The effect of spawning time and incubation temperature on meristic variation in chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta)

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Beacham ◽  
C. B. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
Spawning Time ◽  
Pelvic Fin

Variability in the number of dorsal, anal, caudal, pectoral, and pelvic fin rays, vertebrae, and gill rakers of early and late spawning stocks of Chehalis River chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) incubated under controlled water temperatures of 4, 8, and 12 °C was examined. The early spawning stock had fewer dorsal fin rays, more anal fin rays, fewer pectoral and pelvic fin rays, and fewer gill rakers than did the late spawning stock. Chum salmon originally incubated at 4 °C had the lowest number of dorsal fin rays, but the highest number of vertebrae and gill rakers. Chum salmon originally incubated at 8 °C had the highest number of anal fin rays, and those incubated at 12 °C had the highest number of pectoral fin rays. Meristic phenotypes had both a genetic and an environmental component.

Responses of meristic characters in chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) to temperature changes during development

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 596-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clyde B. Murray ◽  
Terry D. Beacham
Keyword(s):  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Fin Ray ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Eye Pigmentation ◽  
Pelvic Fin

Variability in the number of dorsal, anal, caudal, pectoral, and pelvic fin rays, vertebrae, and gill rakers was examined in four populations of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) transferred from 8 to 2 °C at various stages of embryonic development. Late transfers at complete eye pigmentation produced more gill rakers than transfers earlier in development. Transfers at completion of epiboly and initial eye pigmentation produced fewer vertebrae than earlier or later transfers. Stage of transfer had no significant effect on fin ray counts. Vertebral responses differed among families. Genotype–environment interactions produce meristic phenotypes that are presently difficult to predict.

Comparative Developmental Biology of Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from the Fraser River, British Columbia

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry D. Beacham ◽  
Clyde B. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Fraser River ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Tissue Weight ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Hatching Time ◽  
Spawning Time ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

Eggs and alevins from 32 families of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from seven Fraser River stocks spawning at different times or in different tributaries were incubated in controlled water temperatures of 4, 8, and 12 °C. There were significant differences in egg and alevin survival among stocks and among families within stocks in the different incubation temperatures. Highest egg survival for a late-spawning Vedder River stock occurred at 4 °C, while egg survival from other stocks was highest at 8 °C. Late-spawning stocks had smaller eggs and earlier times of fry emergence than did early-spawning ones. There was no effect of spawning time on alevin hatching time. Alevins hatching at 8 °C were larger than those hatching at 4 or 12 °C, but there were no stock differences in alevin length or tissue weight. Stocks with greater egg sizes produced alevins of greater total weight. Fry emerging at 8 °C were larger than those emerging at 4 or 12 °C, and fry from early-spawning stocks were longer and had greater tissue weight than those from late-spawning ones. There were significant differences among families within stocks in size of alevins and fry, and family differences should be accounted for in studies of salmonid developmental biology.

Effect of Female Size, Egg Size, and Water Temperature on Developmental Biology of Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from the Nitinat River, British Columbia

1985 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1755-1765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry D. Beacham ◽  
Clyde B. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Female Size ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Small Female ◽  
Size Classes ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta

We incubated eggs and alevins for five chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) families in each of three female size classes under controlled water temperatures of 4, 8, and 12 °C. Egg survival from fertilization to hatching was highest for eggs from small females and lowest for eggs from large females at all three incubation temperatures. Egg survival was highest at 8 °C, and at 4 °C survival rates were largely determined from fertilization to epiboly, but at 12 °C the lowest egg survival rates were recorded from eye pigmentation to hatching. There were marked differences in egg survival rates among families. Overall survival rates from egg fertilization to fry emergence were most divergent between the large and small female size class at 12 °C. Hatching time of the alevins and emergence time of the fry were similar among the three female size classes at each incubation temperature. Alevins hatching at 4 °C were the longest, but those hatching at 12 °C were the heaviest. Larger females produced alevins with both more yolk reserves and more body tissue at hatching than those from smaller females. The relation between egg weight and subsequent alevin size was dependent upon incubation temperature. At emergence, the longest and heaviest fry were produced by the largest female size class.

