External ultrastructure of sensilla on the antennal flagellum of a female black fly, Simulium arcticum (Diptera: Simuliidae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 1425-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Shipp ◽  
J. F. Sutcliffe ◽  
E. G. Kokko
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antennal Sensilla ◽  
Black Fly ◽  
Antennal Flagellum

The distribution, relative abundance, and external ultrastructure of the antennal flagellar spines, hairs, and pegs of female Simulium arcticum (IIL-3) and (IIS-10.11) are described. Five types of sensilla were found; two are probably contact chemosensilla, with one type at the flagellar tip and the other type on the general flagellar surface, and the three others are probably olfactory sensillae, also on the flagellar surface. Results from this study are compared with those of previous studies of black fly antennal sensilla.

Fine structure of antennal sensilla of the female sphinx moth, Manduca sexta (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae). II. Auriculate, coeloconic, and styliform complex sensilla

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 302-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
VDC Shields ◽  
J G Hildebrand
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Manduca Sexta ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sensory Cells ◽  
Antennal Sensilla ◽  
Antennal Flagellum ◽  
Basiconic Sensilla ◽  
Female Antenna

The antennal flagellum of the female sphinx moth, Manduca sexta, bears eight types of sensilla: two trichoid, two basiconic, one auriculate, two coeloconic, and one styliform complex. We previously described the fine structure of the trichoid and basiconic sensilla (Shields and Hildebrand 1999). In this paper, we describe one type of auriculate, two types of coeloconic, and one type of styliform complex sensilla. The auriculate (ear- or spoon-shaped) sensillum is a small peg that averages 4 µm in length, is innervated by two bipolar sensory cells, and has structural features characteristic of an insect olfactory sensillum. Each of the two types of coeloconic sensilla is a small peg that averages 2 µm in length and is recessed in a cuticular pit. One type of coeloconic sensillum is innervated by five bipolar sensory cells and has structural features characteristic of an insect olfactory sensillum or olfactory-thermosensillum, while the other is innervated by three bipolar sensory cells and has structural features characteristic of an insect thermo-hygrosensillum. The styliform complex sensillum is a large peg that averages 38-40 µm in length and is formed by several contiguous sensilla, the number of which depends on the location of the peg on the flagellum. Each unit of the styliform complex sensillum is innervated by three bipolar sensory cells and has structural features characteristic of a thermo-hygrosensillum. We also ascertained the number and distribution of each of the eight types of sensilla on a single flagellomere (annulus) about midway along the flagellum of a female antenna. A total of 2216 sensilla were found on the dorsal, ventral, and leading surfaces of that annulus.

In vitro measurements of the competitive interactions between two saprobic basidiomycetes on Typha latifolia

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (11) ◽  
pp. 1523-1527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Schulz ◽  
James F. Cahill, ◽  
Randolph S. Currah
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Typha Latifolia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
In Vitro Measurements ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Leaf Segments

Psathyrella typhae (Kalchbr.) Pearson & Dennis forms small basidiomata (mushrooms) and Sclerotium hydrophilum Saccardo in Rothert numerous minute sclerotia at the base of senescent shoots of Typha latifolia L. To assess how the two might compete in nature, isolates of these fungi were paired on autoclaved leaf segments of T. latifolia and incubated at 15 and 25 °C. The relative abundance of each species in the segments was determined by macerating the leaf tissues and then transferring fragments of macerate to microplates containing two types of media: one conclusively demonstrated the presence of P. typhae while the other demonstrated the presence of S. hydrophilum. Relative numbers of microplate wells showing positive reactions for each species on each medium indicated the proportion of the segment occupied following single and paired inoculations. These data demonstrated that competition was asymmetric, with P. typhae the stronger competitor at both temperatures, and uninhibited by the presence of S. hydrophilum. In contrast, S. hydrophilum was competitively excluded by P. typhae.

