Urinary 3-methylhistidine and progressive winter undernutrition in white-tailed deer

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (11) ◽  
pp. 2090-2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn D DelGiudice ◽  
Ken D Kerr ◽  
L David Mech ◽  
Michael R Riggs ◽  
Ulysses S Seal
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Nutritional Restriction ◽  
Muscle Catabolism ◽  
Cumulative Mass ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Physiological indicators of muscle catabolism would aid assessment of winter nutritional restriction of ungulates, and urinary 3-methylhistidine has exhibited potential in this regard in several species. We examined the effect of chronic moderate and severe nutritional restriction during winter on urinary 3-methylhistidine:creatinine ratios in seven adult white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) and the relationship of these ratios to urinary urea nitrogen:creatinine ratios. Mean base line estimates of urinary 3-methylhistidine:creatinine ratio for the control and severely restricted deer (0.043 and 0.086 µmol:mg, respectively) were similar (P = 0.280) and remained unchanged in the control deer throughout the study. In contrast, mean 3-methylhistidine:creatinine ratios increased dramatically as nutritional restriction and cumulative mass loss progressed; the quadratic component of the data for the chronically restricted deer was significant (P < 0.001). Likewise, there was a strong curvilinear relationship (R2 = 0.82) between cumulative mass loss (up to 29%) of the pooled deer and urinary 3-methylhistidine:creatinine ratios. Further, urinary urea nitrogen:creatinine ratios were strongly related to 3-methylhistidine:creatinine ratios (r2 = 0.89). Our study indicates that further investigation of 3-methylhistidine as an indicator of physical condition and muscle protein breakdown is warranted.

scholarly journals Cytochemical and Radioautographic Identification of Cells Induced to Synthesize Hemoglobin

Blood ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 885-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelius Rosse ◽  
John A. Trotter
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Monochromatic Light ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Reticular Cell ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Hemoglobin Synthesis ◽  
Transitional Cells ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract In order to facilitate the identification of bone marrow cells in which hemoglobin synthesis is initiated, erythropoiesis was first suppressed in guinea pigs through the induction of posthypoxic polycythemia, and then it was restimulated by bleeding and reexposure to hypoxia. Hemoglobin synthesis was detected with 55Fe incorporation on radioautographs, and its presence was demonstrated in the light microscope with the benzidine reaction and absorption of monochromatic light at λ 4046 Å. In the electron microscope, hemoglobin was detected in the cytoplasm by a general increase in electron density after treating the tissue with diaminobenzidine (DAB) and OsO4. Densitometric measurements were carried out on electronmicroscopic negatives, using reticular cell cytoplasm as a base line. In normal marrow, proerythroblasts were the earliest cells in which hemoglobin could be detected, but during the early phase of erythropoietic stimulation, hemoglobin was demonstrated in transitional cells with all the methods employed. Without the specific demonstration of hemoglobin, these cells could not be recognized morphologically as erythroblasts nor could they be distinguished from the precursors of bone marrow small lymphocytes. Transitional cells were numerous in the marrow at the time of stimulation, and 40 hr later a small number of them were labeled with 55Fe and synthesized hemoglobin in detectable amounts. Proerythroblasts were absent at the time of the stimulus, and when they reappeared the majority were benzidine or DAB positive and had incorporated 55Fe. The findings suggest that progenitor cells of erythroblasts are among the basophilic members of the transitional cell population, and erythropoietic stimulation induces hemoglobin synthesis in them. The relationship of these cells to the progenitors of other hemopoietic cells, as well as to the pluripotent stem cell, is discussed.

Curvilinear relationship of entrepreneurial experience and entrepreneurial self-efficacy: Entrepreneurial passion as a moderator

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yanbin Liu ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ping Yuan ◽  
Yanpeng Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Entrepreneurial Experience ◽  
Entrepreneurial Passion ◽  
Upward Slope ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

We combined experience curve theory and social learning theory and proposed that the relationship between entrepreneurs' prior experience and their entrepreneurial self-efficacy would be curvilinear, with the upward slope of the curve gradually decreasing. Participants were 266 entrepreneurs in Southeast China who completed a survey. Our results show there was a nonlinear relationship between entrepreneurial experience and entrepreneurial self-efficacy, suggesting that as entrepreneurs gained more experience, the rate of entrepreneurial self-efficacy slowed down. Furthermore, we found that entrepreneurial passion moderated this curvilinear relationship, such that when entrepreneurial passion was strong, nascent entrepreneurs with less experience exhibited greater entrepreneurial self-efficacy than did entrepreneurs with more experience. Theoretical contributions and future research directions are discussed.

