Parelaphostrongylus andersoni (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae) in caribou (Rangifer tarandus) of northern and central Canada

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1966-1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray W. Lankester ◽  
P. Lynn Hauta
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Neurologic Disease ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Caribou ◽  
Central Canada ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
First Time ◽  
Improved Methods

Woodland (Rangifer tarandus caribou) and barren ground (R. t. groenlandicum) caribou are reported for the first time as hosts of Parelaphostrongylus andersoni, greatly extending the known geographic range of this muscle nematode. Up to 56% of caribou in the Beverly herd, central Northwest Territories, passed dorsal-spined first-stage larvae in their feces. Animals less than 3 years old were more frequently infected and passed greater numbers of larvae than older animals. Larval output in winter and spring did not differ. Adults of the four elaphostrongyline nematodes known to occur in caribou are distinguished by their location in the host, the size of the worms, and the size and morphology of the male copulatory structures. There is an urgent need for tested and improved methods of differentiating larvae of P. andersoni and other elaphostrongyline nematodes from those of P. tenuis that cause neurologic disease in various North American cervids. Demonstration of the occurrence of P. andersoni in Rangifer sp. in North America raises the possibility that it originated in Eurasian cervids and may still occur in the Old World.

Identification and morphology of the aecial state of Pucciniastrum sparsum in northwestern Canada

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-435
Author(s):  
Y. Hiratsuka
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
First Time

From inoculation experiments and morphological examinations, the aecial state of Pucciniastrum sparsum (Wint.) E. Fisch. (= Thekopsora sparsa (Wint.) Magn.) has been identified for the first time in North America from specimens collected in the Northwest Territories and the Yukon Territory. Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, P. mariana (Mill.) BSP., and P. pungens Engelm. (from inoculation only) are reported as new hosts of this fungus. An expanded description of the spermogonia and aecia of the fungus is given.

Gastrointestinal helminths of woodland and barren ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus) in Canada, with keys to species

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (9) ◽  
pp. 2253-2269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Fruetel ◽  
Murray W. Lankester
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematodes ◽  
Gastrointestinal Helminths ◽  
Dictyocaulus Viviparus ◽  
Parasitic Helminths ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Barren Ground ◽  
First Time ◽  
Common Parasite

A total of 21 species of parasitic helminths was recovered from wild and captive caribou. Gastrointestinal nematodes were represented by eight species of Ostertagiinae, four species of Nematodirinae, Trichostrongylus axei, T. vitrinus, Oesophagostomum venulosum, Trichuris ovis, Skrjabinema sp., and Capillaria sp. Other helminths included Dictyocaulus viviparus, Setaria yehi, and Moniezia sp. Nematodirus odocoilei, a common parasite of Odocoileus spp. is reported from caribou for the first time. Ostertagia leptospicularis is reported from North America for the first time. Illustrations and diagnostic keys are provided for the eggs, infective larvae, and adults of the gastrointestinal nematodes recovered from caribou.

scholarly journals SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY, SEROLOGY, AND PARASITOLOGY OF BOREAL CARIBOU (RANGIFER TARANDUS CARIBOU ) IN THE NORTHWEST TERRITORIES, CANADA

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1096-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Johnson ◽  
N. Jane Harms ◽  
Nicholas C. Larter ◽  
Brett T. Elkin ◽  
Henry Tabel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Serum Biochemistry ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Caribou ◽  
Boreal Caribou

scholarly journals No broad decline of breeding monarch butterflies in North America: implications for conservation efforts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew K Davis ◽  
Michael S Crossley ◽  
Matthew K Moran ◽  
Jeffrey Glassberg ◽  
William E Snyder
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Habitat Restoration ◽  
Danaus Plexippus ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Flagship Species ◽  
Monarch Butterflies ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
First Time

Many insects are in clear decline, with monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) drawing particular attention as a flagship species. Falling numbers of overwintering monarchs are well documented, but there has been debate regarding population trends of summer breeding populations. Here, we compile a series of long-term monarch monitoring datasets, some which are analyzed here for the first time, that reveal highly variable responses across the migratory geographic range, but no broad net decline in numbers of breeding monarchs. We also did not find evidence that sampling biased towards natural sites was masking declines at disturbed sites. Overall, our results suggest a robust resiliency in summer populations that thus far has allowed recovery from losses during the winter. Thus, monarchs may not require as much breeding habitat restoration as once thought, and focus should be on conserving the fall and spring migration.

Fascioloides magna (Bassi, 1875) Ward, 1917 (Trematoda) in woodland caribou, Rangifer tarandus caribou (Gmelin), of northeastern Quebec, and its distribution in wild ungulates in Canada

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. P. E. Choquette ◽  
G. G. Gibson ◽  
B. Simard
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Caribou ◽  
Wild Ungulates ◽  
Woodland Caribou ◽  
New Host ◽  
Fascioloides Magna ◽  
First Time

Fascioloides magna (Bassi, 1875) Ward, 1917 was found in a new host, woodland caribou, Rangifer tarandus caribou (Gmelin), for the first time in Quebec, in eastern Ungava. The distribution of F. magna in wild ungulates in Canada is reviewed.

