Year-round presence of high levels of plasma antifreeze peptides in a temperate fish, ocean pout (Macrozoarces americanus)

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Garth L. Fletcher ◽  
Choy L. Hew ◽  
Xiaomao Li ◽  
Katsuji Haya ◽  
Ming H. Kao
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Seasonal Cycles ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Temperate Fish ◽  
Antifreeze Peptides ◽  
Antifreeze Activity

The annual cycle of plasma antifreeze activity and Na+ and Cl− concentrations were measured in Newfoundland and New Brunswick ocean pout (Macrozoarces americanus) maintained in the laboratory under Newfoundland conditions of water temperature and photoperiod. The Na+ and Cl− concentrations and antifreeze activity showed distinct seasonal cycles in both groups of fish, with the highest values occurring during the winter. Relatively high concentrations of antifreeze peptides were present in the Newfoundland ocean pout at all times of the year. Antifreeze peptides were also present in the New Brunswick fish throughout the year; however, the concentrations found were approximately one-tenth of those observed in Newfoundland fish. A comparison of the antifreeze peptides from summer and winter samples from Newfoundland ocean pout and winter samples from New Brunswick ocean pout using high performance liquid chromatography revealed essentially identical elution profiles.

scholarly journals Rifampicin and isoniazid plasma concentrations in relation to adverse reactions in tuberculosis patients: a retrospective analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 239-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Aït Moussa ◽  
O. El Bouazzi ◽  
S. Serragui ◽  
D. Soussi Tanani ◽  
A. Soulaymani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
High Concentrations

Objective: High concentrations of antituberculosis (anti-TB) drugs can be associated with many adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The objective of this study was to examine the plasma concentrations of rifampicin (RMP) and isoniazid (INH) in patients with and without ADRs. Methods: Concentration monitoring data of patients treated with anti-TB drugs were retrospectively analyzed from 2009 to 2011. RMP and INH plasma concentrations were measured 2 and 3 h after drug administration respectively using high-performance liquid chromatography. Results: A total of 54 out of 120 patients have experienced ADRs to anti-TB drugs. The median concentrations [interquartile range (IQR)] obtained in patients with and without ADRs were 6.7 mg/l (3.7–9.9) and 5.6 mg/l (2.9–8.6) ( p = 0.56) for RMP and 4.3 mg/l (2.3–5.3) and 3.1 mg/l (1.7–4.8) ( p = 0.04) for INH, respectively. Related median doses (IQR) were 8.7 mg/kg (8.0–10.0) and 8.6 mg/kg (6.5–9.9) ( p = 0.42) for RMP and 4.8 mg/kg (4.3–5.0) and 4.0 mg/kg (2.8–5) ( p < 0.01) for INH, respectively. Concentrations above the expected range in patients with and without ADRs were not reached for RMP, but were 76% and 65% for INH, respectively. Correlation between concentrations and doses has not been established for RMP or INH. In addition, high INH concentrations showed no association with sex, age, liver injury or renal or diabetes. Conclusions: High INH concentrations were common in patients with and without ADRs whereas RMP concentrations were low or within the normal range in most patients. Further studies are required to assess the association between high INH concentrations and the occurrence of ADRs.

Regional differences in catecholamine concentrations in bovine ovaries analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography

1991 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. A. Denning-Kendall ◽  
M. L. Wild ◽  
Wathes D. C.
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT Bovine corpora lutea and ovarian stroma were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography for catecholamine content. High concentrations (up to 102 nmol/g wet weight) were found in both 'central' stroma, containing many blood vessels, and 'peripheral' stroma. Central stroma contained noradrenaline and some dopamine, whereas peripheral stroma contained a higher proportion of dopamine and also significant amounts of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC). Occasional samples of stroma had very high amounts of dopamine, suggesting that it is stored in specific regions. Corpora lutea, although devoid of direct innervation, contained dopamine (up to 5·3 nmol/g) and noradrenaline (up to 1·2 nmol/g). The average dopamine: noradrenaline molar ratio was 1·19 : 1 and the concentrations of dopamine and noradrenaline were highly correlated (P < 0·002). The concentration of dopamine was significantly higher in the early luteal phase of the oestrous cycle than during the rest of the cycle or in pregnancy. The levels of noradrenaline and dopamine present in corpora lutea are sufficient to modulate the production of both oxytocin and progesterone by luteal cells in vitro. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 129, 221–226

A novel pituitary protein (7B2)-like immunoreactivity is secreted by a rat phaeochromocytoma cell line (PC12)

1986 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Suzuki ◽  
A. S. Tischler ◽  
N. D. Christofides ◽  
M. Chretien ◽  
N. G. Seidah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Pc12 Cell ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
Reverse Phase Hplc ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Gel Permeation ◽  
High Concentrations

ABSTRACT High concentrations of a novel pituitary protein (7B2) have been shown to be present in the PC12 rat phaeochromocytoma cell line by radioimmunoassay. 7B2-like immunoreactivity (IR-7B2) was released from PC12 cells into the incubation medium in response to stimulation by a depolarizing concentration of K+, and this K+-evoked release was inhibited by Co2+, The major IR-7B2 in PC12 cell and medium appeared to be identical to that in porcine pituitary gland as judged by both gel permeation chromatography and by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Gel permeation chromatography of extracts of cell and medium revealed two IR-7B2 peaks, the earlier eluting at a elution coefficient (Kav) of 0·30 and the later at a Kav of 0·54. In medium, over 90% of the IR-7B2 eluted as the earlier peak. Fractionation of extracts of cell and medium on reverse-phase HPLC showed three main IR-7B2 peaks eluting at 43, 44·5 and 46% acetonitrile/water with 0·1% trifluoroacetic acid. The findings suggest that IR-7B2 might be released by calcium-mediated exocytosis. J. Endocr. (1986) 108, 151–155

scholarly journals First Detection of Tetrodotoxins in the Cotylean Flatworm Prosthiostomum trilineatum