Effects of Nonylphenol on the Enzyme Activity of SOD in Shrimp (Neocaridina heteropoda)

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 256-258
Author(s):  
Hong Wei Wang ◽  
Qing Chao Xing ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Rui Yin ◽  
Duan Bo Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The effects of different concentrations of nonylphenol on Neocaridina heteropoda were studied through testing the Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) activity in the muscle of N. heteropoda under the nonylphenol stress, then explored the relationship of the time that was N. heteropoda exposed nonylphenol and the in vivo physiological indicators. Results showed the following conclusion: in a certain range, higher concentrations of nonylphenol had heavier influence on SOD activity of shrimps; shrimps were infected significantly when they were exposed to the same concentration of nonylphenol in 2 days; the influence was reduced to the shrimp with the prolonging of time.

Somatic Responses and Performance Levels during Anticipatory Physical-Threat Stress

1968 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara L. Drinkwater ◽  
M. Marilyn Flint ◽  
Troy S. Cleland
Keyword(s):  
Action Potentials ◽  
General Aviation ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Blink Rate ◽  
Physical Threat ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Aviation Pilots

20 general aviation pilots flew a series of simulated instrument flights under stress and non-stress conditions. During flight, muscle action potentials from the masseter muscle and eye blink were monitored. The relationship of these two measures of somatic activity to each other and to performance scores was determined on an inter- and intra-individual basis. Both linear and curvilinear coefficients were computed. Levels of somatic activity rose significantly from the control to stress flight. Individual reliability of blink rate and intra-individual reliability of masseter activity and blink rate were significant across flights. A significant curvilinear relationship was present between blink rate and masseter tension. In general, performance errors were fewer in those Ss with lower levels of somatic tension and during flight sectors in which masseter activity was low or moderate. High error scores were found in those sectors in which blink rate was low or moderate.

Physical Attractiveness and Locus of Control in Elementary School Children

1982 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 723-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Markley ◽  
Jack J. Kramer ◽  
Kristi D. Parry ◽  
James E. Ryabik
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Locus Of Control ◽  
School Children ◽  
Physical Attractiveness ◽  
Elementary School Children ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of physical attractiveness and locus of control in 126 elementary school children, Grades 3 through 6, was investigated. The study was an attempt to observe, with children, the phenomenon reported in 1978 by Anderson for college subjects, namely, a curvilinear relationship between physical attractiveness and locus of control. 10 independent adult observers rated yearbook pictures of children on physical attractiveness. The mean rating for each child was compared with the locus of control score on the Nowicki-Strickland Locus of Control Scale for Children. No significant association was found between physical attractiveness and locus of control or between locus of control and sex. However, mean locus of control scores became progressively more internal from Grades 3 to 6 for this sample.

scholarly journals R&D Intensity and Its Curvilinear Relationship with Firm Profitability: Perspective from the Alternative Energy Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5060
Author(s):  
Natasha Hazarika
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Environmental Research ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Return On Sales ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

There is an inconclusive debate concerning the relationship between environmental research and development (R&D) and corporate financial performance (CFP). The debate becomes more complex because a win–win situation between environmental and financial goals is not as plausible in practice as it is in theory. Though arguments have been made that when time-lag is considered, the relationship can produce positive outcomes for both entities, ambiguities persist because linear models dominate this analysis. This study, therefore, empirically tested the existence of a curvilinear relationship between R&D intensity and CFP in the context of the alternative energy sector. Using a panel dataset of 24 companies and 232 unbalanced firm-year observations for 10 years, it was found that after passing the inflection points, investment in R&D reaps financial benefits that will eventually offset the cost of the initial investment. The curvilinear relationship of R&D intensity on return on sales and net profit margin is strongly supported.

