Identification of local populations of Lake Biwa catfish Silurus biwaensis in Japan on the basis of δ13C and δ15N analyses

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriyuki Takai ◽  
Wataru Sakamoto
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Lake Biwa ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
Eastern Area ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Ultrasonic Tracking

Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios were used to examine the mixing of adult Lake Biwa catfish, Silurus biwaensis, in different areas of the lake and to identify the local populations. The isotopic signatures of its prey, the bluegill, Lepomis macrochirus, were also examined as indicators of each local food web. We analyzed 141 Lake Biwa catfish and 60 bluegills captured in the lake. The differences in δ13C values indicated that the two groups of catfish captured in the northern- and the southern-most spawning areas did not mix with each other frequently and were thus identified as local populations. The catfish captured in the mid-eastern area, where no spawning ground was found, were considered to be a group of migrators from the southernmost area, not a local population. These results are consistent with those obtained using ultrasonic tracking. It was therefore clearly demonstrated that stable isotope analysis is useful for identifying local populations of aquatic animals.

Trophic polymorphism in bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus) introduced into Lake Biwa: evidence from stable isotope analysis

Limnology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kimiko Uchii ◽  
Noboru Okuda ◽  
Ryuji Yonekura ◽  
Zin’ichi Karube ◽  
Kazuaki Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Lake Biwa ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Lepomis Macrochirus ◽  
Bluegill Sunfish ◽  
Trophic Polymorphism

scholarly journals Stable Isotope Analyses of Multiple Tissues of Great Shearwaters (Ardenna Gravis) Reveals Long-Term Dietary Stability, Short-Term Changes in Diet, and Can be Used as a Tool to Monitor Food Webs

Diversity ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong ◽  
Wiley ◽  
Powers ◽  
Michener ◽  
Kaufman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Food Webs ◽  
Trophic Level ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Diet Shift ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Over Time

The great shearwater (Ardenna gravis) is a common pelagic bird with a distribution that spans almost the entire Atlantic basin, which in conjunction with its relatively high abundance, makes great shearwaters an effective bio indicator. We compared δ13C and δ15N values from the feathers, red blood cells (RBCs), and plasma of great shearwaters collected in 2014 and 2015 from the waters off Massachusetts and Cape Cod. The δ13C and δ15N values of RBCs were quite constant between sampling periods and years, suggesting a generally stable food web over that time period. However, the δ13C of plasma indicates a small seasonal change in diet between July and September for both years, with plasma δ15N values suggesting a slight increase in trophic level late in summer. Comparison of the δ15N of RBCs and plasma indicates that great shearwaters experienced a diet shift during the first few weeks of summer 2014, but not in 2015. Comparisons with other studies suggest that these shearwaters feed at a lower trophic level than great shearwaters sampled in the Bay of Fundy and that there is a decrease in δ13C with increasing latitude, which could indicate a more pelagic diet in northern waters. Stable isotope analysis of the sixth primary feathers provided evidence that these feathers are molted in the Northern Hemisphere and that the diet of great shearwaters shortly after arrival was different in 2014 and 2015. This study demonstrates that within species comparisons of tissue isotopic signatures over time and comparisons of isotopic signatures of tissues with different turnover rates, can detect changes in diet and be used as a tool to monitor for changes in marine food webs over time and space. The relevant signals remain informative even in the absence of species-specific data on tissue-diet discrimination factors, tissue turnover rates, or knowledge of dietary components and their stable isotopic signatures, suggesting dietary changes indicative of a corresponding change in the food web.

Stable isotope analysis reveals partitioning in prey use by Kajikia audax (Istiophoridae), Thunnus albacares, Katsuwonus pelamis, and Auxis spp. (Scombridae) in the Eastern Tropical Pacific of Ecuador

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rigoberto Rosas-Luis ◽  
Nancy Cabanillas-Terán ◽  
Carmen A. Villegas-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Food Web ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Thunnus Albacares ◽  
Katsuwonus Pelamis ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n

Abstract Kajikia audax, Thunnus albacares, Katsuwonus pelamis, and Auxis spp. occupy high and middle-level trophic positions in the food web. They represent important sources for fisheries in Ecuador. Despite their ecological and economic importance, studies on pelagic species in Ecuador are scarce. This study uses stable isotope analysis to assess the trophic ecology of these species, and to determine the contribution of prey to the predator tissue. Isotope data was used to test the hypothesis that medium-sized pelagic fish species have higher δ15N values than those of the prey they consumed, and that there is no overlap between their δ13C and δ15N values. Results showed higher δ15N values for K. audax, followed by T. albacares, Auxis spp. and K. pelamis, which indicates that the highest position in this food web is occupied by K. audax. The stable isotope Bayesian ellipses demonstrated that on a long time-scale, these species do not compete for food sources. Moreover, δ15N values were different between species and they decreased with a decrease in predator size.

