Biology of the oribatid mite Mucronothrus nasalis (Acari: Oribatida: Trhypochthoniidae) from a small coldwater springbrook in eastern Canada

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy A. Norton ◽  
D. Dudley Williams ◽  
Ian D. Hogg ◽  
Sandra C. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
The United States ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Sampling Locations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Water Behavior ◽  
Substrate Surfaces ◽  
Surber Sampler

A population of the aquatic oribatid mite Mucronothrus nasalis, living in a cold, hardwater springbrook near Toronto, Canada, was sampled monthly from July 1985 to July 1986 using a Surber sampler. Of nine sampling locations situated along the full 60 m length of the springbrook, the source had by far the highest density of mites. Mites were most abundant in winter, reaching 1 individual/1.3 cm2 of substrate at the source, and least abundant in summer. Males were present, but uncommon, usually composing less than 10% of the adult population. Most collected females were gravid, regardless of season. Population age structure was inverted, with older instars being more abundant. There were no pulsed increases in density of immatures relative to adults, suggesting that reproduction is not strongly seasonal. Both adults and immatures appear to be generalized grazers on the "aufwuchs" community of unicellular and filamentous algae, fungi, and other organisms coating substrate surfaces, but also feed on decaying higher plant material. New geographic records show a transcontinental distribution in Canada, and the first records for the United States and Australia are given. Newly recorded habitat types include riverbeds and the profundal zone of lakes. Out of water behavior suggests that terrestrial dispersal is unlikely, supporting the hypothesis that the species predates the breakup of the supercontinent Pangea, with local distributions perhaps dating from Pleistocene events. The life history of this species appears more K-selected than that of another aquatic oribatid mite, Hydrozetes lemnae.

scholarly journals Mental Distress in the United States at the Beginning of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 1628-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Calliope Holingue ◽  
Luther G. Kalb ◽  
Kira E. Riehm ◽  
Daniel Bennett ◽  
Arie Kapteyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Us ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Completion Date ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Impact

Objectives. To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental distress in US adults. Methods. Participants were 5065 adults from the Understanding America Study, a probability-based Internet panel representative of the US adult population. The main exposure was survey completion date (March 10–16, 2020). The outcome was mental distress measured via the 4-item version of the Patient Health Questionnaire. Results. Among states with 50 or more COVID-19 cases as of March 10, each additional day was significantly associated with an 11% increase in the odds of moving up a category of distress (odds ratio = 1.11; 95% confidence interval = 1.01, 1.21; P = .02). Perceptions about the likelihood of getting infected, death from the virus, and steps taken to avoid infecting others were associated with increased mental distress in the model that included all states. Individuals with higher consumption of alcohol or cannabis or with history of depressive symptoms were at significantly higher risk for mental distress. Conclusions. These data suggest that as the COVID-19 pandemic continues, mental distress may continue to increase and should be regularly monitored. Specific populations are at high risk for mental distress, particularly those with preexisting depressive symptoms.

Studies of Predators of the Balsam Woolly Aphid, Adelges piceae (Ratz.) (Homoptera: Adelgidae): IV. Neoleucopis obscura (Hal.) (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae), an Introduced Predator in Eastern Canada

1957 ◽  
Vol 89 (12) ◽  
pp. 533-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. R. Brown ◽  
R. C. Clark
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Introduced Predator ◽  
Woolly Aphid ◽  
History Of ◽  
Southern Half ◽  
Adelges Piceae

Early in the present century the balsam woolly aphid, Adelges piceae (Ratz.), was introduced accidentally into North America. The history of its development and spread in the United States and Canada has been described by Balch (1952). At the present time, the adelgid occurs in eastern Canada over approximately the southern half of New Brunswick with an extension of the range in the extreme northeastern part of the Province, throughout Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island, and in some areas of the southwestern and southeastern parts of Newfoundland.

GEOGRAPHICAL VARIATION, CLASSIFICATION, RECONSTRUCTED PHYLOGENY, AND GEOGRAPHICAL HISTORY OF THECICINDELA SEXGUTTATAGROUP (COLEOPTERA: CICINDELIDAE)

1993 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael M. Kaulbars ◽  
Richard Freitag
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Geographical Variation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Adult Females ◽  
Geographical Populations ◽  
History Of

