The chromosomes of Gryllus field cricket populations in central Chile (Insecta: Grylloptera: Gryllidae)

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 2626-2631 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Lamborot ◽  
E. Alvarez-Sarret
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Field Cricket ◽  
X Chromosomes ◽  
Specific Level ◽  
Central Chile ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group B ◽  
Chilean Populations

Samples of Gryllus crickets from 13 localities in central Chile were studied to determine the number and morphology of their chromosomes. The diploid number was found to be 28 autosomes plus XO for males and XX for females. Three populations out of 13 analyzed presented a high percentage of individuals bearing one, two, three, or four supernumerary chromosomes; the B chromosomes are the smallest of the complement. The common karyotype can be arranged into three groups: group A with nine pairs of metacentric chromosomes including the X chromosomes; group B with three pairs of submetacentrics, one of them with a satellite; and group C with three pairs of subtelocentric chromosomes. The diploid numbers reported for this group of populations of Gryllus fit well with those reported for several species of the genus, but great differences exist between the Chilean populations of Gryllus and all other species of the genus previously reported. Minor differences were established when the Chilean populations of Gryllus were compared with those of Gryllus argentinus from Argentina. The importance of the chromosomal differences at the specific level, the existence of the B chromosomes, as well as other chromosomal features are discussed. The name Gryllus fulvipennis Blanchard would seem advisable for the time being until a whole taxonomic revision of neotropical species of the genus is undertaken.

Microbiology of cerumen in patients with recurrent otitis externa and cases with open mastoidectomy cavities

2004 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yavuz Selim Pata ◽  
Candan Öztürk ◽  
Yücel Akbaş ◽  
Murat Ünal ◽  
Kemal Görür ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Chronic Otitis Media ◽  
Open Cavity ◽  
Microbial Flora ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

This study investigated the common flora of human cerumen in patients with recurrent otitis externa, and subjects who had been operated on and had an open mastoidectomy cavity from chronic otitis media.Cerumen samples were collected from three groups; group A (n = 20) consisted of patients with recurrent otitis externa, group B (n = 20) consisted of patients with an open cavity and group C (n = 30) consisted of healthy subjects.The mean of the microbial count was 3.4 × 104 in group A, 3.08 × 104 in group B and 2.48 × 104 in group C. The most commonly isolated microorganism from the three groups was Staphylococcus epidermidis. No growth was observed in five cases (25 per cent) in group A and in three cases (10 per cent) in group C. In groupB antimicrobial growth was observed in all samples. In 46 (65 per cent) of the cerumen samples,the isolates were monomicrobial and 24 (35 per cent) of the cerumen samples were polymicrobial. The isolates were polymicrobial in 65 per cent of group A, 20 per cent in group B and 23.3 per cent in group C.In the process of investigating the microbial flora of cerumen in all the three groups, microbial growth was observed from all the samples from patients with an open cavity, unlike the other groups, and it was determined that the group with recurrent external otitis had the most abundant microbial flora.

PACHYTENE MORPHOLOGY OF PRUNUS AVIUM L. CV. LAMBERT

1969 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. D. P. Whelan
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Interstitial Deletion ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Prunus Avium L

Analysis of pachytene chromosomes of Prunus avium L. cv. Lambert revealed that only chromosomes 1, 2 and 3 were sufficiently differentiated to be identifiable. These chromosomes were classified as Group A. Chromosome 3 had a large, interstitial deletion involving most of the short arm of one homologue. The remaining five chromosomes, designated as Group B, were primarily achromatic and could not be separated with certainty by morphological characteristics or arm length ratios.The centromeres of all chromosomes were easy to locate, being delimited on both sides by intensely stained chromatic regions. In the Group B chromosomes no other chromatic regions were evident. Telochromomeres were not detected in any chromosome, though the short arm of the Group A chromosomes terminated in a chromatic knob or satellite.Interpretation of pachynema was difficult as the chromosomes failed to spread. They appeared to be associated with each other in the area of chromatic centers.