scholarly journals Stable Isotope Analysis and Persistent Organic Pollutants in Crustacean Zooplankton: The Role of Size and Seasonality

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Piscia ◽  
Michela Mazzoni ◽  
Roberta Bettinetti ◽  
Rossana Caroni ◽  
Davide Cicala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Standing Stock ◽  
Fish Predation ◽  
Crustacean Zooplankton ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Stock Biomass

Zooplankton is crucial for the transfer of matter, energy, and pollutants through aquatic food webs. Primary and secondary consumers contribute to the abundance and standing stock biomass, which both vary seasonally. By means of taxa- and size-specific carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis, the path of pollutants through zooplankton is traced and seasonal changes are addressed, in an effort to understand pollutant dynamics in the pelagic food web. We analyzed zooplankton plurennial changes in concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and its relatives (DDTs) and in taxa-specific δ15N signatures in two size fractions, ≥450 µm and ≥850 µm, representative of the major part of zooplankton standing stock biomass and of the fraction to which fish predation is mainly directed, respectively. Our work is aimed at verifying: (1) A link between nitrogen isotopic signatures and pollutant concentrations; (2) the predominance of size versus seasonality for concentration of pollutants; and (3) the contribution of secondary versus primary consumers to carbon and nitrogen isotopic signatures. We found a prevalence of seasonality versus size in pollutant concentrations and isotopic signatures. The taxa-specific δ15N results correlated to pollutant concentrations, by means of taxa contribution to standing stock biomass and δ15N isotopic signatures. This is a step forward to understanding the taxa-specific role in pollutant transfer to planktivores and of zooplankton enrichment in PCBs and DDTs.

Trophic relationships of the platypus: insights from stable isotope and cheek pouch dietary analyses

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Klamt ◽  
Jenny A. Davis ◽  
Ross M. Thompson ◽  
Richard Marchant ◽  
Tom R. Grant
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Trophic Relationships ◽  
Cheek Pouch ◽  
Insect Larvae ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Wide Range

The unique Australian monotreme, the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) potentially exerts a strong top-down influence on riverine food webs in eastern Australia. However, despite considerable interest in the evolutionary history and physiology of the platypus, little is known of its trophic relationships. To address this lack of knowledge we used stable isotope analysis, in combination with the analysis of food items stored in cheek pouches, to determine its position in a typical riverine food web. This was the essential first step in the process of designing a larger study to investigate the relative importance of top-down and bottom-up effects in rivers where the platypus occurs. We found that platypuses were feeding on a wide range of benthic invertebrates, particularly insect larvae. The similarity of δ13C and δ15N values recorded for the platypus, a native fish (Galaxias sp.) and the exotic mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki) indicated dietary overlap and potential competition for the same resources. Although cheek pouch studies identify most of the major groups of prey organisms, the potential for contribution of the soft-bodied organisms such as larval dipterans, is suggested by stable isotope analysis, indicating that the use of both techniques will be important in future ecological investigations.

Trophic ecology of the blue shark (Prionace glauca) based on stable isotopes (δ13C and δ15N) and stomach content

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 1403-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Berenice Hernández-Aguilar ◽  
Ofelia Escobar-Sánchez ◽  
Felipe Galván-Magaña ◽  
Leonardo Andrés Abitia-Cárdenas
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stomach Content ◽  
Trophic Ecology ◽  
Baja California ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Baja California Sur ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
Prionace Glauca

Occupying the upper levels of trophic webs and thus regulating prey at lower levels, sharks play an important role in the trophic structure and energy dynamics of marine ecosystems. In recent years, the removal of these individuals from upper trophic levels as a result of overfishing has negatively affected ecosystems. We analysed the diet of blue sharks (Prionace glauca) caught off the west coast of Baja California Sur, Mexico, during the months of February–June in 2001, 2005 and 2006. We employed both stomach content and stable isotope analyses as each method provides distinct yet important information regarding the role of blue sharks in marine food webs, allowing us to estimate the relative contribution of different prey items to this predator's diet. Of the 368 stomachs analysed, 210 contained food (57%) and 158 (43%) were empty. Based on stomach contents and the index of relative importance (IRI), the pelagic red crab (Pleuroncodes planipes) was the most important prey, followed by the squids Gonatus californiensis (34.1%) and Ancistrocheirus lesueurii (10.4%). The mean (±SD) values for δ15N (16.48 ± 0.94‰) and δ13C (−18.48 ± 0.63‰) suggest that blue sharks prefer feeding in oceanic waters. The trophic level based on stomach content analysis was 4.05, while that based on the stable isotope analysis was 3.8, making blue sharks top consumers in the marine ecosystem of Baja California Sur, Mexico.