The study on antennal sensilla of eight Acrididae species  (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) in Northeast China

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1544 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
NA LI ◽  
BING-ZHONG REN ◽  
MIAO LIU
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Northeast China ◽  
The Other ◽  
Antennal Sensilla ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Trichoid Sensilla ◽  
Basiconic Sensilla ◽  
Scanning Electron

The types, numbers and distributions of antennal sensilla were studied in both male and female adults of eight Acrididae species in Northeast China using scanning electron microscope (SEM). Totally, there were thirteen types of sensilla found on the antennae. They were identified as trichoid sensilla (I, II), chaetic sensilla (I, II), basiconic sensilla (I, II, III, IV, V), cavity sensilla, coeloconic sensilla, boehm's bristles and paddle-shaped sensilla. The types of antennal sensilla in each Acrididae species ranged from nine to twelve. Each of the species had the same types of antennal sensilla in male and female, and males had more abundant basiconic sensilla, chaetic sensilla, coeloconic sensilla, cavity sensilla than females. Acrida cinerca had the largest total numbers of sensilla, and Euthystria lueifemora had the fewest. Boehm's bristles had a concentration in the base of the pedicel. Paddle-shaped sensilla had a concentration in the base of the scape. There were significant differences in the distribution of the other eleven types of sensilla.

Mass Spectra of Some Carbamates and Related Ureas. II

1968 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
W R Benson ◽  
J N Damico
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Data ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Mass Spectra ◽  
The Other ◽  
Methyl Isocyanate ◽  
Mass Spectral Data ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Fragmentation Patterns ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Abstract Mass spectral data for fourteen carbamates, live dithiocarbamates, one thiocarbamate, and eight phenylureas are given with some interpretations. Among the compounds examined were some sulfur-containing aliphatic oxime carbamates; these lost the sulfur moieties more easily than the methyl isocyanate moiety. In the aryl IV-methylcarbamate series, the CH3NCO moiety appears to be lost most easily, as it is in pyrolysis. When l-(2-chlorophenyI)-3- methylurea is fragmented, unexpectedly the [HNC0]+ ion is found in high relative abundance. However, the remaining ureas undergo fragmentation in a manner similar to their related carbamates. Although the two ethylene bisdithiocarbamates give essentially identical fragmentation patterns, the spectra of the other four thio- and dithiocarbamates show sufficient differences so that they may be distinguished from one another.

A new species of the genus Hypogastrura from coastal wetlands of East China (Collembola: Hypogastruridae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1630 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIGANG JIANG ◽  
BOPING TANG ◽  
JIAN-XIU CHEN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Coastal Wetlands ◽  
The Other ◽  
East China ◽  
Similar Species ◽  
Antennal Sensilla ◽  
Foot Structure ◽  
Thoracic And Abdominal ◽  
A New Species

A new species, Hypogastrura sheyangensis, from East China is described. It belongs to H. manubrialis group of species within the genus and is easily separated from the other members of the group by a combination of characters, foot structure, furca, antennal sensilla, thoracic and abdominal chaetotaxy. A comparison is made between the new species, other species of Hypogastrura known from China and three other similar species in the genus.

Étude des relations entre les communautés piscicoles et les différents habitats d'une rivière nordique: notion d'habitat optimal

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3344-3352
Author(s):  
Louise Savard ◽  
Guy Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Northern Pike ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Coregonus Clupeaformis ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Linkage Cluster ◽  
Complete Linkage Cluster ◽  
Satellite Species

A complete linkage cluster analysis using the physical characteristics of the sampling sites has revealed the existence of five groups corresponding to five habitat types nonequally distributed in a northern Quebec river. According to the results of discriminant analysis using the relative abundance of the fish species present, these habitats support populations which differ by the relative abundance of species and not by the presence or absence of some particular species. A habitat is first characterized by a species living preferentially in this habitat, then by the other species inhabiting the area in an opportunistic way, and finally by some satellite species which do not seem to have any marked requirements. A habitat is considered as optimal for a species first if this species inhabits this area preferentially to others and secondly if this use is more advantageous for growth or condition factor. This seems to be confirmed for two of the most abundant species, northern pike (Esox lucius) and lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), both of which have a higher condition factor and a better growth in the part of the river where their optimal habitat is more frequently found.

scholarly journals Differentiation of two distinct K conductances in the basolateral membrane of turtle colon.

