Size- and age-specific patterns of trace metal concentrations in freshwater clams from an acid-sensitive and a circumneutral lake

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (10) ◽  
pp. 2436-2442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott G. Hinch ◽  
Linda A. Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Elliptio Complanata ◽  
South Central ◽  
Freshwater Clams ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Water Competition ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Clam Tissue ◽  
Binding Substrate

We collected freshwater clams (Elliptio complanata) from an acid-sensitive and a circumneutral lake in south central Ontario and compared tissue metal concentrations. Clams from the acid-sensitive lake had higher concentrations of Cu and Cd and lower concentrations of Zn and Mn than clams from the circumneutral lake. Tissue concentrations did not reflect metal levels in the water. Competition may be occurring between metals for binding substrate in clam tissue. Clam size and (or) age successfully predicted tissue metal concentrations, but in a metal-specific and tissue-specific manner. Clam biomonitoring studies should therefore control for size and age variability. Lake buffering capability was not very important in influencing size- and age-specific patterns of tissue metal concentrations. However, this conclusion is based solely on data from two lakes.

The effects of source and destination on growth and metal uptake in freshwater clams reciprocally transplanted among south central Ontario lakes

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-863 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott G. Hinch ◽  
Roger H. Green
Keyword(s):  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Transplant Experiment ◽  
Reciprocal Transplant Experiment ◽  
Post Transplant ◽  
Elliptio Complanata ◽  
South Central ◽  
Freshwater Clams ◽  
Strong Source

The relative contributions of genotype and environment to growth and metal uptake in freshwater unionid clams (Elliptio complanata) were evaluated using a reciprocal transplant experiment. In August 1985, comparable sites were selected in three south central Ontario lakes with alkalinities of 22, 153, and 238 μequiv.∙L−1. Shell length, height, and width varied in a manner that could not be related to lake alkalinities. There were differences among the clam populations in allelic frequencies (at the Pgm and Lap-2 loci). Clams were marked, measured, and reciprocally transplanted among the three lakes. In August 1986, marked individuals were recovered, remeasured, and analysed for levels of Cu, Zn, Mn, and Cd in soft tissues. The transplant source had a strong influence on clam growth during the post-transplant year. This source effect may result from genetic differences among the populations. Tissue metal concentrations at the end of the post-transplant year were a function of both source and destination. The use of freshwater clams as transplant biomonitors must be reassessed since there is a strong source component to growth and metal uptake. In transplant experiments a common source (a particular site within a particular lake) should be used, and post-transplant periods of more than 1 year may be necessary for the influence of the destination environment to dominate the influence of the source environment.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Trace Metal Levels in Tissues of Two Commercial Fish Species in Kapar and Mersing Coastal Waters, Peninsular Malaysia

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fathi Alhashmi Bashir ◽  
Mohammad Shuhaimi-Othman ◽  
A. G. Mazlan
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Commercial Fish ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
The Relationship

This study is focused on evaluating the trace metal levels in water and tissues of two commercial fish species Arius thalassinus and Pennahia anea that were collected from Kapar and Mersing coastal waters. The concentrations of Fe, Zn, Al, As, Cd and Pb in these coastal waters and muscle, liver and gills tissues of the fishes were quantified. The relationship among the metal concentrations and the height and weight of the two species were also examined. Generally, the iron has the highest concentrations in both water and the fish species. However, Cd in both coastal waters showed high levels exceeding the international standards. The metal level concentration in the sample fishes are in the descending order livers > gills > muscles. A positive association between the trace metal concentrations and weight and length of the sample fishes was investigated. Fortunately the level of these metal concentrations in fish has not exceeded the permitted level of Malaysian and international standards.

scholarly journals Trace Metal Contamination Characteristics and Health Risks Assessment ofCommelina africanaL. and Psammitic Sandflats in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nsikak U. Benson ◽  
Paul A. Enyong ◽  
Omowunmi H. Fred-Ahmadu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metal ◽  
Niger Delta ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Metal Levels