Variability of the Centromeric Index of Group A and Group B Chromosomes in MZ and DZ Twins

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 183-183
Author(s):  
L. Gedda ◽  
G. Torrioli-Riggio ◽  
L. Romei ◽  
L. Silvani
Keyword(s):  
Chromosomal Aberrations ◽  
Morphological Variability ◽  
Chromosome Morphology ◽  
B Chromosomes ◽  
Pilot Test ◽  
Centromeric Index ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Mz Twins

In the course of routine work in the caryological laboratory at the Mendel Institute, we have often noticed the repetition in families, and especially in MZ twins, of alterations in chromosome morphology that can hardly be included among chromosomal aberrations proper (translocations, deletions, etc.). Since such variations do not generally reflect any pathology in the individuals involved, the occurrence of a normal morphological variability of chromosomes has been postulated.In order to test this hypothesis, we have measured several clearly defined and standardized chromosomal parameters, obtaining the classical structure of the twin test, i.e., the comparison between experimental measures in MZ and DZ twin pairs.The parameter that was selected for the test is the centromeric index of Group A and Group B chromosomes, intended as the ratio of long arm length to short arm length. In order to avoid method and operator influences, a pilot test was carried out, repeating five times the culture from blood of the same individual, and having the slides read by five different operators; thus, the variability due to the method and to the operator was assessed.

scholarly journals FIBRE HETEROGENEITY IN THE CLOSER AND OPENER MUSCLES OF CRAYFISH WALKING LEGS

1993 ◽  
Vol 175 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Gunzel ◽  
S. Galler ◽  
W. Rathmayer
Keyword(s):  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Muscle Group ◽  
Astacus Leptodactylus ◽  
Shortening Velocity ◽  
The Third ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Excitatory Junction Potentials ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group B

1. The closer and opener muscles in the third walking legs of the three crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus, Procambarus clarkii and Astacus leptodactylus are composed of fibres which differ in histochemistry, electrophysiology and morphology. Three major groups of fibres (A, B and C) were distinguished. 2. Group A fibres react weakly to histochemical stains for myofibrillar ATPase (mATPase) activity characteristic of fibres with slow shortening speeds. In the opener muscle, they are innervated by the opener excitor (OE) and the specific opener inhibitor (OI). In the closer muscle, group A fibres are innervated by the common inhibitory neurone (CI) in addition to single (slow closer excitor, SCE) or double excitatory (SCE and fast closer excitor, FCE) innervation. Group A fibres have the largest excitatory junction potentials (EJPs), the longest membrane time constants (tau) and the longest sarcomeres. They are located at the very distal and proximal ends of both muscles. 3. Group B fibres show higher mATPase activity than group A fibres. In the opener muscle, they are innervated by OE and OI; in the closer muscle, they receive double excitatory (SCE and FCE) and CI innervation. Single SCE and OE EJPs are small; those caused by FCE are larger. tau is shorter than in the other two fibre groups. Sarcomere lengths lie between those of group A and C fibres. Group B fibres are found along the entire lengths of both muscles. 4. Group C fibres exhibit the highest mATPase activity (characteristic of fibres with fast shortening velocity) which, in contrast to the ATPase of group B fibres, is not resistant to alkaline preincubation at pH 10.05. In the closer, these fibres lack innervation by CI, otherwise the innervation pattern is identical to that of group B fibres. EJP size is similar to that of group B fibres; tau ranges between values for group A and B fibres. Sarcomere lengths are the shortest of all the fibre types. Group C fibres constitute the majority of the fibres in the two muscles and mainly occupy the central regions.

scholarly journals Distribution of ABO, Rhesus D and Subgroups of ABO among Blood Donors in Sokoto, North Western Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-13
Author(s):  
A. B. Ibrahim ◽  
H. Attahiru ◽  
O. Erhabor ◽  
P. F. Udomah ◽  
A. Yakubu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tile Method ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group B ◽  
North Western

