Pivotal temperatures for loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) from northern and southern nesting beaches

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Mrosovsky
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Caretta Caretta ◽  
The United States ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Incubation Duration ◽  
Southern Florida ◽  
Nesting Beaches

The pivotal incubation temperature (that giving 50% of each sex) was estimated for two clutches of eggs from loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) nesting in each of three areas along the east coast of the United States: North Carolina, Georgia, and southern Florida. All pivotal temperatures were close to 29.0 °C. There was a significant difference between the pivotal temperatures of the two clutches from Florida. As an index of beach temperature, data on incubation durations in the three areas were collated and analysed: even during the warmest part of the season, incubation took about 6 days longer in North Carolina than in Georgia, and about 10–14 days longer than in Florida. Since there was no evidence that pivotal temperatures in North Carolina were lower than those of turtles nesting further south, it is likely that a higher percentage of males are produced on the North Carolina beaches, but data on pivotal temperatures of additional clutches are needed before this prediction can be made with confidence. The possible use of incubation duration for estimating sex ratios of hatchlings is discussed.

Pivotal temperature for loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) from Kyparissia Bay, Greece

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (12) ◽  
pp. 2118-2124 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Mrosovsky ◽  
Stephanie Kamel ◽  
Alan F Rees ◽  
D Margaritoulis
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Constant Temperature ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Caretta Caretta ◽  
The United States ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles ◽  
Incubation Duration ◽  
Different Populations ◽  
Pivotal Temperature

Pivotal temperature (the constant temperature giving 50% of each sex) for two clutches of loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta) from Kyparissia Bay, Greece, was 29.3°C. Pivotal incubation duration (the time from laying to hatching giving 50% of each sex) was 52.6 days. These values are close to those obtained for this species in Brazil and the United States, providing further evidence that these characteristics are relatively conservative in different populations. Methodological differences between different experiments and limitations on accuracy of equipment make the detection of small differences problematic. Comparison of incubation durations in the field with the pivotal durations obtained here suggest that hatchling sex ratio on some Mediterranean beaches is female biased but probably varies considerably within this region.

An Investigation into the Impact of Environmental Education Certification on Perceptions of Personal Teaching Efficacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-17
Author(s):  
Mandy Harrison ◽  
Lisa Gross ◽  
Jennifer McGee
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Teaching Efficacy ◽  
School Teachers ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Personal Teaching Efficacy ◽  
Environmental Educators ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to examine how participation in the North Carolina Environmental Educator (NCEE) program influences the individual's perceived self-efficacy. Specifically, this study examines the impact of NCEE certification on participants’ perceived personal teaching self-efficacy. This study compared personal teaching efficacy scores of certified environmental educators, non-certified environmental educators, and licensed schoolteachers. The study found significant differences in teaching efficacy between certified and non-certified environmental educators, as well as certified environmental educators and licensed school teachers. In addition, the study found no significant difference in efficacy scores between NCEE certified licensed school teachers and NCEE certified environmental educators. Results of this study indicate a link between environmental education certification and higher personal teaching efficacy.

scholarly journals A Lean Quality Improvement Initiative to Enhance Tobacco Use Treatment in a Cancer Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen Meyer ◽  
Sara Mitra ◽  
Ellen Ruebush ◽  
Laurel Sisler ◽  
Kyle Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Treatment Effectiveness ◽  
Cancer Recurrence ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quality Improvement Initiative ◽  
The North ◽  
Cancer Hospital

Sustained tobacco use after cancer diagnosis decreases treatment effectiveness while increasing treatment side effects, primary cancer recurrence, and the occurrence of secondary cancers. Delivering tobacco use treatment to fewer patients due to inefficient workflow represents missed opportunities to deliver life-saving care. In 2017, the National Cancer Institute initiated the Cancer Cessation Initiative (C3I) to push new tobacco cessation resources into cancer centers across the United States. This grant allowed the University of North Carolina Tobacco Treatment Program (UNC TTP) to dramatically expand tobacco use treatment (TUT) services to patients at the North Carolina Cancer Hospital (NCCH). With this push, the team saw an opportunity to utilize Lean Six Sigma, a set of quality improvement (QI) tools, to streamline their processes and uncover the root causes of program inefficiencies. A 12-month QI project using the Lean A3 problem-solving tool was implemented to examine the team’s workflow. The study team mapped out the processes and, as a result, developed multiple “experiments” to test within the NCCH to address workflow efficiency and clinical reach. Outcome measures from the baseline to follow-up included: (1) the number of new patient referrals per month, and (2) the number of counseling sessions delivered per month. From the baseline to final state, the team’s referrals increased from a mean of 10 to 24 per month, and counseling sessions increased from a mean of 74 to 84 per month. This project provided a deeper understanding of how workflow inefficiencies can be eliminated in the clinical setting, how technology can be harnessed to increase reach, and finally, that soliciting and using feedback from NCCH leadership can remove barriers and improve patient care.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Xanthomonas cucurbitae Isolates from Pumpkins and Survival of the Bacterium in Pumpkin Seeds

