In vitro cultivation of the vascular phase of Sarcocystis hirsuta (Apicomplexa)

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (5) ◽  
pp. 1068-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Cawthorn ◽  
R. J. F. Markham ◽  
N. D. Hitt ◽  
D. Despres
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Sarcocystis Hirsuta

Sporozoites of Sarcocystis hirsuta (Apicomplexa), although they also penetrated into bovine monocytes, developed to the schizogonous phase only in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Schizonts were evident beginning 14 days after sporozoite inoculation (DAI) and persisted to 62 DAI, when experiments were terminated. Merozoites and schizonts were most numerous 35–53 DAI. The number of schizogonous generations was not determined. In vitro cultivation of schizonts of S. hirsuta will facilitate comparisons with development of S. cruzi, and this will aid elucidation of mechanisms of pathogenesis and immunologic responses caused by these two important cattle parasites.

Beta3-adrenergic stimulation restores endothelial mitochondrial dynamics and prevents pulmonary arterial hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Oliver ◽  
S.F Rocha ◽  
M Spaczynska ◽  
D.V Lalama ◽  
M Gomez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Mitochondrial Dynamics ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Funding Source ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Abstract Background Endothelial dysfunction is one of the most important hallmarks of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). This leads to anomalous production of vasoactive mediators that are responsible for a higher vascular tone and a subsequent increase in pulmonary artery pressure (PAP), and to an increased vascular permeability that favors perivascular inflammation and remodeling, thus worsening the disease. Therefore, preservation of the endothelial barrier could become a relevant therapeutic strategy. Purpose In previous studies, others and we have suggested the pharmacological activation of the β3-adrenergic receptor (AR) as a potential therapeutic strategy for pulmonary hypertension (PH) due to left heart disease. However, its potential use in other forms of PH remain unclear. The aim of the present study was to elucidate whether the β3-AR agonist mirabegron could preserve pulmonary endothelium function and be a potential new therapy in PAH. Methods For this purpose, we have evaluated the effect of mirabegron (2 and 10 mg/kg·day) in different animal models, including the monocrotaline and the hypoxia-induced PAH models in rats and mice, respectively. Additionally, we have used a transgenic mouse model with endothelial overexpression of human β3-AR in a knockout background, and performed in vitro experiments with human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) for mechanistic experiments. Results Our results show a dose dependent effect of mirabegron in reducing mean PAP and Right Ventricular Systolic Pressure in both mice and rats. In addition, the use of transgenic mice has allowed us to determine that pulmonary endothelial cells are key mediators of the beneficial role of β3-AR pathway in ameliorating PAH. Mechanistically, we have shown in vitro that activation of β3-AR with mirabegron protects HPAECs from hypoxia-induced ROS production and mitochondrial fragmentation by restoring mitochondrial fission/fusion dynamics. Conclusions This protective effect of mirabegron would lead to endothelium integrity and preserved pulmonary endothelial function, which are necessary for a correct vasodilation, avoiding increased permeability and remodeling. Altogether, the current study demonstrates a beneficial effect of the β3-AR agonist mirabegron that could open new therapeutic avenues in PAH. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): Programa de Atracciόn de Talento, Comunidad de Madrid

High-pressure pulsation of central and microvessel pulmonary artery endothelial cells

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (2) ◽  
pp. C338-C343 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rabinovitch ◽  
T. Bothwell ◽  
M. Mullen ◽  
B. N. Hayakawa
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
External Diameter ◽  
Microcarrier Beads ◽  
Central Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Quartz Transducer

We developed an in vitro method of pulsating central and microvessel pulmonary artery endothelial cells that would allow us to study the effects of increased distending pressures over a prolonged period of time. Preservation of the contact-inhibited monolayer was assessed on phase contrast microscopy and, in addition, scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM, TEM) were used to determine whether there were alterations in the surface characteristics or intracytoplasmic organelles that suggested cellular damage. The cells used were obtained from Rambouillet lambs, age 3-5 days, anesthetized with halothane and ventilated. The endothelium was harvested from the central pulmonary artery (CPA) by scraping the luminal surface and from the microvessels (MPA) by infusing microcarrier beads 40-140 microns external diameter. After the second passage in culture, the cells were seeded onto the translucent, flexible polyvinylchloride membrane of a transducer dome and grown to confluence. The cell dome was then connected to a blank dome with an attached quartz transducer, to a reservoir, and to stainless steel bellows tubing, all filled with culture medium and affixed to a pulsation generator. By varying the height of the reservoir, the amplitude of excursion of the bellows tubing, and the rate, the cells could be pulsated at a given distending pressure and frequency. Confluent CPA endothelial cells from three lambs and MPA cells from two others were studied after pulsation at both 100/60 and 20/10 mmHg, 60 times/min for 48 h and after nonpulsation. On phase contrast light microscopy and on SEM, the cells remained confluent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ultrastructural changes in bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells exposed to 80% O2 in vitro

