Infections of Diphyllobothrium dendriticum, D. ditremum (Cestoda), and Cystidicola farionis (Nematoda) in a north Norwegian population of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) during winter

1994 ◽  
Vol 72 (11) ◽  
pp. 1922-1930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rune Knudsen ◽  
Anders Klemetsen
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Winter Mortality ◽  
Diphyllobothrium Dendriticum ◽  
Norwegian Population ◽  
Residual Stock ◽  
Overwintering Mortality ◽  
Cystidicola Farionis ◽  
High Parasite

Infections of the parasites Diphyllobothrium dendriticum, Diphyllobothrium ditremum, and Cystidicola farionis in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) from Takvatn, northern Norway, were followed throughout a 9-month overwintering period. The relative density of all three parasite species increased with the age of the host in response to ontogenetic shifts in habitat and food of Arctic charr in the lake. Our results indicate that some recruitment of the three parasite species, particularly D. ditremum, takes place during the winter. However, winter parasite recruitment was lower than in the ice-free season. In spite of high parasite infection in some individuals, no strong indications of parasite-induced host winter mortality were found for any of the three species. Low overwintering mortality of heavily parasitized charr may be connected with a stock-reduction program in the lake that has improved the conditions of the fish, and the residual stock is probably less affected by parasites.

Parasite communities in two sympatric morphs of Arctic charr, Salvelinus alpinus (L.), in northern Norway

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (12) ◽  
pp. 2003-2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Knudsen ◽  
R. Kristoffersen ◽  
P.-A. Amundsen
Keyword(s):  
Parasite Species ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Parasite Community ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Northern Norway ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
Habitat Niche ◽  
Dwarf Morph ◽  
Cystidicola Farionis

In this study from Fjellfrøsvatn, an oligotrophic lake in northern Norway, the parasite communities in two sympatric Arctic charr populations were compared. The dwarf morph, which inhabits the profundal zone, exhibited the lowest parasite diversity, seven species, and 72% of these charr harboured only one or two parasite species. In contrast, 10 parasite species were encountered in the larger normal charr, and between 5 and 8 species were present in 73% of these fish, which also utilised a broader food and habitat niche. Proteocephalus sp. was by far the most abundant species in the dwarf charr, probably because this morph fed intensively upon the benthic copepod Acanthocyclops gigas. On the other hand, parasites that are transmitted with littoral benthic prey (i.e., Phyllodistomum umblae, Cyathocephalus truncatus, Cystidicola farionis, and Crepidostomum spp.) were almost absent in the dwarf charr, though they were common in the normal morph. Also, Diphyllobothrium spp. were more prevalent in the normal charr, and this was attributed to their feeding upon limnetic copepods in the pelagic zone. The only recorded parasite with a direct life cycle, the copepod Salmincola edwardsii, had relatively similar abundances in the two morphs. The considerable differences in parasite community structure and abundance between the two charr populations were closely related to differences in the width and composition of the habitat and food niches between the morphs.

Metazoan parasite infections in landlocked and anadromous Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus Linnaeus), and their use as indicators of movement to sea in young anadromous charr

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (10) ◽  
pp. 2478-2485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Bouillon ◽  
J. Brian Dempson
Keyword(s):  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Diphyllobothrium Dendriticum ◽  
Anadromous Arctic Charr ◽  
Seaward Migration ◽  
Parasite Infections

Eighteen genera of metazoan parasites (Monogenea, 1; Digenea, 7; Cestoda, 4; Nematoda, 4; Acanthocephala, 1; Copepoda, 1) were collected from 172 landlocked and anadromous Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus Linnaeus) in northern Labrador. Four species (Lecithaster gibbosus, Diphyllobothrium dendriticum, Diphyllobothrium ditremum, and Salmincola carpionis) and one genus (Tetraonchus) have not previously been reported from Arctic charr in Labrador. The dominant parasites in the landlocked charr were Diplostomum sp., Crepidostomum farionis, and Diphyllobothrium ditremum. In the sea-run charr, Bothrimonus sturionis and Brachyphallus crenatus were dominant. Regression analyses indicated that the numbers of parasites were significantly correlated with host age (P < 0.001) for these species. All landlocked charr sampled were infected with parasites by age 1+ years whereas all sea-run charr were infected by age 3+. At 1+ years, 43% of the Arctic charr collected in the Ikarut River were infected with marine or brackish-water parasites, suggesting that some young charr, not yet ready for the annual seaward migration, may make short feeding excursions into salt water.

Impaired Swimming Performance of Acid-exposed Arctic Charr, Salvelinus Alpinus L.

1988 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A. Hunter ◽  
E. Scherer
Keyword(s):  
Dose Response ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Ventilation Rates

Abstract Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus L.) were exposed to five levels of acidity between pH 6 and pH 3.8. Swimming performance as determined by critical swimming speeds was 67.5 cm · sࢤ1 or 4.4 body lengths per second for untreated fish (pH 7.8). Performance declined sharply below pH 4.5; at pH 3.8 it was reduced by 35% after 7 days of exposure. Tailbeat frequencies and ventilation rates showed no dose-response effects. At swimming speeds between 20 and 50 cm · sࢤ1, ventilation rates at all levels of acidity were higher than at the control level.

scholarly journals A seasonal comparison of trace metal concentrations in the tissues of Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) in Northern Québec, Canada

Ecotoxicology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (9) ◽  
pp. 1327-1346
Author(s):  
Mackenzie Anne Clifford Martyniuk ◽  
Patrice Couture ◽  
Lilian Tran ◽  
Laurie Beaupré ◽  
Nastassia Urien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Metal Concentrations

scholarly journals Genotyping Strategies Using ddRAD Sequencing in Farmed Arctic Charr (Salvelinus alpinus)

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 899
Author(s):  
Fotis Pappas ◽  
Christos Palaiokostas
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
High Coverage ◽  
Genomic Relationships ◽  
Low Coverage

Incorporation of genomic technologies into fish breeding programs is a modern reality, promising substantial advances regarding the accuracy of selection, monitoring the genetic diversity and pedigree record verification. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays are the most commonly used genomic tool, but the investments required make them unsustainable for emerging species, such as Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), where production volume is low. The requirement to genotype a large number of animals for breeding practices necessitates cost effective genotyping approaches. In the current study, we used double digest restriction site-associated DNA (ddRAD) sequencing of either high or low coverage to genotype Arctic charr from the Swedish national breeding program and performed analytical procedures to assess their utility in a range of tasks. SNPs were identified and used for deciphering the genetic structure of the studied population, estimating genomic relationships and implementing an association study for growth-related traits. Missing information and underestimation of heterozygosity in the low coverage set were limiting factors in genetic diversity and genomic relationship analyses, where high coverage performed notably better. On the other hand, the high coverage dataset proved to be valuable when it comes to identifying loci that are associated with phenotypic traits of interest. In general, both genotyping strategies offer sustainable alternatives to hybridization-based genotyping platforms and show potential for applications in aquaculture selective breeding.

Effects of soybean and sunflower meals on the growth, feed utilization, and gene expression in two Canadian strains of juvenile Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus)

Aquaculture ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 481 ◽  
pp. 191-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda A. Smith ◽  
André Dumas ◽  
Rodrigue Yossa ◽  
Kenneth E. Overturf ◽  
Dominique P. Bureau
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Charr ◽  
Feed Utilization
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