FUELS AND FUEL EFFICIENCY

1994 ◽  
pp. 77-87
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Efficiency

ANALYSIS OF COMPETING VARIANTS OF AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEMS WITHOUT AIR EXTRACTION FROM ENGINES AT THE STAGE OF PASSENGER AIRCRAFT ONBOARD SYSTEMS CONCEPTUAL DESIGN

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
Denis Igorevich Smagin ◽  
Konstantin Igorevich Starostin ◽  
Roman Sergeevich Savelyev ◽  
Anatoly Anatolyevich Satin ◽  
Anastasiya Romanovna Neveshkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Air Conditioning ◽  
Research University ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Moscow Aviation Institute ◽  
Air Conditioning System ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Air Conditioning Systems

One of the ways to achieve safety and comfort is to improve on-board air conditioning systems.The use of air cooling machine determines the air pressure high level at the point of selection from the aircraft engine compressor. Because of the aircraft operation in different modes and especially in the modes of small gas engines, deliberately high stages of selection have to be used for ensuring proper operation of the refrigeration machine in the modes of the aircraft small gas engines. Into force of this, most modes of aircraft operation have to throttle the pressure of the selected stage of selection, which, together with the low efficiency of the air cycle cooling system, makes the currently used air conditioning systems energy inefficient.A key feature of the architecture without air extraction from the main engines compressors is the use of electric drive compressors as a source of compressed air.A comparative analysis of competing variants of on-board air conditioning system without air extraction from engines for longrange aircraft projects was performed at the Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University).The article deals with the main approaches to the decision-making process on the appearance of a promising aircraft on-board air conditioning system at the stage of its conceptual design and formulated the basic requirements for the structure of a complex criterion at different life cycle stages.The level of technical and technological risk, together with a larger installation weight, will require significant costs for development, testing, debugging and subsequent implementation, but at the same time on-board air conditioning system scheme without air extraction from the engines will achieve a significant increase in fuel efficiency at the level of the entire aircraft.

Microstructural and Mechanical Behaviour Evaluation of Mg-Al-Zn Alloy Friction Stir Welded Joint

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 8150-8159
Author(s):  
Kulwant Singh ◽  
Gurbhinder Singh ◽  
Harmeet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Friction Stir Welding ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Tensile Fracture ◽  
Friction Stir ◽  
The Impact

The weight reduction concept is most effective to reduce the emissions of greenhouse gases from vehicles, which also improves fuel efficiency. Amongst lightweight materials, magnesium alloys are attractive to the automotive sector as a structural material. Welding feasibility of magnesium alloys acts as an influential role in its usage for lightweight prospects. Friction stir welding (FSW) is an appropriate technique as compared to other welding techniques to join magnesium alloys. Field of friction stir welding is emerging in the current scenario. The friction stir welding technique has been selected to weld AZ91 magnesium alloys in the current research work. The microstructure and mechanical characteristics of the produced FSW butt joints have been investigated. Further, the influence of post welding heat treatment (at 260 °C for 1 h) on these properties has also been examined. Post welding heat treatment (PWHT) resulted in the improvement of the grain structure of weld zones which affected the mechanical performance of the joints. After heat treatment, the tensile strength and elongation of the joint increased by 12.6 % and 31.9 % respectively. It is proven that after PWHT, the microhardness of the stir zone reduced and a comparatively smoothened microhardness profile of the FSW joint obtained. No considerable variation in the location of the tensile fracture was witnessed after PWHT. The results show that the impact toughness of the weld joints further decreases after post welding heat treatment.

Application of Box-Behnken Analysis on the Optimisation of Air Intake System for a Naturally Aspirated Engine

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 8029-8042
Author(s):  
N.S. Mustafa ◽  
N.H.A. Ngadiman ◽  
M.A. Abas ◽  
M.Y. Noordin
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Fuel Price ◽  
Design Expert ◽  
Intake System ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
System Components ◽  
Air Intake ◽  
High Influence

Fuel price crisis has caused people to demand a car that is having a low fuel consumption without compromising the engine performance. Designing a naturally aspirated engine which can enhance engine performance and fuel efficiency requires optimisation processes on air intake system components. Hence, this study intends to carry out the optimisation process on the air intake system and airbox geometry. The parameters that have high influence on the design of an airbox geometry was determined by using AVL Boost software which simulated the automobile engine. The optimisation of the parameters was done by using Design Expert which adopted the Box-Behnken analysis technique. The result that was obtained from the study are optimised diameter of inlet/snorkel, volume of airbox, diameter of throttle body and length of intake runner are 81.07 mm, 1.04 L, 44.63 mm and 425 mm, respectively. By using these parameters values, the maximum engine performance and minimum fuel consumption are 93.3732 Nm and 21.3695×10-4 kg/s, respectively. This study has fully accomplished its aim to determine the significant parameters that influenced the performance of airbox and optimised the parameters so that a high engine performance and fuel efficiency can be produced. The success of this study can contribute to a better design of an airbox.

A Study on the Contour of the Radial Tire: Rolling Contour Optimization Theory — RCOT

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yamagishi ◽  
M. Togashi ◽  
S. Furuya ◽  
K. Tsukahara ◽  
N. Yoshimura
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Optimization Theory ◽  
Radial Tire ◽  
Braking Performance ◽  
Equilibrium Profiles ◽  
Natural Equilibrium

Abstract The Rolling Contour Optimization Theory (RCOT) can lead to improved steering, fuel efficiency, riding comfort, and braking performance of tires relative to those of conventional shape. The conventional shape has been guided by natural equilibrium profiles, while the RCOT technology shape is guided by that of the tire in motion. This reduces useless distortions caused by running the tire under load. The RCOT design focuses on the distribution of belt and sidewall tension in the tire. Controlling tension in the belt and carcass area while the tire is in motion was the key to creating this new tire shape.

Investigation of Notional CO2 Standard Applicability to Fleet-wide Fuel Efficiency

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Kirby ◽  
Dongwook Lim ◽  
Taewoo Nam ◽  
Graham A. Burdette ◽  
Bryan Boling
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Efficiency

Study on the Buying Motives and Prospects for Small Car Users in Hosur City

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Priya N ◽  
A Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Reference Group ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Consumer Orientation ◽  
One Step ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The City

Liberalization in 1991. The availability of many alternatives within the city provides an opportunity to the consumers to make a rational decision after considering all the options. Today is an era which is characterized by a consumer’s market where the manufacturers and marketers not only take into consideration the consumer orientation to make them satisfied but goes one step ahead of achieving. Consumer delight. Consumers look for those differentiating parameters, which may help them to make the best decision and can be proved as value to money proposition for them. It makes more important to analyze the consumer perceptions and behavior of the passenger car owners which will give the feedback pertaining to designing the marketing strategies. The objective of this paper is to investigate those differentiating parameter and effect of the reference group that influences the consumer buying behavior of car owners within the city of Hosur.The primary data was collected from 191 respondents, located Hosur in using convenience sampling .The results revealed the strong influence of attributes like price, fuel efficiency in buying decision and importance of reference group.

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