scholarly journals Information Technology Use and Cyberbullying Behavior in South Thailand: A Test of the Goldilocks Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (19) ◽  
pp. 7122
Author(s):  
Ruthaychonnee Sittichai ◽  
Peter K. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Technology Use ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Nonlinear Trends ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

There has been concern about the effects of high levels of internet use on the mental well-being of young people. This has generally been phrased in terms of a displacement hypothesis, that the extent of internet use and mental well-being are directly proportional. This linear model has been contrasted with a Goldilocks Hypothesis, proposed by Przybylski and Weinstein. This supposes that moderate levels of internet use may be the least harmful, conforming to a curvilinear relationship. Here these hypotheses were tested on a sample of 1140 adolescents (42% boys, 58% girls) aged 12–18 years, in 12 schools from Southern Thailand. We first report levels of internet use, and of cybervictimization, taken as one important aspect of mental well-being. We then assess the relationship of four factors of internet use (frequency, time spent, number of places accessed, number of activities) with (a) being a victim of cyberbullying, and (b) being a frequent victim; taking these as indicators of mental well-being. For (a) there was limited evidence of a Goldilocks effect on two out of four measures. For (b) the evidence did support a Goldilocks effect for all four measures, but these were under-powered analyses and the findings did not reach statistical significance. If substantiated on larger samples, a curvilinear relationship between aspects of internet use and cyberbullying would suggest a ‘safe zone’ for adolescent internet use, bringing its benefits while minimizing risks of cyberbullying. In the future, similar research should use larger sample sizes or longitudinal measures when exploring nonlinear trends and include other aspects of mental well-being.

The relationship of exercise response to personality

1973 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Stanaway ◽  
R. P. Hullin
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Lactate ◽  
Pulmonary Ventilation ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Eysenck Personality Inventory ◽  
Exercise Response ◽  
Neuroticism Scale ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

SYNOPSISIn an experiment to investigate the relationship of exercise response to the personality dimensions of introversion-extraversion and neuroticism, 30 subjects filled in an Eysenck Personality Inventory and were later given a standard amount of exercise on a bicycle ergometer, with blood samples being taken before and afterwards to be analysed for lactate and glucose. A highly significant positive correlation was found between neuroticism and the change in blood glucose and a highly significant curvilinear relationship between neuroticism and the increase in blood lactate, with the largest increases in lactate occurring at the extremes of the neuroticism scale. No significant relationship was found between introversion-extraversion and either of the biochemical variables. Hypotheses are put forward to account for the relationship between neuroticism and the change in blood glucose in terms of the action of adrenaline in releasing glucose from the liver, and to account for the relationship between neuroticism and the increase in blood lactate in terms of differing rates of pulmonary ventilation during and after exercise.

scholarly journals The relationship of potato tubers chemical composition with selected physiological indicators

2015 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Sawicka ◽  
Władysław Michałek ◽  
Piotr Pszczółkowski
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Physiological Indicators ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of the scleractinian corals to the rugose corals

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (02) ◽  
pp. 146-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
William A. Oliver
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Scleractinian Corals ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Early Triassic ◽  
Rugose Corals ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Biologic Factors

The Mesozoic-Cenozoic coral Order Scleractinia has been suggested to have originated or evolved (1) by direct descent from the Paleozoic Order Rugosa or (2) by the development of a skeleton in members of one of the anemone groups that probably have existed throughout Phanerozoic time. In spite of much work on the subject, advocates of the direct descent hypothesis have failed to find convincing evidence of this relationship. Critical points are:(1) Rugosan septal insertion is serial; Scleractinian insertion is cyclic; no intermediate stages have been demonstrated. Apparent intermediates are Scleractinia having bilateral cyclic insertion or teratological Rugosa.(2) There is convincing evidence that the skeletons of many Rugosa were calcitic and none are known to be or to have been aragonitic. In contrast, the skeletons of all living Scleractinia are aragonitic and there is evidence that fossil Scleractinia were aragonitic also. The mineralogic difference is almost certainly due to intrinsic biologic factors.(3) No early Triassic corals of either group are known. This fact is not compelling (by itself) but is important in connection with points 1 and 2, because, given direct descent, both changes took place during this only stage in the history of the two groups in which there are no known corals.

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