ABO, Rhesus D and subgroups of ABO are highly immunogenic and are the common cause of antibody production in mismatched blood transfusions, haemolytic transfusion reaction and maternal alloimmunization. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of ABO, Rh D and subgroups of ABO among blood donors attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto, Nigeria. ABO, Rhesus D and subgroups of ABO antigen status of 176 blood donors with mean age of 30.44 ± 8.210 years attending Specialist Hospital Sokoto were determined using tile method for ABO and Rh D and conventional tube method for anti- A1, anti- H reagents for ABO subgroups respectively. Among the 176 subjects tested, blood group O+ was the most frequent group with 93 (52.8%), 39 (22.2%) were blood group B+, 37(21.0%) were blood group A+, 5 (2.8%) were blood group AB+, 2 (1.1%) were blood group O-. No data was obtained for A-, B- and AB- blood groups.  Out of 37 A blood groups obtained, 31 (83.8%) had A1 antigens and 6 (16.2%) had A2 antigens. Out of the 5 AB blood groups, all had A1B antigens. The study also shows that there was statistically significant difference between blood group A and ethnic groups (Hausa, Fulani and Yoruba) (p<0.05). Blood group O was found to be the most frequent followed by B, A and AB except among Hausa which revealed a pattern of O> A> B> AB. ABO, subgroups shows majority had A1 followed by A2 and A1B respectively.

scholarly journals The Dose per Fraction May be correlated with Late Kidney Toxicity after Total Body Irradiation: a Single Institution Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Total Body Irradiation ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Group B ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease Group ◽  
Dose Per Fraction

Background: The purpose of the present study was to retrospectively evaluate the subacute or late toxicities in the kidney, lung, and liver after two total body irradiation regimens, 12 Gy in 6 fractions (group A) and 12 Gy in 4 fractions (group B). Methods: Forty-two patients who underwent total body irradiation (group A, n=32; group B, n=10) between June 1997 and June 2013 were included in the present study. The median follow up period was 60 months (range: 3–219 months) for the patients in group A and 143 months (range: 5–220 months) for the patients in group B. We evaluated the renal, pulmonary, and hepatic toxicities using the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Results: There were 4 cases of chronic kidney disease (group A, n=1; group B, n=3). Although the cumulative incidence of chronic kidney disease differed significantly between the two total body irradiation regimens (p=0.014), the pulmonary and hepatic toxicities did not differ to a statistically significant extent. Conclusion: The present study suggests that a higher dose per fraction caused a higher incidence of chronic kidney disease.

Observation on the clinical effect and survival period of patients with esophageal cancer treated with UMIPIC combined with low dose radiotherapy.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e16517-e16517
Author(s):  
Jian Liu ◽  
Peng Jing ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Wei Shang ◽  
Peicheng Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Low Dose Radiotherapy ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group B

e16517 Background: To observe the clinical effect and survival period of UMIPIC (ultra-minimum incision personalized intratuoral chemoimmunotherapy) combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of esophageal cancer. Methods: 712 patients with esophageal cancer who received UMIPIC treatment in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2015 were selected for the study subjects, 540 cases were treated by UMIPIC combination with radiotherapy in group A and 172 cases were treated by UMIPIC without radiotherapy in group B. All patients were diagnosed with esophageal cancer, and signed the consent for treatment. The patients were treated according to the UMIPIC treatment guidelines. This study was to observe the adverse reactions, clinical efficacy, survival and survival rate of esophageal cancer patients treated with UMIPIC combined with low-dose radiotherapy. Results: The common adverse reactions in group A were fever (18.06%), pain (8.89%), hemoglobin reduction (5.59%), leucopenia (5.40%), nausea (1.48%) and thrombocytopenia (1.12%);The common adverse reactions in group B were fever (26.16%), hemoglobin reduction (17.16%), pain (16.86%), leucopenia (3.55%), thrombocytopenia (2.35%), nausea (1.74%), liver function damage (2.42%), renal function damage (1.21%) and vomiting (1.16%). The other adverse reactions were all lower than 1.00%; The fever, pain and hemoglobin decrease in group A were significantly lower than those in group B (P < 0.05). There were 522 patients whose clinical efficacy could be evaluated in 712 patients. The benefit rate of group A was 95.28%, higher than that of group B 91.84%.The mean and median survival time of group A was 28.412 and 15.670 months, significantly higher than that of group B at 22.103 and 7.070 months. The 1-year survival rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B (P < 0.05). The 1-year, 2-year and 5-year survival rates of group A were 60.05%, 35.61% and 28.26% while the 1-year, 2-year and 5-year survival rates of group B were 36.94%, 26.44% and 25.00%. Conclusions: The main adverse reactions of UMIPIC in the treatment of esophageal cancer are fever and pain, and other adverse reactions are relatively low. Combined radiotherapy can improve the clinical benefit rate, prolong the survival time and the clinical treatment effect is good, it is encouraged to treat esophageal cancer using local therapy of UMPIC with radiotherapy at low dose.