1986 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
W J Germann ◽  
M E Lowy ◽  
S A Ernst ◽  
D C Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Ion Selectivity ◽  
Basolateral Membrane ◽  
The Other ◽  
Tracer Kinetics ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
K Channels ◽  
Cell Layers ◽  
Different Populations

The K conductance of the basolateral membrane of turtle colon was measured in amphotericin-treated cell layers under a variety of ionic conditions. Changing the composition of the bathing solutions changed not only the magnitude but also the physical properties of the basolateral K conductance. The results are consistent with the notion that altered ionic environments can lead to changes in the relative abundance of two different populations of K channels in the basolateral membrane, which can be differentiated on the basis of pharmacological specificity, ion selectivity, and tracer kinetics. In the following article (Germann, W. J., S. A. Ernst, and D. C. Dawson, 1986, Journal of General Physiology, 88:253-274), we present evidence consistent with the hypothesis that one of these conductances was due to the same channels that give rise to the normal resting basolateral K conductance of the transporting cells, while the other was associated with experimental maneuvers that led to extreme swelling of the epithelial cells.

Studies on the habits of Zebu cattle V. Night paddocking and its effect on the animal

1956 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. Harker ◽  
J. I. Taylor ◽  
D. H. L. Rollinson
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Free Grazing

The results of 8 days' observations with ten animals, under both free-grazing and night-paddock systems, are given. These results are discussed in relation to changes in the food consumption of the animals. The indications are that when the animals are on rough grazing, the pattern of behaviour is not influenced by the night-paddocking system, but that the food consumption of the animals is affected by the relative abundance of herbage in the day and night enclosures. In this trial one comparison shows a significant reduction in average ruminating times by 1 hr. without any effect on the grazing time, when the herbage was scarce in the night paddock; and in the other comparison, when there was more herbage in the night paddock than in the day paddock, the food consumption, as indicated by the ruminating times, was unaffected, but at the same time the animals needed to graze 1 hr. more under the free-grazing conditions than under the night-paddocking system.

Insect Infestation associated with French shelled Walnuts with particular Reference to the Occurrence of Aphomia gularis (Zell.) (Lep., Galleriidae)

1960 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 711-716 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. G. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Plodia Interpunctella ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oryzaephilus Surinamensis ◽  
Insect Infestation ◽  
General Application ◽  
Dried Fruit

Walnuts grown and shelled in the Dordogne and adjacent regions of France are exported to Britain and other countries. The inspection of cargoes arriving at Liverpool between July 1955 and July 1958 has shown that they may frequently be infested by a number of species of insect pests. Of the 20 species recorded, six occurred regularly. These were Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.), Aphomia gularis (Zell.), Plodia interpunctella (Hb.), Cryptophagus subfumatus Kraatz, Nemapogon granella (L.) and Enarmonia sp. During that period, changes occurred in the levels of infestation on parcels and the relative abundance of the species. In particular, there was a considerable increase in the occurrence of O. surinamensis. Though the general levels of infestation were light, parts of 58 per cent, of the cargoes had to be fumigated to prevent pests being distributed to factories, bakeries and shops in Britain and on transhipped parcels to Canada, U.S.A. and the Eepublic of Ireland. Though many of the species found are already established in those countries where conditions are suitable for their development some are still limited in their distribution. These include A. gularis, a serious pest of nuts, dried fruit and cereals. If the further spread of this and the other pests is to be prevented there is need for a more general application of control measures in the country of origin with strict control and possibly fumigation of cargoes before shipment.

scholarly journals Brittle stars from the British Oxford Clay: unexpected ophiuroid diversity on Jurassic sublittoral mud bottoms

2017 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy A.M. Ewin ◽  
Ben Thuy
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
The Other ◽  
Brittle Stars ◽  
Multiple Species ◽  
Clay Formation ◽  
Middle Callovian

AbstractThree new ophiuran species, Enakomusium whymanae n. sp., Aspidophiura? seren n. sp., and Ophiotitanos smithi n. sp., and an unnamed specimen assignable to the genus Dermocoma are described from the Callovian to Oxfordian Oxford Clay Formation of Great Britain. These determinations are based on new finds and a critical reassessment of historic specimens. The Oxford Clay ophiuroids represent two loose assemblages, one from the middle Callovian Peterborough Member and the other from the lower Oxfordian Weymouth Member. Both assemblages accord well with coeval midshelf mud bottom ophiuroid communities in terms of taxonomic composition and relative abundance of taxa. The British Oxford Clay ophiuroids are particularly significant as they are one of the rare instances where multiple species are represented, almost exclusively, by exceptionally preserved articulated skeletons. This provides an important window into the understanding of mid-Upper Jurassic ophiuroid paleobiology.

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