The purpose of this study was to investigate and quantify trace metal concentrations inCommelina africanaL. and psammitic sandflats from an intertidal coastal ecosystem in Niger Delta, Nigeria, and to evaluate their spatial distribution, degree of contamination, and source apportionment. The environmental risks associated with soil contamination were elaborately assessed using potential ecological risk index, sediment quality guidelines, and enrichment relative to background levels. The mean concentrations of Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, and Zn in sandflat soil samples are0.76±9.0×10-2,7.39±8.7×10-1,2.28±0.35,0.024±4.0×10-3, and74.51±2.55 mg/kg, respectively. Metal levels indicate strong variability with sampling sites. The order of trace metal concentrations in theCommelina africanaL. samples isZn>Ni>Cr>Pb>Cd. The concentrations varied with the sample locations; and the levels of Pb (0.05 to 0.08 mg/kg) at all locations are found to be significantly below permissible level of 0.3 mg/kg. Potential sources of metal loadings may be associated with localised or diffused anthropogenic activities. The average carcinogenic risks are below1.0×10-6threshold values, and the sandflat soils are not considered to pose significant health effects to children and adult males and females. However, the carcinogenicity and noncarcinogenicity risks ranking decrease following the orderchildren>adult  males>adult  females. Comparatively, the hazard quotient and hazard index indicate that the psammitic sandflats might pose a health risk to children in future.

Analysis of Animal Feed Ingredients and Soil Amendment Products Produced from Beef Cattle Manure for Selected Trace Metals Using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

1980 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 834-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. VAN WILLIS ◽  
AMER EL-AHRAF ◽  
DUTT V. VINJAMOORI ◽  
KHAIREY AREF
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Soil Amendment ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Replacement Product

Beef cattle manures have been converted to a water slurry and subjected to centrifugation, flocculution and drying to produce a silage replacement product (CI), a 20% protein powder from the centrifuge supernatant fluid (CII) and a soil amendment product (CIII). These products and the manure slurry were analyzed for their As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn content by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Different sample mineralization techniques, metal recovery efficiencies and matrix effects were investigated. Metal concentrations increased in the products in the order of silage replacement, protein and soil amendment. Except for a high iron concentration, the silage replacement product (CI) had concentrations of these metals comparable to those for typical feedlot rations, and metal concentration in the protein fraction (CII) was three to six times higher as compared to the range of metal levels in CI; the soil amendment product (CIII) showed metal concentrations comparable to reported manure values. The effects of these metal concentrations on utility of the silage replacement and protein products as feed ingredients for animal feed rations is discussed.

scholarly journals A time-course analysis of changes in cerebral metal levels following a controlled cortical impact

Metallomics ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart D. Portbury ◽  
Dominic J. Hare ◽  
Charlotte Sgambelloni ◽  
David I. Finkelstein ◽  
Paul A. Adlard
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Controlled Cortical Impact ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
Cortical Impact ◽  
Time Course Study

A LA-ICP-MS time course study of changing metal concentrations following traumatic brain injury in mice.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Levels in Vegetables with Growth Stage and Plant Species Variations

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib Mohammad Naser ◽  
Sarmin Sultana ◽  
Nashir Uddin Mahmud ◽  
Rebeca Gomes ◽  
Shamsun Noor
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
World Health ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Metal Levels

Field experiment was conducted to compare and investigate the concentration  levels of heavy metals in leafy vegetables with growth stage and plant species  variations on an experimental field near the net house of Soil Science Division,  Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh  during November 2008 to January 2009. Seeds of spinach (Spinacia oleracea), red amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) and amaranth (Amaranthus oleraseus) were  sown on 14 November 2008. Plant and soil samples were collected at different  growth stages, such as at 20, 30, 40, and 50 days after sowing (DAS). The  concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and  chromium (Cr) in plant increased with the age of the plant, but the increase was  not linear. The rate of increase of concentration of these metals at 20 to 30 DAS  was found lower than that at 30 to 40 DAS, except Cr. Heavy metal content  gradually increased at the early growing stage and fall during later stages of  growth. The significant differences (P < 0.01) were observed between the mean  metal concentrations in the three vegetables species. The Pb and Co  concentrations in amaranth were found higher compared to those found in  spinach and red amaranth. Spinach exhibited higher levels of Cd and Cr than  those of other vegetables. However, the three vegetables did not differ  significantly in its Ni concentration. The order of heavy metal level in different  vegetables was Cd<Co<Pb<Ni<Cr. In vegetable species in respect of heavy  metal concentration Cd, Ni, and Cr was highest in spinach and amaranth showed  highest concentration in Pb and Co. The highest correlation between soil-plant  was found for Cd, while the lowest for Ni. Metal concentrations in the  vegetables studied were found lower than the maximum allowable level in India  but the concentrations of Cd and Cr were higher than the allowable levels set by  the World Health Organization (WHO).   DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v36i4.11743   Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 36(4): 563-574, December 2011    

scholarly journals Physicochemical Characteristics and Heavy Metals Contents in Soils and Cassava Plants from Farmlands within Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State