scholarly journals Stenting in the common femoral vein does not increase posthrombotic syndrome or rethrombosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S Krause ◽  
J M J R Telayna ◽  
R A Costantini ◽  
J M Telayna
Keyword(s):  
Stent Placement ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Iliac Vein ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Common Femoral Vein ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group B ◽  
Venous Stents

Abstract Background In lower limbs deep venous thrombosis (DVT) scenario there is evidence that favours catheter guided invasive treatment. The treatment with stenting in the common femoral vein could be related with a diminished permeability in the inflow of the deep femoral vein. There is scarce data of the clinical follow up of this treatment. Purpose To analize and compare clinical and procedural outcomes in endovenous interventions that required stent placement in the common femoral vein because of residual lesion vs interventions that did no require such treatment. Methods From May 2010 to December 2020, 122 endovenous interventions were performed, within these 74 were DVT compromising the iliofemoral territory. Two groups were defined: Group A 28 (38%) that required stent placement in the common femoral vein and Group B 46 (62%) that did not required such treatment. Results Baseline characteristics were Group A vs Group B n (%) respectively: Median age 41.1±16.7 vs 40.5±18.8; female 23 (82) vs 27 (58); smoking 7 (25) vs 14 (30); cancer 1 (4) vs 7 (15); prior prolonged rest 7 (25) vs 14 (30); concomitant diagnosis of pulmonary embolism 7 (25) vs 17 (37). Within the female population 2 (7) vs 1 (2) were in puerperium; 6 (21) vs 6 (13) were under contraceptive therapy. Regarding the diagnosis of DVT 21 (75) vs 37 (80) were acute; 7 (25) vs 9 (19) were chronic. Compromised vessels were primitive iliac vein 21 (75) vs 38 (82); external iliac vein 6 (21) vs 18 (39); superficial femoral vein 11 (39) vs 8 (17); May-Thurner syndrome 14 (50) vs 20 (43). As regards the aspects of the intervention 15 (53) vs 34 (74) had a filter implanted in the inferior vena cava; thrombolytics were infused in 20 (71) vs 32 (70); manual thrombectomy was performed in 8 (27) vs 17 (37); mechanical thrombectomy 11 (39) vs 19 (41); pre dilation with balloon was performed in 22 (79) vs 39 (85); dedicated venous stents were implanted in 22 (78) vs 39 (85); not dedicated venous stents in 13 (46) vs 11 (24). Technique success was achieved in 28 (100) vs 45 (98) p=1; major bleeding occurred 0 vs 2 (4) p=0.5; rethrombosis 3 (10) vs 9 (20) p=0.25; intrahospital death 1 (4) vs 2 (4) p=1; early reintervention was needed 1 (4) vs 2 (4) p=1, radiation dose (min) 35.4±20.2 vs 30.1±17.0 p=0.2; Contrast (ml) 216.5±76.8 vs 217.3±90.8 p=0.9. During follow up (34.1±31.5 vs 22.3±16.4) image control was performed in 27 (96) vs 39 (85) p=0.23 with either doppler or chest computed tomography angiography. Post thrombotic syndrome (PTS) symptoms were classified with Villalta Score assuming that 0–4 points had no PTS, 5–9 points presented mild PTS, 10–14 points moderate PTS, &gt;14 points severe PTS, in Group A 1 (4) presented mild PTS vs Group B 2 (4) mild PTS p=1, 1 (2) moderate PTS. Conclusions Endovenous treatment with stent placement in the common femoral vein did not required more reinterventions nor had more complications nor had more PTS that the interventions without stent placement. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: None. Table 1. Basal Characteristics Table 2. Outcomes