scholarly journals Effects of spawning time on the variation of vertebral number in chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta

2014 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAISEI ANDO ◽  
YOSHIHITO SHINRIKI ◽  
KAZUTAKA SHIMODA ◽  
RYOHEI YASUTOMI ◽  
YOSHITAKA SASAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Vertebral Number ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Spawning Time

scholarly journals FIRST RECORD ON ODONTANTHIAS FLAGRIS YOSHINO AND ARAGA, 1975 (PERCIFORMES: SERRANIDAE) IN INDONESIAN WATERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Teguh Peristiwady
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
Caudal Peduncle ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Pelvic Fin

Two specimens of Odontanthias flagris have been caught from Bitung, North Sulawesi in June 2010. Previously, nown locations of this species are Okinawa and Nishino-shima, Japan. O. flagris is very similar with O. rhodopeplus. They shares following characters: dorsal fin rays X, 13; anal fin rays III, 7; pectorals fin rays 17-18; scales above lateral line 7; scales below lateral line 19 and gill rakers on lower limb 28. Characters differing O. flagris from O. rhodopeplus, O. chrysostictus and other six species appear in the percentage of orbit diameter. In addition, O. flagris has shorter pelvic fin rays but longer caudal peduncle and third dorsal fin spine. Its morphological features, distribution, remarks and photo of species are given in this paper.

Adaptive Variation in Body Size, Age, Morphology, Egg Size, and Developmental Biology of Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) in British Columbia

1987 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 244-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Beacham ◽  
C. B. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Biology ◽  
British Columbia ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Lower Number ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Meristic Characters ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta

Chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) stocks in British Columbia spawning from August through January and in rivers of different size were surveyed for variation in sex ratios, age composition, meristic characters, morphology, and developmental biology. Males were more abundant than females at the younger (2 and 3 yr of age) and older (5 and 6 yr of age) age-classes. Males had larger heads, thicker caudal peduncles, and larger dorsal fins than did females, but females had larger anal fins than did males. Stocks from large rivers had larger heads, thicker caudal peduncles, and larger fins than did those from small rivers. Chum salmon in an area characterized by a lower number of gillrakers also had a lower number of branchiostegal rays. At the same incubation temperature, alevin hatching time was similar for all stocks examined except those from the Queen Charlotte Islands, which was later than the other stocks. Early-spawning stocks had older fish, larger eggs, and later times of fry emergence than did late-spawning stocks. Late-spawning stocks had higher survival rates of embryos at 4 °C than did early-spawning ones. Stocks had different trends in alevin and fry length and weight with respect to incubation temperature. Northern stocks were more efficient than southern stocks at converting egg yolk to fry body weight at low incubation temperatures (4 °C). Selection has produced stocks adapted to the various environments that they encounter in their natal streams, allowing chum salmon to exploit a wide variety of spawning habitats in British Columbia.

Phenotypic Differentiation in Seasonal Ecotypes of Chum Salmon, Oncorhynchus keta

1991 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross F. Tallman ◽  
Michael C. Healey
Keyword(s):  
Egg Size ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Downstream Migration ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Age At Maturity ◽  
Similar Time ◽  
Phenotypic Differentiation ◽  
Chum Salmon Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Spawning Stock ◽  
Autumn And Winter