In Vitro ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 714-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheu-Ling Lee ◽  
William H. J. Douglas ◽  
Susan M. Deneke ◽  
Barry L. Fanburg
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes

Ultrastructural changes of bovine pulmonary artery endothelial cells irradiated in vitro with a 137Cs source

1983 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheu-Ling Lee ◽  
William H.J. Douglas ◽  
Peck-Sun Lin ◽  
Barry L Fanburg
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
137Cs Source

Assessment of cytocompatibility and mechanical properties of detergent-decellularized ovine pericardial tissue

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 628-635
Author(s):  
Alexandru Mogaldea ◽  
Karolina Theodoridis ◽  
Tobias Goecke ◽  
Igor Tudorache ◽  
Axel Haverich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Fluorescent Microscopy ◽  
Burst Pressure ◽  
In Vitro Cultivation ◽  
Detergent Treatment ◽  
Decellularized Tissue ◽  
Retention Strength

Background: Autologous pericardium is widely used for the repair of different sized cardiovascular defects. However, its use is limited especially in redo cardiac surgery. We developed an engineered tissue based on decellularized pericardium reseeded with blood-derived endothelial cells. Materials and Methods: Decellularization of ovine pericardium was performed using detergent treatment. Ovine outgrowth blood-derived and green fluorescent protein–labeled endothelial cells were used to reseed the decellularized ovine pericardium on the mesothelial side. The cell adhesion was assessed using fluorescent microscopy up to 15 days of in vitro cultivation. The mechanical properties of the pericardium were evaluated using suturability, burst pressure, and suture retention strength tests. Results: After decellularization the pericardial sheets appeared cell-free and repopulation using ovine blood-derived endothelial cells was successful by forming a robust monolayer. Detergent treatment did not affect the extracellular matrix. The thickness of decellularized tissue was similar to native ovine pericardium (285.3 ± 28.2 µm, respective 276.9 ± 23.8 µm, p = 0.48). Decellularized patch showed similar suturability comparable to the native ovine pericardium. Resulted burst pressure was not significantly different (native/decellularized: 312.5 ± 13.6/304.2 ± 16, p = 0.35). The suture retention strength of native pericardium was 638.33 ± 90.2 gr and comparable to decellularized tissue (622.2 ± 89.9 gr, p = 0.76). No differences were observed concerning elongation of native and decellularized pericardium (8.33 ± 1.5 and 8.5 ± 0.84 mm, respectively; p = 0.82). Conclusion: Mesothelial surface of decellularized ovine pericardium is suitable for reseeding with ovine blood-derived endothelial cells. The mechanical properties of detergent-treated pericardium were comparable to native tissue.

scholarly journals Infection kinetics, prostacyclin release and cytokine-mediated modulation of the mechanism of cell death during bluetongue virus infection of cultured ovine and bovine pulmonary artery and lung microvascular endothelial cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. DeMaula ◽  
Mark A. Jutila ◽  
Dennis W. Wilson ◽  
N. James MacLachlan
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Bluetongue Virus ◽  
Infected Sheep ◽  
The Other ◽  
Microvascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Bluetongue Disease ◽  
Haemorrhagic Disease

Bluetongue virus (BTV) infection causes a haemorrhagic disease in sheep, whereas BTV infection typically is asymptomatic in cattle. Injury to the endothelium of small blood vessels is responsible for the manifestations of disease in BTV-infected sheep. The lungs are central to the pathogenesis of BTV infection of ruminants; thus endothelial cells (ECs) cultured from the pulmonary artery and lung microvasculature of sheep and cattle were used to investigate the basis for the disparate expression of bluetongue disease in the two species. Ovine and bovine microvascular ECs infected at low multiplicity with partially purified BTV were equally susceptible to BTV-induced cell death, yet ovine microvascular ECs had a lower incidence of infection and produced significantly less virus than did bovine microvascular ECs. Importantly, the relative proportions of apoptotic and necrotic cells were significantly different in BTV-infected EC cultures depending on the species of EC origin and the presence of inflammatory mediators in the virus inoculum. Furthermore, BTV-infected ovine lung microvascular ECs released markedly less prostacyclin than the other types of ECs. Results of these in vitro studies are consistent with the marked pulmonary oedema and microvascular thrombosis that characterize bluetongue disease of sheep but which rarely, if ever, occur in BTV-infected cattle.

The injury effect of oxygen free radicals in vitro on cultured pulmonary artery endothelial cells from broilers

2007 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jia-Qiang Pan ◽  
Jin-Chun Li ◽  
Xun Tan ◽  
Wei-Dong Sun ◽  
Jin-Yong Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Pulmonary Artery ◽  
Oxygen Free Radicals ◽  
Effect Of Oxygen
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