Differentiation of Pigment in Eggs Using Carbon (13C/12C) and Nitrogen (15N/14N) Stable Isotopes

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 1032-1037
Author(s):  
Feng M Sun ◽  
Guang Y Shi ◽  
Hui W Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratio ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Carbon Stable Isotope ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
Δ13c Values ◽  
Isotope Ratio Analysis ◽  
Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis ◽  
Yellow Pigments

Abstract Consumers prefer natural and healthy food, but artificial pigments are often abused in egg products. The study aimed at differentiating the origin of pigments in eggs by applying the technique of carbon (13C/12C) and nitrogen (15N/14N) stable isotope analysis. Five hundred sixty laying hens were randomly distributed into 14 treatments, which were divided into four groups: maize, carophyll red pigment, carophyll yellow pigment, and a mixture of carophyll red and yellow pigments. Eggs were collected and pretreated to determe the values of the Roche Yolk Color Fan (RCF), δ13C, and δ15N. With increasing maize content, the RCF and δ13C values of yolks increased. Moreover, the RCF values in the three pigment groups were significantly influenced by the artificial colors, but δ13C values were not significantly different, regardless of the existence of pigment. The δ15N values in all treatments did not vary as regularly as the carbon stable isotope. A strong positive correlation was found between RCF and δ13C in the maize group, but no such correlation was be observed in the pigment groups. It is concluded that carbon stable isotope ratio analysis (δ13C) of the yolk can be used to differentiate the origin of the pigment added to eggs.

scholarly journals Preservation in 70% ethanol solution does not affect δ13C and δ15N values of reindeer blood samples – relevance for stable isotope studies of diet

Rangifer ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan J. Halley ◽  
Masao Minagawa ◽  
Mauri Nieminen ◽  
Eldar Gaare
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Stable Isotope Analysis ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Δ13c And Δ15n ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Isotope Studies ◽  
Whole Blood Samples ◽  
Chloroform Methanol

We compared duplicate samples of whole blood samples from 18 reindeer that were preserved either by immediate freezing or by immersion in 70 % ethanol. All samples were dried at 60 °C, powdered, treated with 1:1 chloroform: methanol, and dried again before isotope analysis. There were no differences in the values of δ13C and δ15N between the methods of preservation. Isotopic differences were absolutely small (δ13C = 0.1±0.10/00; δ15N=0.2±0.20/00), random in direction, and within the limits of analytical precision for the mass spectrometer. Preservation in ethanol thus appears to be an effective and efficient method for preserving blood samples for stable isotope analysis under field conditions. Abstract in Norwegian / Sammendrag:Konservering av blodprøver fra rein i 70% etanolløsning påvirker ikke verdiene av δ13C and δ15N–verdiene og er en fullgod metode for analyse av stabile isotoperVi sammenlignet to og to prøver av blodprøver fra 18 reinsdyr. Prøvene var enten konservert ved umiddelbar frysing eller ved bruk av 70% etanol. Alle prøver ble tørket ved 60 °C, pulverisert og behandlet med kloroform:metanol i forholdet 1:1. Til slutt ble de tørket på nytt før gjennomføring av isotopanalysen. Vi fant ingen forskjell i verdiene av δ13C and δ15N mellom de to konserveringsmetodene. I absolutte verdier var isotopforskjellene små (δ13C = 0.1±0.1 0/00; δ15N=0.2±0.2 0/00). Forskjellene var tilfeldige og innenfor grensene for massespektrometerets presisjon. Bruk av etanol framstår som en effektiv og fullgod metode til konservering av blodprøver for analyse av stabile isotoper under feltforhold.

scholarly journals Technical note: an alternative water vapor sampling technique for stable isotope analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
César~Dionisio Jiménez-Rodríguez ◽  
Miriam Coenders-Gerrits ◽  
Thom Bogaard ◽  
Erika Vatiero ◽  
Hubert Savenije
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Laser Spectroscopy ◽  
Isotope Analysis ◽  
Coniferous Forest ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Sample Volume ◽  
Technical Note ◽  
Isotopic Signatures ◽  
Alternative Water

Abstract. Recent developments in laser spectroscopy enabled to carry out direct measurements of δ2H and δ18O of air water vapor in the field. However, certain experimental sites or project budgets do not ease the deployment of this technology to obtain the needed measurements. We carried out three consecutive experiments aiming to provide an alternative method to sample air vapour in the field, and preventing fractionation during the process. The first experiment determined the minimum air sample volume required to obtain measurements of δ2H and δ18O with a laser spectrometer. The second one test evaluated the capacity to retrieve continuously similar isotopic signatures of the collected samples from one location. The third experiment assessed the applicability of this methodology under an experimental set up in a coniferous forest in The Netherlands. Stable isotope measurements of water vapor by laser spectroscopy can be obtained with a sample volume of 450 mL of air. This allows to measure each sample during a period of 300 s, obtaining isotope signatures with standard deviations lower than 0.1 ‰, and 0.5 ‰, for δ18O and δ2H, respectively. Air samples collected with bags were homogeneously mixed, allowing to retrieve a better temporal variation in the field than the cold traps employed.

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