We compared the reproductive environments and phenotypes of early and late season breeding stocks of chum salmon, Oncorhynchus keta, to test the hypothesis that seasonal separation has resulted in phenotypically distinct forms. These were autumn- and winter-spawning populations from Bush Creek (Vancouver Island, B.C.) and a winter-spawning stock from nearby Walker Creek. All stocks had a similar time of downstream migration of the fry. No differences were found among the Walker Creek and the autumn-spawning stock of Bush Creek in age at maturity, length composition of spawners, egg size, vertebral counts of adults and fry, and time of fry migration. The winter-spawning stock of Bush Creek differed from the other stocks in egg size and vertebral counts. Discriminant analysis of 10 morphological features of the fry revealed considerable overlap in body form among the stocks. These results do not support the hypothesis that distinct life history morphs are associated with the season of reproduction. We propose that the large amount of similarity in terms of morphology and seasonality among the populations may be the product of selection. Genetic divergence may have occurred to compensate for the environmental differences experienced during embryonic development.

scholarly journals Resurrection of the genus Homalopteroides (Teleostei: Balitoridae) with a redescription of H. modestus (Vinciguerra 1890)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3586 (1) ◽  
pp. 329 ◽  
Author(s):  
ZACHARY S. RANDALL ◽  
LAWRENCE M. PAGE
Keyword(s):  
Lateral Line ◽  
Head Length ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Interorbital Width ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Orbital Rim ◽  
Pectoral Fin Rays ◽  
Pelvic Fin

The genus Homalopteroides Fowler 1905 is resurrected and distinguished from the genus Homaloptera van Hasselt 1823based on a combination of characters including a unique mouth morphology, dorsal-fin origin over pelvic fin,≤60 lateral-line scales, and≤30 predorsal scales. Species included in Homalopteroides are H. wassinkii (Bleeker 1853), H. modestus(Vinciguerra 1890), H. rupicola (Prashad & Mukerji 1929), H. smithi (Hora 1932), H. stephensoni (Hora 1932), H. weberi(Hora 1932), H. tweediei (Herre 1940), H. indochinensis (Silas 1953), H. nebulosus (Alfred 1969), H. yuwonoi (Kottelat1998), and possibly H. manipurensis (Arunkumar 1999). Homalopteroides modestus (Vinciguerra 1890) is a poorlyknown species that was originally described from the Meekalan and Meetan rivers of southern Myanmar. It occurs in theSalween, Mae Khlong, and Tenasserim basins, and can be distinguished from all other species of Homalopteroides by thecombination of caudal-fin pattern (black proximal and distal bars, median blotch), 15 pectoral-fin rays, pectoral-fin lengthgreater than head length, 5½–6½ scales above and 5–6 scales below the lateral line (to the pelvic fin), 39–44 total lateral-line pores, no axillary pelvic-fin lobe, pelvic fin not reaching anus, orbital length less than interorbital width in adult, and maxillary barbel reaching to or slightly past the anterior orbital rim.

Redescription of Mugil setosus Gilbert 1892 with comments on the occurrence of Mugil curema Valenciennes 1836 in the Pacific Ocean (Teleostei: Perciformes: Mugilidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4671 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-406
Author(s):  
RICARDO BRITZKE ◽  
NAÉRCIO A. MENEZES ◽  
MAURO NIRCHIO
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Pacific Coast ◽  
The Third ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
The Pacific Ocean ◽  
The Western Pacific ◽  
Pectoral Fin Rays ◽  
Pelvic Fin

Mugil setosus Gilbert 1892 was originally described by Gilbert based on specimens from Clarion Island, in the western and most remote of the Revillagigedo Islands, about 1,000 km off the western Pacific coast of Mexico. Examination of the type of material and recently collected specimens from Ecuador and Peru, resulted in the redescription provided herein. Diagnostic characters of the species were mainly: tip of the pelvic fin reaching beyond the vertical through the base of the third dorsal-fin spine, the pectoral-fin rays with ii+13–14 rays, the anterodorsal tip of second (soft) dorsal fin uniformly dark, and an external row of larger teeth, and more internally a patch of scattered smaller teeth, visible mainly in adults 150 mm SL. The expansion of geographic distribution of Mugil setosus and occurrence of Mugil curema Valenciennes 1836 in the Pacific Ocean are discussed. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document