AbstractA systematic review was conducted for theCicindela sexguttatagroup taxa. Comparative methods of examination were applied to adult structural and ecological characters for purposes of taxa diagnoses, and to establish a basis for the derivation of the group’s history.Based on 13 adult exoskeletal characters and 25 tests on populations throughout the group’s geographical range, a discriminant analysis identifies the most significant characters as being elytral maculation, body size, pilosity of the stipes, and number of sensory setae on the antennal scape. In addition, selected characters of the male and female genitalia are shown to identify all taxa within the group. Among biological comparisons the different number of mature eggs found in adult females ofC.sexguttataFabricius andC.denikeiBrown indicates that their fecundity differs; and the larval burrow ofC.denikeiopens directly beneath rocks and stones, a habit unique inCicindela. Seasonality profiles of taxa appear to be dictated by geographical location, and by phylogeny to a smaller degree. Species–soils associations indicate thatC.sexguttatahas a strong affinity to warm, moist and loamy soils, butC.denikeiis correlated with sandy, silty till. For all species of the group, habitats occupied and limits of distribution to eastern Canada and the United States appear to be governed by soil and forest types.Three species of the group are recognized:C.sexguttataconsisting of geographical populations varying considerably in adult characteristics and the problematic formC.harrisiiLeng which may be considered a cryptic species;C.denikei; andC.patruelaDejean consisting of two subspeciesC.p.patruelaandC.p.consentaneaDejean.A reconstructed phylogeny of theC.sexguttatagroup based on methods of Hennig (1966) alliesC.sexguttataandC.denikeias sister species, andC.patruelaas an earlier lineage. Recognized as a stem group of theC.purpureacomplex, theC.sexguttatagroup is postulated to have had its origins in forested eastern North America during the Late Miocene. Speciations ofC.patruelaand lineageC.sexguttata–C.denikeiare perceived to have occurred in the Pliocene, followed by speciations ofC.sexguttataandC.denikeiin the Late Pleistocene effected by continental ice mass advances and recessions.

scholarly journals Benchmarks for Needed Psychiatric Beds for the United States: A Test of a Predictive Analytics Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (22) ◽  
pp. 12205
Author(s):  
Christopher G. Hudson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Predictive Analytics ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
The United States ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Inpatient Psychiatric Care ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychiatric Beds

The ideal balanced mental health service system presupposes that planners can determine the need for various required services. The history of deinstitutionalization has shown that one of the most difficult such determinations involves the number of needed psychiatric beds for various localities. Historically, such assessments have been made on the basis of waiting and vacancy lists, expert estimates, or social indicator approaches that do not take into account local conditions. Specifically, this study aims to generate benchmarks or estimated rates of needed psychiatric beds for the 50 U.S. states by employing a predictive analytics methodology that uses nonlinear regression. Data used were secured primarily from the U.S. Census’ American Community Survey and from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Administration. Key predictors used were indicators of community mental health (CMH) service coverage, mental health disability in the adult population, longevity from birth, and the percentage of the 15+ who were married in 2018. The model was then used to calculate predicted bed rates based on the ‘what-if’ assumption of an optimal level of CMH service availability. The final model revealed an overall rate of needed beds of 34.9 per 100,000 population, or between 28.1 and 41.7. In total, 32% of the states provide inpatient psychiatric care at a level less than the estimated need; 28% at a level in excess of the need; with the remainder at a level within 95% confidence limits of the estimated need. These projections are in the low range of prior estimates, ranging from 33.8 to 64.1 since the 1980s. The study demonstrates the possibility of using predictive analytics to generate individualized estimates for a variety of service modalities for a range of localities.

Special Considerations for Evaluation and Treatment of Spanish-Speaking Patients with Cleft Palate

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 41-49
Author(s):  
Ellen Moore
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Oral Pressure ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Spanish Speaking Population

As the Spanish-speaking population in the United States continues to grow, there is increasing need for culturally competent and linguistically appropriate treatment across the field of speech-language pathology. This paper reviews information relevant to the evaluation and treatment of Spanish-speaking and Spanish-English bilingual children with a history of cleft palate. The phonetics and phonology of Spanish are reviewed and contrasted with English, with a focus on oral pressure consonants. Cultural factors and bilingualism are discussed briefly. Finally, practical strategies for evaluation and treatment are presented. Information is presented for monolingual and bilingual speech-language pathologists, both in the community and on cleft palate teams.

State-by-State Use of AMA Guides

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 3-7, 16
Keyword(s):  
Expert Testimony ◽  
Narrow Range ◽  
The United States ◽  
Workers Compensation ◽  
Federal Employees ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Canadian Provinces

Abstract This article presents a history of the origins and development of the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), from the publication of an article titled “A Guide to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment of the Extremities and Back” (1958) until a compendium of thirteen guides was published in book form in 1971. The most recent, sixth edition, appeared in 2008. Over time, the AMA Guides has been widely used by US states for workers’ compensation and also by the Federal Employees Compensation Act, the Longshore and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act, as well as by Canadian provinces and other jurisdictions around the world. In the United States, almost twenty states have developed some form of their own impairment rating system, but some have a narrow range and scope and advise evaluators to consult the AMA Guides for a final determination of permanent disability. An evaluator's impairment evaluation report should clearly document the rater's review of prior medical and treatment records, clinical evaluation, analysis of the findings, and a discussion of how the final impairment rating was calculated. The resulting report is the rating physician's expert testimony to help adjudicate the claim. A table shows the edition of the AMA Guides used in each state and the enabling statute/code, with comments.

Review of A brief history of the United States.

1919 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 414-414
Author(s):  
No authorship indicated
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
History Of
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