Morphometric differentiation in populations of the Central European sculpin Cottus gobio L., a fish with deeply divergent genetic lineages

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (5) ◽  
pp. 876-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Riffel ◽  
Arnd Schreiber
Keyword(s):  
Contact Region ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Central European ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Cottus Gobio ◽  
Morphological Differences

The morphological differentiation between four population collectives of the Central European sculpin Cottus gobio from southwestern Germany and adjacent France (the contact region of the Rhine, Danube, and Rhône drainage basins) was evaluated using multivariate analysis of 34 morphometric and 3 meristic characters. Body shape separated Neckarian and Danubian sculpins, Rhenish stocks taking a somewhat intermediate position. These morphological differences between populations from various drainage basins were slighter than the deeper allozyme differentiation observed in a previous study. However, both allozymes and morphometry indicated the same population groupings. It is concluded that C. gobio displays an accelerated rate of allozyme evolution, or that stabilizing selection conserves its phenotype despite ongoing evolution at the protein level. The morphological data do not support the distinction of species in the area of the Rhine/Danube watershed.

Morphological differentiation in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) from three different populations in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Popoola Omoniyi Michael ◽  
Olagunju Oluwatosin Olubunmi
Keyword(s):  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Morphometric Traits ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
High Positive Correlation ◽  
Meristic Counts ◽  
Major Cluster

AbstractIntraspecific morphological variation in Clarias gariepinus was studied in three water bodies. Twenty-three morphometric characteristics and seven meristic were used. Principal component (PC) analysis showed that morphometric traits of River Osun and Ogbese were somewhat related while that of Aago showed no relatedness, there were no difference among the meristic counts of the populations. PC1, and PC2 accounted for 93% and 4% of the variation observed in the populations. High positive correlation was observed in Aago (r = 0.872, b = 2.10) and Ogbese population while low correlation and negative allometric growth (r = 0.425 and b= 1.38) was observed in Asejire population. Cluster analysis revealed that three studied populations are separated into two major clusters, with samples from Asejire and Ogbese population found within the same cluster but different sub- clusters, similarly some of samples from Aago were also within the same cluster while samples 10 were found on a separate and major cluster. The study confirms the variability among individual species within each population, indicates the presence of genetic diversity among the populations of C. gariepinus and the Pre-anal distance and dorsal fin ray count could be employed in the identification of populations of catfish. Key words: morphometric traits, meristic characters, populations, allometric

A revision of Australian species of Radula subg. Odontoradula

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matt A. M. Renner ◽  
Nicolas Devos ◽  
Elizabeth A. Brown ◽  
Matt J. von Konrat
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Chloroplast Markers ◽  
Molecular Divergence ◽  
Wet Tropics ◽  
Australian Flora ◽  
Morphological Differences

The current paper presents molecular data from three chloroplast markers (atpB–rbcL spacer, trnG G2 intron, trnL–trnF intron and spacer); morphological data, and geographic data to support the recognition of nine species belonging to Radula subg. Odontoradula in Australasia. R. ocellata, the subgeneric type from the Wet Tropics bioregion, is maintained as distinct from its sister species, R. pulchella, from south-eastern Australian rainforests; both species are Australian endemics. Reinstatement of R. allisonii from synonymy, under R. retroflexa, is supported by molecular data and morphological characters, including the absence of triradiate trigones on leaf-lobe cell walls, the apex of lobules on primary shoots not being turned outwards, the oblong-elliptic female bracts, and the perianths having a pronounced wing. Reinstatement of R. weymouthiana, from synonymy under R. retroflexa, is also supported by molecular data and morphological characters, including the presence of a single low dome-shaped papilla over each leaf-lobe cell, and the large imbricate lobules on primary shoots. R. weymouthiana occurs in Tasmania and New Zealand, whereas R. allisonii is a New Zealand endemic. Australian R. retroflexa exhibits differentiation into epiphytic and rheophytic morphs, interpreted as ecotypes. Australian individuals, comprising both epiphytic and rheophytic morphs, are monophyletic and nested within a clade containing individuals from other regions. R. novae-hollandiae is newly reported for the New Zealand Botanical Region, from Raoul Island in the Kermadecs. R. novae-hollandiae exhibits decoupling of morphological and molecular divergence, with Australian individuals forming two clades reflecting geography (a Wet Tropics bioregion clade and a south-eastern Rainforest clade). These clades exhibit equivalent levels of molecular divergence, as observed in R. pulchella and R. ocellata, but no morphological differences. Similar levels of molecular divergence were observed in trans-Tasman populations of R. tasmanica. The New Zealand endemic, R. plicata, is excluded from the Australian flora, and R. cuspidata replaces R. dentifolia for the New Zealand endemic species formerly known by both names.

