The distribution of dragonfly nymphs across a pH gradient in south-central Ontario lakes

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 878-885 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bruce Pollard ◽  
Michael Berrill
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Emergent Vegetation ◽  
Ph Gradient ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
South Central ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Species Shifts ◽  
Dragonfly Nymphs

Exuviae of 37 species of dragonflies were collected from the emergent vegetation of 19 small (<35 ha) lakes across a pH gradient (range 4.9–8.1) in south-central Ontario to assess the effect of low environmental pH on species richness and diversity. The number of species present in a lake was not significantly correlated with lake pH. Two measures of diversity (Keefe and Bergersen's TU and McIntosh's M) indicate an increase in species diversity with decreasing lake pH. Species shifts in the communities were also correlated with lake pH: five species were apparently excluded from lakes with a midsummer epilimnetic pH below 5.8, and seven species were apparently restricted to lakes with a pH of less than 6.2.

scholarly journals Species richness and diversity in shrub savanna using ordinary kriging

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 958-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Pedro Bernardina Batista ◽  
José Márcio de Mello ◽  
Marcel Régis Raimundo ◽  
Henrique Ferraço Scolforo ◽  
Aliny Aparecida dos Reis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Spatial Dependence ◽  
Ordinary Kriging ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
Shannon Diversity Index ◽  
Shannon Diversity ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species

Abstract: The objective of this work was to analyze the spatial distribution and the behavior of species richness and diversity in a shrub savanna fragment, in 2003 and 2014, using ordinary kriging, in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In both evaluation years, the measurements were performed in a fragment with 236.85 hectares, in which individual trees were measured and identified across 40 plots (1,000 m2). Species richness was determined by the total number of species in each plot, and diversity by the Shannon diversity index. For the variogram study, spatial models were fitted and selected. Then, ordinary kriging was applied and the spatial distribution of the assessed variables was described. A strong spatial dependence was observed between species richness and diversity by the Shannon diversity index (<25% spatial dependence degree). Areas of low and high species diversity and richness were found in the shrub savanna fragment. Spatial distribution behavior shows relative stability regarding the number of species and the Shannon diversity index in the evaluated years.

Impacts of Prescribed Fire, Glyphosate, and Seeding on Cogongrass, Species Richness, and Species Diversity in Longleaf Pine

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 536-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen F. Enloe ◽  
Nancy J. Loewenstein ◽  
David W. Held ◽  
Lori Eckhardt ◽  
Dwight K. Lauer
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Herbaceous Species ◽  
Integrated Strategies ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Herbicide Treatments ◽  
Rhizome Biomass

AbstractCogongrass [Imperata cylindrica (L.) Beauv.] is a warm-season, rhizomatous grass native to southeast Asia that has invaded thousands of hectares in the southeastern United States. Its negative impacts on pine forests have been well documented, and aggressive control is widely recommended. Although repeated herbicide treatments are effective for suppression, integrated strategies of prescribed burning coupled with herbicide treatment and revegetation are lacking in pine systems. In particular, longleaf pine forests, which are typically open, fire-dependent, communities, are highly susceptible to cogongrass, which is a pyrogenic species. To address management goals for cogongrass control and herbaceous restoration in longleaf pine forests better, field studies were conducted in southwestern Alabama from 2010 to 2012. Two longleaf pine forests with near-monotypic stands of cogongrass in the understory were selected for study. Treatments included combinations of winter prescribed fire, spring and fall glyphosate herbicide treatments, and seeding a mix of native, herbaceous species. Data were collected for three growing seasons following study initiation, and included seasonal herbaceous species cover and final cogongrass shoot and rhizome biomass. Species richness and diversity were calculated and analyzed to ascertain treatment effects over the duration of the study. Burning slightly improved cogongrass control with glyphosate, but had no effect on total cover, species richness, or species diversity. Three glyphosate treatments reduced total vegetative cover and nearly eliminated cogongrass cover, shoot, and rhizome biomass. Glyphosate and glyphosate + seeding also increased herbaceous species richness and diversity. However, aboveground productivity in treated plots was significantly lower than productivity in the untreated control, which was almost exclusively cogongrass. These studies indicate that glyphosate and integrated strategies utilizing glyphosate and seeding are very useful for cogongrass management and increasing herbaceous species richness and diversity in longleaf pine.

scholarly journals Baseline Assessments of Wildlife Biodiversity Within Selected Areas of Central Visayas, Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
RP Jose ◽  
WA Aureo ◽  
CI Narido ◽  
TD Reyes Jr ◽  
MB Sarnowski
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Natural Park ◽  
Biodiversity Inventories ◽  
Baseline Information ◽  
High Diversity ◽  
Areas Of Protection