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1779-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Zhang ◽  
M. Babadoost
Keyword(s):  
The United States ◽  
Culture Collection ◽  
Colony Development ◽  
North Central Region ◽  
North Central ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Pumpkin Seeds ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

This study was conducted to determine characteristics of Xanthomonas cucurbitae, the causal agent of bacterial spot of pumpkin, and survival of the bacterium in pumpkin seeds. Fourteen X. cucurbitae isolates from the north central region of the United States, along with the X. cucurbitae strain 23378 from the American Type Culture Collection, were included in this study. The range of minimum, optimum, and maximum temperatures for colony development of X. cucurbitae were 4 to 6°C, 24 to 30°C, and 34 to 36°C, respectively. Optimum pH for colony development ranged from 6.5 to 8.0. Leaves of 3-week-old pumpkins ‘Howden’ and ‘Dickinson’ were inoculated with X. cucurbitae isolates (108 CFU/ml). There was a significant difference in the postinoculation periods for appearance of bacterial lesions on the leaves among the isolates; however, there was no significant difference in diameters of the lesions on each of the pumpkin cultivar 7 days after inoculation. Four of the isolates caused significantly larger lesions on ‘Dickinson’ leaves than ‘Howden’ leaves. Naturally infected ‘Howden’ pumpkin and inoculated ‘Dickinson’ pumpkin seeds with X. cucurbitae were stored at 4 and 22°C. X. cucurbitae was isolated from both naturally infected and inoculated seeds 24 months after storage at both 4 and 22°C, and the isolated bacteria were pathogenic.

scholarly journals Diverse school community engagement with the North Carolina active routes to school project: a diffusion study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seth LaJeunesse ◽  
Sam Thompson ◽  
Nancy Pullen-Seufert ◽  
Mary Bea Kolbe ◽  
Stephen Heiny ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Communities ◽  
Safe Routes To School ◽  
The North ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic ◽  
City Schools ◽  
Elementary And Middle School

Abstract Background Schools located in rural parts of the United States and North Carolina have benefited proportionally less from the federal Safe Routes to School (SRTS) program than their more urban counterparts. We investigated whether and how diverse elementary and middle school communities throughout North Carolina have engaged in a SRTS-inspired, multi-sectoral initiative called the Active Routes to School (ARTS) project over the course of 5 years (2013 through 2017). Methods Analyses included a study sample of 2602 elementary and middle schools in North Carolina, 853 that participated in the ARTS project over the five-year study period and 1749 that had not. Statistical models controlling for county- and school-level confounders predicted schools’ involvement in walking and bicycling-promotive events, programs, and policies over time. Results Schools’ engagement with ARTS Project programming increased significantly over the study period, with 33% of eligible schools participating with the project by the end of 2017. Participation was most common in promotional events. Such event participation predicted engagement with regularly recurring programming and school- and district-level establishment of biking- and walking-facilitative policies. Lower income schools were more likely to establish recurring bike and walk programs than wealthier schools, whereas rural schools were less likely than city schools to participate in promotional events, yet equally as likely as other schools to participate in recurring bike and walk programs. Conclusions Schools’ engagement with the North Carolina ARTS Project diffused despite many schools’ rural geographies and lower socioeconomic status. Further, participation in one-time promotional events can portend schools’ establishment of recurring walking and biking programs and supportive policies.

Benthic Macroinvertebrate and Chemical Assessment of Water Quality in Relation to the Shope Creek Trout Farm

2014 ◽  
Vol 130 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Creech ◽  
Mark V. Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
The United States ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Community ◽  
Biotic Index ◽  
Order Stream ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chemical Assessment

Abstract North Carolina is the second largest commercial producer of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, in the United States, yet few studies have measured the effects of trout farm effluent on regional water bodies. Our objective was to assess water quality directly upstream and downstream of a low-production rainbow trout farm located on Shope Creek, a second-order stream in western North Carolina, using both biological and chemical assessment methods. Benthic macroinvertebrates were collected upstream and downstream of the trout farm annually from 2009 to 2011 using Hester-Dendy samplers. Organisms were identified to family and compared using the Family Level Biotic Index. We found no significant difference between mean upstream and downstream index values, suggesting no negative impacts of trout farm effluent on the macroinvertebrate community. Water samples were collected from each site on four days over a two month period, with three subsamples taken per site, per day. There were no significant differences between mean ammonia or phosphate levels upstream or downstream of the trout farm. While biochemical oxygen demand levels were significantly higher at the downstream site, this increase did not appear to affect the macroinvertebrate community. Between 2009 and 2011 the Shope Creek trout farm produced approximately 500 kg of fish annually. This is much lower than average annual regional trout farm production rates of 34,000 kg of fish, which likely accounts for the minimal impacts observed in this study.