2021 ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
N. P. Udeh ◽  
A. C. Ikegwuonu ◽  
O. A. Okeke ◽  
C. Obudulu ◽  
K. P. Okafor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Metal Enrichment ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Metal Levels ◽  
The Mean

Soil samples and cassava tubers collected from farmlands within Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka vicinity were analyzed for their heavy metal levels using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) in order to assess their levels of contamination on the environment as a result of excessive fertilizers and automobile emission. Physiochemical properties of the soil samples were determined using standard methods. The soil pH had a mean value of 6.27 ± 0.07, 6.10 ± 0.06 and 6.57 ± 0.03 respectively indicating that the soils were slightly acidic to neutrality. Total organic carbon and nitrate mean values were 105.20 ± 6.20, 95.75 ± 9.57 and 94.6 ± 2.27 and 138.07 ± 12.09, 149.35 ± 14.25 and 149.20 ± 1.17 respectively showing presence of some organic matters. The mean levels of heavy metals in the soil samples were 0.01 ± 0.01, 0.05 ± 0.03 and 0.05 ± 0.03 for lead (Pb), 0.24 ± 0.16, 0.001 ± 0.001 and 0.001 ± 0.000 for cadmium (Cd) and 0.00 ± 0.00, 0.010 ± 0.006 and 0.001 ± 0.001 for chromium (Cr). These metals levels were in the abundance trend of Pb>Cd> Cr. The mean metal concentrations obtained in the cassava tubers respectively were 0.001 ± 0.001, 0.001 ± 0.001 and 0.005 ± 0.005 for lead (Pb), 0.000 ± 0.000, 0.0003 ± 0.0003 and 0.000 ± 0.000 for cadmium (Cd) and 0.002 ± 0.002, 0.000 ± 0.000 and 0.002 ± 0.002 for chromium (Cr). These metals levels were in the abundance trend of Pb> Cr > Cd. For both the soil and cassava samples, there were no significant variations in the heavy metal concentrations and also in physicochemical parameter except for pH; this showed that there is low heavy metal enrichment in the soils studied. Based on the study, the following heavy metals (Pb, Cd, and Cr) falls within the Codex maximum permissible limits 0.1mg/l or ppm expect soil cadmium in science village which is above the Codex limit. The overall results showed that the farmlands (on soils and cassava tuber) appear to be free from poisoning or some metal enrichment and safe for agricultural purposes and also safe for human health and consumption.

scholarly journals Geographic Variation in Liver Metal Concentrations of Greater Sage-Grouse

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik J. Blomberg ◽  
Peregrine L. Wolff ◽  
James S. Sedinger
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Selenium Deficiency ◽  
Local Variation ◽  
Sage Grouse ◽  
Tissue Concentrations ◽  
Metal Concentrations ◽  
Low Selenium ◽  
Two Populations ◽  
Regional Comparisons

Abstract Populations of greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) have declined throughout the species' range. We evaluated metal concentrations in livers sampled from greater sage-grouse collected from hunters in Eureka County, Nevada, during autumn of 2008 and 2010. We make local comparisons of metal concentrations between two populations of greater sage-grouse in Eureka County, as well as regional comparisons with previously reported values for greater sage-grouse collected in Wyoming and Montana. With one exception, tissue concentrations of lead, arsenic, and mercury were below method detection limits. Mean concentrations of iron, molybdenum, and zinc differed between the two Nevada populations, and magnesium, cadmium, molybdenum, and selenium differed between greater sage-grouse in eastern Nevada, and values reported for Wyoming and Montana. In contrast, we found no evidence for local variation in magnesium, copper, cadmium, or selenium, or for regional variation in iron, zinc, or copper. Of particular interest were low selenium concentrations in our study system relative to Wyoming and Montana. Some individuals in our study returned liver selenium values considered consistent with selenium deficiency in domestic poultry. This research adds to the small body of literature on background contaminant levels in greater sage-grouse, and provides evidence for geographic variation in metal concentrations at local and regional scales.

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