Synlophe of Nematodirus odocoilei (Trichostrongyloidea) from deer and caribou in North America with comments on the evolution of Nematodirus spp. among the Cervidae (Artiodactyla)

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 1489-1494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric P. Hoberg ◽  
Michael Fruetel ◽  
Lora G. Rickard
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Host Switching ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Caribou ◽  
Woodland Caribou ◽  
Caudal Extremity ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Host Parasite

The synlophe for specimens of Nematodirus odocoilei from deer (Odocoileus hemionus) and woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) is characterized. In the cervical region, at the level of the cervical papillae, there are 36–42 and 38–47 ridges of variable height in males and females, respectively. Sixteen ridges extend to the cephalic expansion. In males, 34–40 ridges occur at midbody, and the synlophe extends posteriad to within 50 μm of the prebursal papillae. In females, 36–42 ridges occur at midbody; the maximum number of ridges occurs posterior to the vulva (50) with a decrease again posteriad. The synlophe is continuous and extends to the caudal extremity of females. Based on concepts of parasite–host biogeography, both host switching and coevolution appear as determinants in the relationships of Nematodirus spp. and cervids. An evaluation of parasite morphology and host–parasite biogeography suggests that in the plesiomorphic condition the synlophe is composed of a high number of ridges as exemplified by Nematodirus spp. from cervids and neotropical camelids.

Pleistocene mammals from Lost Chicken Creek, Alaska

1980 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. R. Harington
Keyword(s):  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Caribou ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Mining Site ◽  
Extinct Species ◽  
Equus Asinus ◽  
Wild Ass ◽  
Pleistocene Mammals ◽  
First Time

Ten species of Pleistocene mammals are represented in a collection of fossils from a placer mining site at Lost Chicken Creek. Among these are four extinct species, an extinct subspecies, two species now extinct in the region, and three species that still occupy the area. Bison crassicornis (large-horned bison), Equus (Asinus) lambei (Yukon wild ass), and Rangifer tarandus (caribou) remains are commonest. Equus (Asinus) cf. kiang (kiang-like wild ass) is recorded for the first time from Alaska.These mammals seem to have occupied a cool steppe-like grassland during late Wisconsin time. Bones of horse, wapiti, bison, and helmeted muskox (Symbos) have yielded radiocarbon dates between 27 000 and 10 000 years BP. The dated bison bone was modified by man, indicating that people were present, and probably hunting and butchering bison, in easternmost Alaska at the close of the Wisconsin glaciation.

scholarly journals Protostrongylid nematodes in caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou) and moose (Alces alces) of Newfoundland

Rangifer ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray W. Lankester ◽  
David Fong
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disease ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Alces Alces ◽  
Neurologic Disease ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Caribou ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Avalon Peninsula ◽  
Terrestrial Gastropod

Two species of protostrongylid nematodes with dorsal-spined, first-stage larvae, are present in caribou and moose of Newfoundland. Elaphostrongyius rangiferi Mitskevich, 1958, a parasite introduced from Scandinavia, causes periodic epizootics of a severe neurological disease in caribou. Sick animals exhibiting signs of cerebrospinal elaphostrongylosis (CSE) were particularly noticeable in central Newfoundland each winter between 1981 and 1985. Those collected for examinarion were mostly male calves. The disease again became prominent in caribou on the Avalon Peninsula in the winters of 1996 and 1997; it may have spread to that isolated part of the province as recently as 1990. E. rangiferi was also found in moose but no cases of neurologic disease have been reported in this host. Parelapbostrongylus andersoni Prestwood, 1972, was found in caribou, both in central Newfoundland and on the Avalon Peninsula. Moose may also be infected. Of 1407 terrestrial gastropod intermediate hosts examined, 9 (0.6%) contained infective, third-stage, protostrongylid larvae resembling those of E. rangiferi and P. andersoni which are indistinguishable. The small dark slug, Deroceras laeve, dominated gastropod collections and was the only species infected.

scholarly journals Biochronology and biogeography of Paradaphoenus (Carnivora: Amphicyonidae) within the Great Plains Region of North America

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clint A Boyd ◽  
Ed Welsh
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
North Dakota ◽  
Great Plains ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Single Specimen ◽  
Local Fauna ◽  
White River ◽  
The Common ◽  
Size And Morphology

The amphicyonid, or “bear-dog,” Paradaphoenus was a small-bodied, hypercarnivorous carnivoran that lived in North America during the Oligocene. Specimens of Paradaphoenus are rare, in part owing to the common inaccurate referral of specimens to the abundant canid Hesperocyon, which was similar in size and morphology. Four new specimens of Paradaphoenus are noted from North Dakota and South Dakota that expand the geographic range of this taxon within the Great Plains region of North America and expand our knowledge of its anatomy. A single specimen from either a transitional Orellan/Whitneyan or early Whitneyan fauna in the Little Badlands area of North Dakota is referred to Paradaphoenus minimus. That taxon is elsewhere restricted to Orellan faunae, making that specimen the youngest occurrence of P. minimus yet recognized. The remaining specimens are from two early Whitneyan faunas, the Cedar Pass local fauna in South Dakota and a new locality within the Little Badlands area of North Dakota, and are referred to Paradaphoenus tooheyi. These discoveries highlight the difficulties of elucidating the biostratigraphic and biogeographic distributions of relatively rare taxa within the White River Chronofauna given the propensity for many specimen identifications to be biased in favor of more abundant, well-known taxa.

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