Metabolic rate in female European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus): incidence of reproduction

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 731-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Mauget ◽  
Robert Mauget ◽  
Antoine Sempéré
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
First Year ◽  
Lactating Females ◽  
Reproduction Costs ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding

Indirect calorimetry measurements were made continuously over a 2-year period in 10 adult female roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) maintained in outdoor enclosures on ad libitum feeding. Results from adult nonpregnant does revealed no endogenous seasonal rhythm in resting metabolic rate (RMR), in contrast to most cervid species. Throughout the 2 years of our study, RMR (overall mean 4695 ± 65 kJ∙d−1) fluctuated in parallel with variations in body mass. The mass-specific RMR ranged from 221.2 ± 4.8 to 230.7 ± 4.0 kJ∙kg−1∙d−1 (466.0 ± 10.8 to 495.5 ± 9.7 kJ∙kg−0.75∙d−1). Results from pregnant females (five in the first year, four in the second) showed that their energy expenditure increased by 15% during the last 2 months of gestation, in step with the increase in body mass. A 27% increase in RMR was recorded in lactating females during the first month post partum. These results show that in a small-bodied cervid such as the roe deer, reproduction costs are no higher than in other wild herbivores.

Energy expenditure in European roe deer fawns during the suckling period and its relationship with maternal reproductive cost

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 389-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Mauget ◽  
Robert Mauget ◽  
Antoine Sempéré
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Reproductive Cost ◽  
Suckling Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Lactating Females ◽  
Peak Value

We measured energy expenditure by means of indirect calorimetry in European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) fawns at frequent intervals from birth to 45 days of age. Mean resting metabolic rate (RMR) and body mass (BM) did not differ significantly between males (N = 9) and females (N = 14). RMR significantly increased with the fawn age following the equation RMR (kJ·d-1) = 956 + 31.4 age (days). Growth in BM was linear: BM (kg) = 1.565 + 0.135 age (days). Mass-specific RMR decreased from a peak value of ca. 500 kJ·kg-1·d-1 in the first week to 290.4 ± 10.0 kJ·kg-1·d-1 in the sixth week. Concomitant metabolic trials performed with 14 lactating females and their 19 fawns indicated that metabolic weaning began in the third week, when the fawn's energy expenditure became markedly higher than could be compensated for by the mother's milk. Comparison of the energy expenditure of singletons and twins showed that female roe deer are energetically well adapted to nurse two fawns.

Abstract 18749: Body Mass Index, Leptin, and Recovery in Peripartum Cardiomyopathy: Results of the Multicenter IPAC Study

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Esa Davis ◽  
Julie Damp ◽  
Rami Alharethi ◽  
Gregory Ewald ◽  
Michael Givertz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Peptide Hormone ◽  
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy ◽  
Study Entry ◽  
First Year ◽  
Biomarker Analysis ◽  
Lv Remodeling ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: The contribution of obesity and metabolic syndrome to the development of peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) remains unknown. Leptin is a peptide hormone released by adipose tissue which may mediate impact of the obesity on cardiovascular function. We sought to evaluate their effect on myocardial recovery in PPCM in the multicenter Investigation of Pregnancy Associated Cardiomyopathy (IPAC) study. Methods: 100 women with new onset of PPCM were enrolled and serum obtained for biomarker analysis at entry. Myocardial function was assessed by echocardiography at entry, 2 months, 6 months and 12 months postpartum and LVEF calculated at a core lab. Leptin levels were measured by ELISA and the correlation of leptin with body mass index (BMI) and days post-partum evaluated. LVEF over the first year postpartum was compared by BMI at study entry (BMI >30 versus<=) and then compared by of Leptin levels (median). Results: The cohort was 30% black 65% white 5% other,age 30 + 6, mean BMI was 28.9 + 7.4 and LVEF 0.34 + 0.10 at study entry 31 + 25 days post-partum.Compared to those with a BMI<=30 women with a BMI > 30 had a similar LVEF at entry (LVEF BMI>30 vs < : 0.35 + 0.09 vs 0.34 + 0.10, p=0.60), but a lower LVEF at 2 month (0.39 + 0.12 vs 0.45 + 0.12, p=0.02), 6months (0.38 + 0.12 vs 0.53 + 0.09, p=0.02) and 12 months (0.50 + 0.13 vs 0.55 + 0.08, p=0.03). Leptin levels (mean 23.4 + 21.1 ng/ml, median 15.26 ng/ml) correlated with BMI (r=0.57, p<0.001). Higher leptin levels were associated with more remodeling (LVEDD for high/low leptin= 5.8 + 0.7/5.4 + 0.6, p=0.02) at entry and lower LVEF 2months (high/low= 0.40 + 0.12/ 0.46 + 0.11, p=0.02) which persisted at 12 months (high/low= 0.51 + 0.11/0.56 + 0.08, p=0.03). Leptin levels were significantly lower at entry in subjects who subsequently recovered to an LVEF>=0.50 (19.2 + 19.1 vs 31.8 + 22.9, p=0.006), and were higher in diabetics (p=0.01) and in blacks (p=0.03). Conclusions: In women with PPCM, obesity was associated with a lower LVEF at 6 and 12 months. Leptin levels correlated with BMI and were associated with greater LV remodeling at presentation and lower LVEF at 12 months. The impact of obesity and leptin on the development of cardiomyopathy warrants further investigation.