scholarly journals Adaptive response to olive cultivation in a generalist parasitic nematode (Meloidogyne javanica)

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-368
Author(s):  
Elodie Chapuis ◽  
Nadeen Ali ◽  
Camille Noûs ◽  
Guillaume Besnard
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Meloidogyne Javanica ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Asexual Parasite ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Wild Progenitors

Abstract Cultivated plants usually differ from their wild progenitors in several morphological and/or physiological traits. Their microbe communities might also differ because of adaptation to new conditions related to cultivation. To test this hypothesis, we investigated morphological traits in a parthenogenetic root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) from natural and agricultural environments. Seventeen populations of M. javanica were sampled on cultivated and wild olives in Morocco, then maintained in controlled conditions for a ‘common garden’ experiment. We estimated the genetic variation based on three traits (stylet size, neck width and body width) by a quantitative genetic design (ten families per population and nine individuals per family were measured), and molecular variation was investigated with a mitochondrial marker to identify the genetic lineages of nematode isolates sampled from wild and cultivated olives. Significant morphological differences were detected between individuals from wild vs. cultivated hosts for the three traits, whereas no phylogenetic clustering was observed among isolates collected on those two hosts. Our results thus suggest an adaptive response of the asexual parasite, possibly related to the deep modification of soil nematode communities between natural olive stands and orchards.

scholarly journals Records of regalecid fishes in Argentine waters

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2509 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
ANA E. RUIZ ◽  
ATILA E. GOSZTONYI
Keyword(s):  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Argentine Sea ◽  
The Pacific

The first two specimens of Regalecus glesne Ascanius, 1788, collected in the Argentine Sea, at Playa Unión beach, 43º 18' S, 65º 02' W are reported. Body measurements, meristic characters and morphological data are given. The most important differences with two other regalecid species, R. russelii Cuvier and R. kinoi Castro-Aguirre et al. 1991, from the Pacific coasts of Mexico, are considered. Also, a specimen caught at 43° 03’ S, 59° 14’ W, at 993 m depth, previously identified as Agrostichthys sp. is rediagnosed as Agrostichthys parkeri Benham, 1904. The distribution of R. glesne is extended to the Argentine Sea, adding a regalecid species to its fish fauna.

Analysis of meristic and mitochondrial DNA variation in Syngnathus abaster (Teleostea: Syngnathidae) from two western Mediterranean lagoons

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajer Ben Alaya ◽  
Daria Sanna ◽  
Marco Casu ◽  
Francesca Biagi ◽  
Paolo Francalacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Dna ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
Genetic Structuring ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Evolutionary Forces ◽  
Mediterranean Lagoons ◽  
The Mediterranean

AbstractSyngnathus abaster is a euryhaline pipefish distributed in the Mediterranean, Black Sea, and the north-eastern Atlantic. Although its populations are characterised by high morphological plasticity, neither congruent information about the morphological differentiation of S. abaster populations from the Mediterranean lagoons is available, nor population genetic surveys have been so far performed. In this context, the aims of our study were as follow: i) to describe the variation at nine meristic characters of S. abaster from two western Mediterranean brackish-water areas: the Tunis north lagoon (Tunisia) and the Mauguio lagoon (France); ii) to analyse sequences of four mitochondrial DNA regions in order to evaluate the occurrence of genetic variation between the two areas, if any. The morphological survey revealed a subdivision into two distinct groups: the first included the Tunisian specimens, the second the French ones. Genetic analysis evidenced the occurrence of a sharp genetic structuring with high levels of genetic differentiation between Tunisian and French S. abaster populations. Results suggest that the evolutionary forces driven by the different biogeographical and ecological conditions of the two Mediterranean brackish-water areas have boosted the morphological and genetic divergence of the populations here analysed. The scarce potential of long-distance dispersal of S. abaster may have also enhanced the divergence retrieved.

A Paedomorphocline in Eucalyptus: Natural Variation in the E. risdonii/E. tenuiramis Complex

1991 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 545 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJE Wiltshire ◽  
BM Potts ◽  
JB Reid
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Natural Variation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Leaf Habit ◽  
Juvenile Leaf ◽  
Adult Leaf ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Fruit Characters

Ontogenetic and morphological variation in 40 natural populations of the closely related species, E. risdonii and E. tenuiramis, were assessed in a multivariate study of juvenile and adult leaf and fruit characters. The present taxonomic separation of the two taxa is based mainly on ontogenetic differences, but this study reveals that the variation between the two taxa in the retention of the juvenile leaf habit is continuous and may represent a paedomorphocline. The morphological data suggest that at least four phenetic groups are required to summarise the morphological variation in the E. risdonii/ E. tenuiramis complex. When ontogenetic variation is removed, the morphological variation between some E. risdonii and some E. tenuiramis populations is also continuous and much smaller than the morphological differences within E. tenuiramis. This suggests that E. risdonii may be the product of relatively recent changes in developmental timing (heterochrony) from E. tenuiramis.

