THE IMPACT OF R&D ON THE SINGAPORE ECONOMY: AN EMPIRICAL EVALUATION

2009 ◽  
Vol 54 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
YUEN PING HO ◽  
POH KAM WONG ◽  
MUN HENG TOH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Empirical Estimates ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Investment

This paper provides empirical estimates for the impact of R&D on economic growth in Singapore. The Cobb–Douglas based analysis found that R&D investment had a significant impact on total factor productivity performance in the last 20 years and established a long-term equilibrium relationship between R&D investments and TFP. However, compared to OECD countries, the impact of R&D on growth in Singapore is not as strong. To catch up with the developed nations in terms of R&D productivity not only requires increasing R&D intensity in Singapore but also more efficient exploitation of domestic R&D activity.

scholarly journals The Impact of Economic Shocks On Economic Growth in Iraq During the Period (2004-2018)

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 629-642
Author(s):  
Jafer Safer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Economic Shocks ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to study to determine the impact of economic shocks on economic growth in Iraq during the period (2004-2018), and the most important factors that affect economic growth have been identified. And represented in oil prices, the exchange rate, external debt and trade openness, which represent the independent variables of the model used, whereas, economic growth was expressed in gross domestic product as a dependent variable. The usual least squares method is used to estimate the model parameters. The unit root test and the cointegration test were also used. The pulse response functions were estimated to determine the impact of economic shocks on the Iraqi economy during the study period. It was found from the results of the estimation that the time series of the study has stabilized after taking the first differences, There is also a complementarity, that is, there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between the variables used, It was also found that the impact of economic shocks resulting from fluctuations in global oil prices was clear on the economic growth in Iraq.

scholarly journals The Role of Expenditure on Research and Development (R&D) in Promoting Economic Growth and Competitiveness

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
Sandra Jekabsone ◽  
◽  
Ilze Sproģe ◽  
Solvita Kristone
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Structural Funds ◽  
Research And Innovation ◽  
Programming Period ◽  
The Impact ◽  
D Investment

Development of science and research is fundamental for economic growth, as well as the competitiveness of a country. Taking into account the potential decrease of EU funds financing and the limited amount of Latvian national financing, it is necessary to ensure that the efficiency of the use of financing is maintained and raised further. The aim of the study is to evaluate the impact of the EU funds funding activities of 2007–2013 and 2014–2020 on science, research and innovation support activities of Latvian research institutions, as well as the sustainability of the results obtained within the support activities, taking into account the measures planned to support research, development and innovation during the programming period of EU funds 2021–2027. The results of the research show that expenditure in research and development (R&D) in Latvia is small and dependent on European Structural Funds (currently R&D investments are mainly attracted by EU funds), which is not a sustainable solution for R&D development, considering that this financing and its availability are periodic and in the future. This requires consistent long-term public and private (business) R&D investment.

scholarly journals Impact Des Structures Fiscales Sur La Croissance Economique Au Congo-Brazzaville

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (34) ◽  
pp. 163
Author(s):  
Ferdinand Moussavou
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Income Taxes ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Corporate Taxes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Congo Brazzaville ◽  
The Impact

This article proposes to make from Congolese data an empirical evaluation of the impact of tax structures on economic growth. It is based on the effects of state transfers to businesses and on the distinction between personal income taxes, corporate taxes and taxes on goods and services. The results obtained from Dickey and Fuller's model show that, in the long term, personal income taxes, taxes on goods and services, total state revenues, state transfers to enterprises and gross fixed capital formation affect economic growth. In the short term, corporate taxes, revenues and transfers from the state to companies exert an influence on this growth. On the other hand, long-term and short-term results show that government revenues and transfers affect economic growth. These results made it possible to identify the limits of the economic policies implemented in Congo-Brazzaville.

PENGARUH INFRASTRUKTUR SECARA SPASIAL TERHADAP KONVERGENSI PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA

INFO ARTHA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
Anisa Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Catch Up ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Neoclassical Growth Theory

Motivated by inter-regional disparities condition that occurs persistently, this study examines the Indonesian economy in the long run in order to know whether it tends to converge or diverge. This convergence is based on the Solow Neoclassical growth theory assuming the existence of diminishing returns to capital so that when the developed countries reach steady state conditions, developing countries will continuously grow up to 'catch-up' with developed countries. Based on regional economics perspective, each region can not be treated as a stand-alone unit,therefore, this study also focuses on the influence of spatial dependency and infrastructure. Economical and political situations of a region will influence policy in that region which will also have an impact to the neighboring regions. The estimation results of spatial cross-regressive model using fixed effect method consistently confirmed that the Indonesian economy in the long term will likely converge with a speed of 8.08 percent per year. Other findings are road infrastructure has a positive effect on economic growth and investment and road infrastructure are spatially showed a positive effect on economic growth. In other words, the investment and infrastructure of a region does not only affect the economic growth of that region but also to the economy of the contiguous regions. 