A comprehensive inventory of faunal biodiversity was conducted within three Key Biodiversity Areas of Central Visayas. Mt. Bandilaan Natural Park (MBNP), Balinsasayao Twin Lakes Natural Park (BTLNP), and Rajah Sikatuna Protected Landscape (RSPL). Three primary wildlife groups were surveyed: bats, birds and amphibians. Species diversity and population trends were then analyzed to assess areas of biodiversity importance. RSPL generally had the highest species richness and diversity index while MBNP consistently had the lowest. When pooled. The surveyed areas resulted in a high diversity index and rate of endemicity showing the importance of multiple areas of protection. These findings can be utilized to prioritize habitat protection as well as to serve as a baseline information for future biodiversity inventories. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2020, 6(2): 27-34

scholarly journals The variation of bird diversity in various oil palm land cover in North Mamuju, West Sulawesi, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sitti Ramlah ◽  
YANTO SANTOSA ◽  
NYOTO SANTOSO ◽  
SITI BADRIYAH RUSHAYATI
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bird Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
High Species Diversity ◽  
Bird Species Diversity

Abstract. Ramlah S, Santosa Y, Santoso N, Rushayati SB. 2021. The variation of bird diversity in various oil palm land cover in North Mamuju, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3068-3074. The development of oil palm plantations provides various positive impacts. On the other hand, this development is suspected to bring negative impacts on biodiversity, especially reducing bird species diversity. Based on the other research, well-managed oil palm plantations that maintain high conservation value areas have high species diversity. This study aimed to identify bird species diversity in different types of oil palm plantation land covers in North Mamuju. Data observation of bird species was performed using the transect method. There were 4 transects on each land cover. The results of this study showed that the young oil palm area had a high index of diversity and species richness. The high species diversity in the young palm area was caused by habitat variations. There was a water flow that provides more feed sources. The distance between the young oil palm area and secondary forest area affected the number of species, species richness and diversity of bird species. The category of insectivore guild which included aerial insectivores and insectivores was the dominant guild in all types of land cover, both in the number of species and the number of individual abundances.

scholarly journals Tree species richness as the element of structure and diversity in mixed stands of beech and valuable broadleaves

2012 ◽  
pp. 157-172
Author(s):  
Branko Stajic ◽  
Milivoj Vuckovic
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Expected Number ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Tree Species Richness ◽  
Ecological Unit

In our forest science and forest operations, the tree species richness and diversity of woody species in forest stands are most often evaluated based on the total number of tree species, which is a methodologically partly inadequate approach. For this reason, the quantification and the evaluation of diversity of woody species in mixed forests of beech with valuable broadleaves in the area of the National Park ?Djerdap? were analyzed by five different indices of tree species richness: number of species (S index), two indices of the species richness (R1 and R2), expected number of species in the sample with equal numbers of trees (E(S84)), and expected number of species in the sample with equal areas (E(S0,25ha)). The results showed that the level of woody species diversity in forest stands depended on the applied index characterizing the tree species richness. It was concluded that the tree species richness and diversity were the highest in the stands of ecological unit B (E(S84)=8.6 species) and in the stands of ecological unit G (E(S0,25ha)=9.4 species), and they were the lowest in the stands of ecological unit V (E(S84)=5.8 species, E(S0,25ha)=5.5 species).

The helminth community of the skink Chalcides sexlineatus from Gran Canaria (Canary Islands)

2011 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Roca ◽  
M.A. Carretero ◽  
F. Jorge ◽  
A. Perera ◽  
A. Ferrero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Canary Islands ◽  
Parasite Species ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Helminth Community ◽  
Gran Canaria ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminth ◽  
Helminth Communities

AbstractA survey of the gastrointestinal helminth communities of a population of Chalcides sexlineatus Steindachner, a small skink endemic to Gran Canaria island (Canary Archipelago, Spain), was conducted to determine the prevalence, abundance and species diversity of intestinal parasites in these reptiles. Only three parasite species were found, one cestode, Oochoristica agamae Baylis, 1919 and two nematodes, Parapharyngodon micipsae (Seurat, 1917) and Pharyngodonidae gen. sp. Helminth infracommunities of C. sexlineatus showed low values of abundance and species richness and diversity, being more similar to the helminth community of Tarentola boettgeri boettgeri (Steindachner) rather than those of Gallotia stehlini (Schenkel), both syntopic with the sampled host.

scholarly journals Helminth parasitizing Iberolacerta cyreni (Müller et Hellmich, 1937) from Gredos Mountains, Iberian Peninsula

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Vicente Roca
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Helminth Communities

A survey of the helminth communities of a population of Iberolacerta cyreni (Müller et Hellmich, 1937), a small lizard endemic to Sistema Central (Iberian Peninsula), was conducted to determine the prevalence, abundance and species diversity of parasites of these reptiles. Four species of helminths were found, one trematode, Plagiorchis molini Lent et Freitas, 1940, one cestode, Nematotaenia tarentolae López-Neyra, 1944, and two nematodes, Skrjabinelazia sp. and Spauligodon carbonelli Roca & García-Adell, 1988. Helminth infracommunities of I. cireny showed very low values of abundance and species richness and diversity, being similar to other European lizards. The parasites found seem to have no influence on the conservation status of the host species in its natural habitat .