Assessing the intensity of sexual selection on male body mass and antler length in roe deer Capreolus capreolus: is bigger better in a weakly dimorphic species?

Oikos ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 119 (9) ◽  
pp. 1484-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cécile Vanpé ◽  
Jean-Michel Gaillard ◽  
Petter Kjellander ◽  
Olof Liberg ◽  
Daniel Delorme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Male Body ◽  
Dimorphic Species

The ecophysiology of survival in juvenile red kangaroos Macropus rufus: greater demands and higher costs.

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Munn ◽  
TJ Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Energy Turnover ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Risk Of Predation ◽  
Macropus Rufus ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Lactating Females

Red kangaroos (Macropus rufus) are large (> 20 kg) herbivorous marsupials common to the arid and semi-arid regions of inland Australia. The population dynamics of M. rufus is tightly linked to environmental factors, which operate partly through the survival of juveniles. A crucial period is the young-at-foot (YAF) stage when juveniles have permanently left the mother?s pouch. YAF and weaned kangaroos have the highest drought-related mortalities of any cohort and show notable differences from adults in their basic physiology. YAF and weaned M. rufus, for example, had a resting metabolic rate (kJ kg-1 d-1) twice that of mature females and 1.5 times that expected for an adult marsupial of equivalent body mass (i.e., kJ kg-0.75 d-1). This greater energy turnover was largely explained by their metabolic demands for growth; juveniles required 70 - 95% of the digestible energy intake (kJ d-1) of mature, non-lactating females. Meeting these costs may not be a problem for juveniles when high-quality, low-fibre forage is available, but they were constrained when only hard-to-digest, high-fibre forage was available. YAF and weaned kangaroos, for example, were unable to sustain growth on forages of more than 40 ? 50% fibre, fibre levels characteristic of forages in arid regions during drought. Yet mature, non-lactating females were capable of maintaining body mass on similar forage. Additionally, juvenile M. rufus required relatively more water than adults for thermoregulation (by up to 2.5-fold), especially under hot conditions, and may need to drink more frequently than adults. Thus, juveniles appear constrained to remain close to water points, increasing their risk of predation and limiting their ability to find the high-quality forage needed for their growth and survival.

Annual variation in body composition of roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) in moderate environmental conditions

1996 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 245-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. M. Hewison ◽  
J. M. Angibault ◽  
E. Bideau ◽  
J. P. Vincent ◽  
J. Boutin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Capreolus Capreolus ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Marrow Fat ◽  
Bone Marrow Fat ◽  
Kidney Fat ◽  
Fat Level

Patterns of growth and seasonal variation in body mass, kidney fat level, and bone marrow fat level were investigated in a roe deer population south of Paris. Size dimorphism was not apparent until the deer were 2 years of age, following a second period of rapid growth in males during spring–summer. No differences between the sexes in fat accumulation or in the periodicity of the annual fat cycle were observed. However, annual cycles of adult body mass were asynchronous between the sexes. Carcase mass was stable for much of the year, but one marked seasonal decline was observed in animals of each sex. For females (April–August) this reflected investment in late gestation and lactation, but among males (April–November) it was presumably linked to the costs of rutting. Contrary to reports for other ungulates, no over-winter decline in adult carcase mass, kidney fat level, or bone marrow fat level was observed, possibly because winters were mild. All four fat indices (kidney fat index, three bone-marrow fat indices) declined over spring–summer. This seasonal cyclicity does not match the energy requirements of reproductive activity, suggesting that the fat cycle is intrinsic, linked to seasonal metabolic variation in roe deer. We suggest that carcase mass is a more reliable index of condition in roe deer.

Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Resting Metabolic Rate during Pregnancy

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarina Melzer ◽  
Yves Schutz ◽  
Nina Soehnchen ◽  
Veronique Othenin Girard ◽  
Begona Martinez de Tejada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Prepregnancy Body Mass Index

scholarly journals Effects of different types of training on weight loss

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 272-279
Author(s):  
Danijel Slavic ◽  
Dea Karaba-Jakovljevic ◽  
Andrea Zubnar ◽  
Borislav Tapavicki ◽  
Tijana Aleksandric ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Young Male ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Daily Energy Expenditure ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Different Types

Introduction. The difference between 24-hour daily energy intake and total daily energy expenditure determines whether we lose or gain weight. The resting metabolic rate is the major component of daily energy expenditure, which depends on many different factors, but also on the level of physical activity. The aim of the study was to determine anthropometric and metabolic parameters of athletes engaged in different types of training, to compare obtained results and to examine whether there are statistically significant differences among them. Material and Methods. The study included a total of 42 young male athletes divided into two groups. The first group included 21 athletes who were predominantly engaged in aerobic type of training, and the other group of 21 athletes in anaerobic type of training. Anthropometric measurements were taken and resting metabolic rate was assessed using the indirect calorimetry method. The results were statistically analyzed and the differences in parameters between the two groups were compared. Results. Statistically significant differences were established in total body mass, amount of fat-free mass and muscle mass, body mass index, as well as in the relative metabolic indices between two groups of subjects. Conclusion. The percentage of fat-free body mass has the greatest impact on the resting metabolic rate. The rate of metabolic activity of this body compartment is higher in athletes engaged in aerobic than in athletes engaged in anaerobic type of training.

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