Surveying for Potential Diseases and Abiotic Disorders of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa) Production

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-332
Author(s):  
Lindsey D. Thiessen ◽  
Tyler Schappe ◽  
Sarah Cochran ◽  
Kristin Hicks ◽  
Angela R. Post
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
North Carolina Department ◽  
The North ◽  
Consumer Services ◽  
Industrial Hemp

Industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) has recently been reintroduced as an agricultural commodity in the United States, and, through state-led pilot programs, growers and researchers have been investigating production strategies. Diseases and disorders of industrial hemp in the United States are largely unknowns because record-keeping and taxonomy have improved dramatically in the last several decades. In 2016, North Carolina launched a pilot program to investigate industrial hemp, and diseases and abiotic disorders were surveyed in 2017 and 2018. Producers, consultants, and agricultural extension agents submitted samples to the North Carolina Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services Agronomic Services Division (n = 572) and the North Carolina Plant Disease and Insect Clinic (n = 117). Common field diseases found included Fusarium foliar and flower blights (Fusarium graminearum), Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum), and Helminthosporium leaf spot (Exserohilum rostratum). Greenhouse diseases were primarily caused by Pythium spp. and Botrytis cinerea. Common environmental disorders were attributed to excessive rainfall flooding roots and poor root development of transplanted clones.

Relating Public Opinions of Roadway Assets to Field Data with Survey and Focus Groups

2017 ◽  
Vol 2613 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-28
Author(s):  
Joy Davis ◽  
Chris Cunningham ◽  
Daniel Findley ◽  
Sarah Searcy ◽  
James Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Asset Management ◽  
User Satisfaction ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
The United States ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Transportation Policy ◽  
North Carolina Department ◽  
The North

In recent years, transportation policy in the United States has increasingly focused on measuring and tracking performance outcomes. However, identifying how quantifiable outcomes—such as international roughness index ratings—influence less tangible outcomes—such as user satisfaction with a roadway—can be challenging. This paper outlines a method that enables researchers to compare stakeholder perceptions of assets with actual field-measured data for roadways. More than 350 residents in six locations in the state of North Carolina were surveyed about how those residents perceived and prioritized the roadway assets managed by the North Carolina Department of Transportation. Using a method termed “roadway reviews,” researchers asked participants about state-maintained roads as the participants were driven on those roads in real time; these surveys were supplemented with focus groups. In addition to identifying how well asset conditions on roadway segments aligned with the basic expectations of roadway users, researchers determined how these ratings compared with field measurements for the segments and captured how participants ranked the importance of specific roadway assets for overall condition, safety, and appearance. The findings will be used to improve asset management practice and will be integrated into the North Carolina Department of Transportation’s annual Highway Performance Monitoring System reports.

scholarly journals Clinical Pathology Reference Intervals for an In-Water Population of Juvenile Loggerhead Sea Turtles (Caretta caretta) in Core Sound, North Carolina, USA

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. e0115739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terra R. Kelly ◽  
Joanne Braun McNeill ◽  
Larisa Avens ◽  
April Goodman Hall ◽  
Lisa R. Goshe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Sea Turtles ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Caretta Caretta ◽  
Reference Intervals ◽  
Loggerhead Sea Turtles

scholarly journals Influence of the North Atlantic Subtropical High on wet and dry sea-breeze events in North Carolina, United States

2017 ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas T. Luchetti ◽  
Rosana Nieto Ferreira ◽  
Thomas M. Rickenbach ◽  
Mark R. Nissenbaum ◽  
Joel D. McAuliffe
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Carolina ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Convective Available Potential Energy ◽  
Sea Breeze ◽  
The United States ◽  
Subtropical High ◽  
North Atlantic Subtropical High ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic

The sea-breeze (SB) is an important source of summertime precipitation in North Carolina (NC, southeast United States). However, not all SB events produce precipitation. A climatology of wet and dry SB events in NC is used to investigate the conditions that are conducive to precipitation associated with the sea breeze. Radar imagery was used to detect 88 SB events that occurred along the NC coast between May-September of 2009-2012. The majority (85%) of SB events occurred during offshore flow (53%) or during flow that was parallel to the coast (22%). SB events were separated into dry (53%) and wet (47%) events and differences in the dynamic and thermodynamic parameters of the environment in which they formed were analyzed. Significant differences in dynamic and thermodynamic conditions were found. SB dry events occurred under stronger winds (6.00 ± 2.36 ms-1) than SB wet events (4.02 ± 2.16 ms-1). Moreover, during SB wet events larger values of convective available potential energy and lower values of convective inhibition were present, conditions that favor precipitation. Overall, the SB wet events accounted for 20-30% of the May-September precipitation along the NC coastal region. The position of the North Atlantic Subtropical High (NASH) controls both moisture availability and winds along the NC coast, thus providing a synoptic-scale control mechanism for SB precipitation. In particular, it was shown that when the NASH western ridge is located along the southeast coast of the United States, it causes a moist southwesterly flow along the NC coast that may favor the occurrence of SB wet events.

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