scholarly journals The abundance and diversity of grasshopper communities in relation to elevation and land use in Malang, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin Setyo Leksono ◽  
Bagyo Yanuwiadi ◽  
Aminudin Afandhi ◽  
MOHAMMAD FARHAN ◽  
Anisa Zairina
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Altitudinal Gradient ◽  
Landsat Imagery ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Grasshopper Species ◽  
Species Richness And Diversity ◽  
Abundance And Diversity

Abstract. Leksono AS, Yanuwiadi B, Afandhi A, Farhan M, Zairina A. 2020. The abundance and diversity of grasshopper communities in relation to elevation and land use in Malang, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 5614-5620. Ecological factors include interactions of the community members with numerous biotic and abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity, precipitation, light intensity, and seasonality show an altitudinal gradient. Most grasshopper species play a role as herbivores and are a good source of protein for other animals such as amphibians, small reptiles, birds, and small mammals. This study aimed to analyze variations in the abundance, richness, and diversity of grasshopper species along an altitudinal gradient. This research was conducted in five locations in Malang District, East Java, Indonesia, namely Bantur, Sumber Pujung Lawang, Pujon, and Poncokusumo. Grasshopper sampling was carried out by the sweeping method using an insect net. Sweepings were carried out on four plots with each plot size of 2 x 10 m2. Sampling was conducted four times from June to August 2020. The data were analyzed using the Shannon Wiener index (diversity analysis) and the Bray-Curtis index. The differences between locations were tested by one-way analysis of variance. Land use was analyzed by ArcGIS, using Landsat imagery 8. The abundance of grasshoppers had a significant negative correlation with elevation. That correlation was positive to species richness and diversity of grasshoppers. That with species diversity was significant, while that with species richness was not significant. The greatest abundance of the grasshopper was found in the middle elevation in Lawang (19.39 ± 2.12). In contrast, the highest species richness and diversity were found in the highest elevation in Poncokusumo (richness = 15.75 ± 1.60 and H '= 2.58 ± 0.11). Land use variation was not significant on abundance, species, richness, and diversity of grasshoppers. Interestingly, the high similarity of the grasshopper compositions in low elevation habitats was detected, indicating that land use in the low land area was remarkable. The abundance of grasshopper had a significant positive correlation with temperature but negatively correlated with humidity. There was no significant correlation among species richness, species diversity with temperature and humidity.

scholarly journals Communities of epigeic beetles in tree line from montane spruce forest to secondary meadow in the different stage of the forest decline in the area of Modrava (Bohemian forest, Czech Republic)

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-349
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Boháč ◽  
Karel Matějka
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Coarse Woody Debris ◽  
Woody Debris ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Statistical Testing ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
Epigeic Beetles

Abstract Communities of epigeic beetles were studied using pitfall trapping on 10 plots with the different stage of decline and clear-cut plots without coarse woody debris. Species richness (number of all species, S), total species diversity as the Shannon-Wiener’s index (H) and equitability (e) were calculated in the DBreleve. The Ward’s method of hierarchical agglomerative classification with Euclidean distance was used for the differentiation of the communities on the plots. Species data for this analyse were represented by logarithm-transformed activities [log(x+1)]. The single-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used for statistical testing of differences in structural parameters (e.g. species richness and diversity) amongst distinguished groups of the plots. The species diversity and activity differs on glades without trees and coarse woody debris. The highest number of species was found in clear-cut areas. The lowest number of species was found on the plots with the living forest particularly invaded by bark beetle. This fact is caused by the fact that the clear-cut plots are invaded by ubiquitous and anthropotolerant species with good migration possibilities. These species are adapted to habitats without trees and are able to leave even in the habitats with very sparse or without vegetation. Species living in the forest even under the bark beetle attack are often stenotopic and adapted to the forest microclimate (higher humidity and low average temperature). These species are very sensitive to great difference in the daily changes of microclimate. The study of beetle communities support the hypothesis that the keeping of dead tree stands on plots after bark beetle outbreak is better for biodiversity conservation than the cutting down of trees and the abolishment of stems.

scholarly journals Tree Species Diversity in Secondary Forest of Visayas State University Forest Reservation, Philippines

2007 ◽  
Vol 07 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Anatolio Polinar ◽  
◽  
Uwe Muuss ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
State University ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Family

The study was conducted to determine species diversity and similarity within a two-hectare secondary forest of the Visayas State University forest reservation. The diversity value of trees ranged from 3.09 - 4.53. Results of the study indicate that the middle layer of both blocks was observed as the most luxuriant among all layers. A total of 173 species in 113 genera and 51 families; and 92 species, in 69 genera and 37 families were recorded in the middle layer of Block 1 and Block 2, respectively. The genus Ficus of the family Moraceae was identified as the most highly represented in terms of species in both blocks. Moreover, results of the study show that species richness increased within an increasing area but with a decreasing number of species. As to species similarities, it was discovered that 28% of the identified specieds are common to both blocks.

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