MO777HISTOLOGICAL AND IMMUNOPHENOTYPICAL VESSEL CHANGES IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aikaterini Lysitska ◽  
Nikiforos Galanis ◽  
Ioannis Skandalos ◽  
Eustathios Mitsopoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Antoniadis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Internal Carotid ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Ckd Stage ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background and Aims Recent studies suggest thw possibility of activating immune mechanism in the onset and progression of atherosclerotic disease. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of immune mechanisms in the vessel of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and the association with clinical and laboratory indicators of atherosclerosis. Method Patients with CKD stage V, in whom a radiocephalic arteriovenous fistula (RC-AVF) was created, were included in the study. Patients were divided in two groups, group A was consisted of patients who were on stage V, pre-dialysis, and being prepared to start on hemodialysis (HD), and those who had already been on HD for at least 3 years, and were having a new RC-AVF formation, due to previous failure, group B. Inclusion criteria were: age 25-80 years, gradual deterioration of renal function up to stage V or under dialysis for more than 3 years. All patients should have been under close follow up for at least 3 years prior to enrolment, with adequate control of diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism and anemia. The control group included healthy volunteers of similar age, sex and ethnicity, who agreed to have a radial artery biopsy during an orthopedic procedure because of a fracture. All patients were informed and signed the consent form. Patients’ history, primary disease and comorbid conditions, medication and clinical examination were recorded based on hospital outpatients’ files. Prior to the scheduled day of RC-AVF creation, all patients underwent laboratory examination, included hematological and serum biochemical analyses. The histological characteristics, inflammatory activation and immunophenotypic alterations of the radial artery wall were estimated and their association with the severity of calcification and atherosclerosis were studied. Presence and severity of atherosclerotic lesions in CKD patients was assessed based on the measurement of common carotid intima – media thickness (IMT) of the common and internal carotid on both sides. Results Significant correlation was fount between inflammatory infiltration [expression of CD3(+), CD20(+), CD68(+) cells], cellular activation [CD34(+), a-SMA(+) cells] and calcification regulators (MPG, RANKL, OPG) with the degree of vascular calcification, as this was estimated and classified based on Verhoff’s Elastic and von Kossa staining Forty five patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), stage V, either pre-dialysis (p=25) (group A) or on hemodialysis (HD) (p=20) (group B) were included in the study. There were no significant differences in age, sex, race, and also in the frequency of hypertension, diabetes mellitus or smoking habits between patients and controls. Presence and severity of atherosclerotic lesions in CKD patients was assessed based on the measurement of common carotid intima – media thickness (IMT) of the common and internal carotid on both sides. Conclusion Atherosclerotic disease in Chronic KidnEy Disease and its clinical effects appear to be directly related to inflammatory ifiltration of blood vessels by T, B lymphocytes, macrophages and myofibrolasts, as well as factors that affect calcification.

scholarly journals A COMPARATIVE CLINICAL STUDY TO EVALUATE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRYUSHSANADHI GUGGULU AND NAVAKA GUGGULU IN DYSLIPIDEMIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2392-2396
Author(s):  
Merin Jose ◽  
Ravindra Bhat K ◽  
Waheeda Banu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Common ◽  
Group B

Dyslipidemia occurs when there is an elevation in the levels of plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, or a decreased level of HDL levels. It is one of the main causes that contribute to the event of atherosclerosis and a major cause of various lifestyle disorders. Dyslipidemia being the common issue faced by mankind, there is a necessity to combat it with the drugs mentioned in the classics. In this regard, an attempt has been made to critically review the action of two important drugs mentioned in the classical texts which help in managing Dyslipidemia. The pre- sent study was aimed to assess the clinical effectiveness of Tryushanadhi guggulu and Navaka guggulu in Dyslipidemia and to compare the effectiveness of both after therapy. This comparative clinical study was con- ducted with pre and post designs in 40 patients diagnosed with Dyslipidemia with 20 patients in each in two groups viz Group A and Group B treated with Tryushanadhi guggulu and Navaka guggulu respectively. The as- sessment was done before and after the treatment with Objective criteria. After a thorough assessment, it was found out that Group A (Tryushanadhi guggulu:20.87%) had better results compared to Group B (Navaka guggu- lu:10.37%). Keywords: Dyslipidemia, Tryushanadhi guggulu, Navaka guggulu, Medoroga

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