On the origin and systematic position of the Azorean goldenrod, Solidago azorica (Asteraceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 210 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanno Schaefer
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Common Ancestor ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Large Populations ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Asa Gray

Goldenrods were first collected in the Azores by the German botanist Karl Hochstetter in 1838 and described as an endemic species Solidago azorica. In 1882, Asa Gray placed the name into synonymy of the American seaside goldenrod, S. sempervirens. The taxonomic position and status of the plants in the Azores remained unclear ever since but recent human-mediated introduction from the American coast seemed to be the most likely explanation. Here, I analyze molecular and morphological data and the historical record to test this hypothesis. While morphological differences are not clear and an overall similarity to some specimens from New Foundland is striking, I find that all analyzed Solidago plants from the Azores archipelago differ in their nuclear ITS and ETS sequences plus a number of microsatellite markers from American goldenrods. Furthermore, the historical record suggests existence of goldenrods in the Azores at the time of the arrival of the first settlers and well before Columbus’ first journey. Moreover, large populations were reported from several islands in the 16th century. I conclude that the Azorean plants are native to the Azores and represent a distinct endemic species sharing a common ancestor with S. sempervirens. The Azorean plants represent a geographically isolated, genetically distinct population that is most likely the result of a natural colonization event from the North American coast perhaps via vagrant birds. I reinstate the name S. azorica and describe the morphological differences between S. azorica and S. sempervirens.

scholarly journals Hidden biodiversity in microarthropods (Acari, Oribatida, Eremaeoidea, Caleremaeus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Lienhard ◽  
Günther Krisper
Keyword(s):  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Accurate Identification ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Morphological Evaluation ◽  
Putative Species ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Taxonomic Groups

AbstractA challenge for taxonomists all over the world and across all taxonomic groups is recognizing and delimiting species, and cryptic species are even more challenging. However, an accurate identification is fundamental for all biological studies from ecology to conversation biology. We used a multidisciplinary approach including genetics as well as morphological and ecological data to assess if an easily recognizable, widely distributed and euryoecious mite taxon represents one and the same species. According to phylogenetic (based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes) and species delimitation analyses, five distinct putative species were detected and supported by high genetic distances. These genetic lineages correlate well with ecological data, and each species could be associated to its own (micro)habitat. Subsequently, slight morphological differences were found and provide additional evidence that five different species occur in Central and Southern Europe. The minuteness and the characteristic habitus of Caleremaeus monilipes tempted to neglect potential higher species diversity. This problem might concern several other “well-known” euryoecious microarthropods. Five new species of the genus Caleremaeus are described, namely Caleremaeus mentobellus sp. nov., C. lignophilus sp. nov., C. alpinus sp. nov., C. elevatus sp. nov., and C. hispanicus sp. nov. Additionally, a morphological evaluation of C. monilipes is presented.

scholarly journals Morphometric and meristic character variability and relationships among populations of Boops boops (L.) from four marine stations along the Tunisian coast

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-28
Author(s):  
Mouna Ben Labidi ◽  
Hassen Allaya ◽  
Adel A. Basyouny Shahin ◽  
Jean-Pierre Quignard ◽  
Monia Trabelsi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Morphological Differentiation ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
Tunisian Coast ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Clear Differentiation ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Boops Boops

Abstract The variability of 14 morphometric and seven meristic characters of Boops boops (L.) collected at four stations along the Tunisian coast was examined in 518 samples ranging from 126 to 206 mm in total length and 37 to 78 g in total weight. Statistical analysis of both sets of characters showed significant variation among the four populations in 13 (92.9%) morphometric and four (57.1%) meristic characters. CVA and cluster analysis of the morphometric characters revealed four groups corresponding to four populations, with 95.36% correct classifications of individuals to their populations of origin. However, CVA and cluster analysis of the meristic characters showed a reticulate relationship among the four populations, as there was clear differentiation between those in Monastir and Zarzis and an overlap between those in Bizerte and Kelibia, with only 51.75% of individuals correctly classified to their respective populations. This morphological differentiation among the populations from the four stations was attributed to the differences in the physico-chemical water properties at these stations. However, further studies are needed on the impact of environmental factors and diet at these stations on the morphological population structure of B. boops to better understand the contribution of environmental conditions to morphological variation.

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