Study on Dynamic Relationship between Economic Growth and Energy Consumption in Chongqing - Based on 1980-2011 Data

2013 ◽  
Vol 448-453 ◽  
pp. 4319-4324
Author(s):  
Sheng Wang ◽  
Chun Yan Dai ◽  
En Chuang Wang ◽  
Chun Yan Li
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Impulse Response Function ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Dynamic Relationship ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship

Analyzed the dynamic interaction characteristics of Chongqing Economic growth and energy consumption between 1980-2011 based on vector auto regression model, impulse response function. The results showed that: 1 Between the Chongqing's economic growth and energy consumption exist the positive long-term stable equilibrium relationship, Chongqing's economic development depending on energy consumption is too high, to keep the economy in Chongqing's rapid economic development, energy relatively insufficient supply sustainable development must rely on the energy market, which will restrict the development of Chongqing's economy. 2At this stage, Chongqing continuing emphasis on optimizing the industrial structure to improve energy efficiency at the same time, the key is to establish and improve the energy consumption intensity and total energy demand "dual control" under the security system, weakening the energy bottleneck effect on economic growth.

تدفقات الاستثمار الأجنبي المباشر وأثره على البطالة في العراق للمدة (2004-2017) دراسة تحليلية باستخدام التكامل المشترك المتزامن

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
خالد عواد ◽  
مهند عبد ◽  
بلال اسعد
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Economic Liberalization ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship ◽  
The Impact

This research aims to show the impact of foreign investment inflows into Iraq on changes in unemployment after 2004, in light of the emergence of ideas of globalization in various aspects and the convergence of distances between countries due to the development of knowledge and scientific means of communication and by the policies of economic liberalization and international trade. A long - term equilibrium relationship between foreign investment flows and unemployment, and that changes in unemployment rates explain the change in FDI flows.

ISSUES OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE STATE BUDGET AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN UZBEKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (7) ◽  
pp. 4-19
Author(s):  
Akmal Baltayevich Allakuliev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
The State ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
State Budget ◽  
Macroeconomic Shocks ◽  
Dynamic Correlations ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The article examines the interaction of the country's GDP with the state budget in the short and long term, the impact of the macro-fiscal mechanism on the country's economic growth on the example of Uzbekistan.The aim of the study is to identify dynamic correlations between the country's state budget expenditures and the economic growth of the macro-fiscal mechanism in the short and long term, as well as to analyze the approximation or rate of return of GDP and the state budget to equilibrium during various macroeconomic shocks. and hesitation.The scientific novelties of the research are:

Does Public Debt Service Expenditure Crowd-Out Economic Growth? Empirical Evidence from an African Developing Country

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-38
Author(s):  
Talknice Saungweme ◽  
Nicholas M. Odhiambo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Debt ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Debt Service ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This paper contributes to the ongoing debate on the impact of public debt service on economic growth; and it provides an evidence-based approach to public policy formulation in Zimbabwe. The empirical analysis was performed by applying the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) technique to annual time-series data from 1970 to 2017. The study findings reveal that the impact of public debt service on economic growth in Zimbabwe is negative in the short run but positive in the long run. The results are suggestive of the existence of a crowding-out effect of public debt service in Zimbabwe in the short run and a crowding-in effect in the long run. In view of these findings, the government should consider fiscal and financial policies that promote a constant supply of long-term finance, long-term fixed investments, and extension of a government securities maturity structure so as to ensure sustainable short- and long-term public debt service expenditures. The study further recommends the strengthening of non-distortionary revenue mobilisation reforms to reduce market distortions and boost domestic investment.

scholarly journals Commercialization of conventional and sustainability-oriented innovations: a comparative systematic literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 340-353
Author(s):  
Dinara Kalmakova ◽  
Yuriy Bilan ◽  
Aknur Zhidebekkyzy ◽  
Rimma Sagiyeva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Systematic Literature Review ◽  
Scientific Debate ◽  
Innovation Research ◽  
Comparative Review ◽  
Strategic Factors ◽  
Impact Of Technology ◽  
The Impact

Innovations play an important role in achieving competitiveness and long-term economic growth at all levels of the economic hierarchy. More recently, the role of sustainability-oriented innovation in achieving economic growth has become equally important. However, there is a scientific debate about the possibility of effective commercialization of sustainability-oriented innovations. The existence of such scientific debate, as well as the absence of citation-based systematic literature reviews, became a prerequisite for conducting a comparative literature review of research on the effective commercialization of conventional and sustainability-oriented innovations. The purpose of the study is to conduct a comparative review and analysis of research on the commercialization efficiency of conventional and sustainability-oriented innovations. The analysis was conducted on the basis of a citation-based systematic literature review method. The results show that sustainable innovation research is more focused on the relationship between commercialization and firm performance. In the field of conventional innovations, research trends have shifted from studying the impact of technology transfer office (TTO) size, staffing, compensation practices to how strategic factors affect the efficiency of commercialization. In the area of sustainability-oriented innovation, the issues of the strategic orientation impact cause the most sustained interest, while managerial concerns and the stringency of environmental regulations have been actively explored in the past few years. It was revealed that the commercialization efficiency of sustainability-oriented innovations is characterized by so called sustainability-oriented criteria. A distinctive output criterion for commercialization efficiency of sustainability-oriented innovation is the improvement of the firm’s image. In addition, content analysis identified possible research directions to be investigated.

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