Marine Drugs ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Rei Suo ◽  
Maho Kashitani ◽  
Hikaru Oyama ◽  
Masaatsu Adachi ◽  
Ryota Nakahigashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
First Time

Several polyclad flatworm species are known to contain high levels of tetrodotoxin (TTX), but currently TTX-bearing flatworms seem to be restricted to specific Planocera lineages belonging to the suborder Acotylea. During our ongoing study of flatworm toxins, high concentrations of TTXs were detected for the first time in the flatworm Prosthiostomum trilineatum, suborder Cotylea, from the coastal area of Hayama, Kanagawa, Japan. Toxin levels were investigated by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), revealing that this species contains comparable concentrations of toxins as seen in planocerid flatworms such as Planocera multitentaculata. This finding indicated that there may be other species with significant levels of TTXs. The distribution of TTXs among other flatworm species is thus of great interest.

Measurement of Procainamide and N-Acetylprocainamide in Serum by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 636-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lillian R Shukur ◽  
James L Powers ◽  
Roberto A Marques ◽  
Michael E Winter ◽  
W Sadèe
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Parent Drug ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Standard Deviations ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Mance Liquid Chromatography

Abstract We measured procainamide (I) and its metabolite, N¬acetylprocainamide (II), in human serum samples by sol¬vent extraction, high-performance liquid chromatography on a reverse phase column, and detection at 280 nm, with use of external standards. The method requires 0.2 ml of serum and is sensitive to 0.3 mg of I and 0.6 mg of II per liter of serum, with intra-assay standard deviations of 0.22 and 0.24 mg/liter, respectively, at 5 mg/liter (n = 10) and inter-assay standard deviations of 0.63 and 0.81 mg/liter, respectively, at 7.5 mg/liter (CV 8.4 and 10.5 % , respec¬tively, n = 20). Concentrations measured by high-perfor¬mance liquid chromatography and by an established flu¬orescence technique correlated well (r = 0.98 for I and 0.97 for II). No interfering substances were found in 20 randomly selected sera from patients receiving a large number of other drugs. Of the pure drug substances tested, only sulfathiazole interfered with the assay of II. The method is therefore suitable for routinely monitoring these compounds in serum in a clinical laboratory. The high concentrations of the metabolite in a significant number of patients demonstrate the need to consider it as well as the parent drug as guides in optimizing dosage regiments for I.

Occurrence, Concentration, and Toxicity of Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids in Crotalaria Seeds

Weed Science ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 476-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Coburn Williams ◽  
Russell J. Molyneux
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
The Other ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Crotalaria Spectabilis

Seed of 41 accessions of Crotalaria representing 35 species were analyzed for the concentration of total pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) and for oral toxicity to 1-week-old chicks. All accessions were assayed for the presence of monocrotaline and spectabiline by thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). High concentrations of PA were found in the seed of Crotalaria spectabilis Roth # CVTSP (3.85%), C. retusa L. (2.69%), C. alata Leveille (1.60%), C. quinquefolia L. (1.19%), and C. argyrolobioides Bak. (1.01%). The seed of Crotalaria argyrolobioides produced toxic signs but no deaths when fed at 10 mg/g of body weight, whereas the seed of the other four species were 100% lethal when fed to chicks in one dose at 2 to 6 mg/g of body weight. Seed of other species contained less than 0.6% PA and were nontoxic to chicks fed one dose at 10 mg/g of body weight. Monocrotaline was identified in 17 accessions and spectabiline in 7. No species contained both monocrotaline and spectabiline.

Anthocyanin indexes, quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin concentration in leaves and fruit ofAbutilon theophrastiMedik. genetic resources

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-89
Author(s):  
J. B. Morris ◽  
M. L. Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Abutilon Theophrasti ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Cultivar Development ◽  
Weedy Species ◽  
High Concentrations

Anthocyanin indexes, quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin may provide industry with potential new medicines or nutraceuticals. Velvetleaf (Abutilon theophrastiMedik) leaves from 42 plant introductions (PI) were analyzed for anthocyanin indexes while both leaves and fruit were used for quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin concentration analysis by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. Leaf anthocyanin indexes ranged from 6.15 to 11.25 among PI. Leaf quercetin and kaempferol concentrations ranged from 1.50 to 4.79 mg/g and 0.43 to 2.17 mg/g, respectively. Fruit quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin concentrations ranged from 0.061 to 0.266 mg/g, 0.054 to 0.734 mg/g, and 0 to 35.87 μg/g, respectively. Significant differences in leaf weight were also observed. Significant correlations were found between several traits. This information regarding anthocyanin indexes, quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin concentrations will be useful for velvetleaf cultivar development. Breeders and other scientists could use this germplasm that contains high concentrations of anthocyanins, quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin to develop new medicines or nutraceuticals from an extremely useful weedy species.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF SECRETION OF PROSTAGLANDINS E2 AND D2 WITH DIBOTHRIOCHEPHALLUS DENDRITICUS (CESTODA) PLEROCERCOIDS IN RESPONSE TO EXPOSURE OF BLOOD SERUM OF BAIKAL CISCO, THE HOST

2020 ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
Kutyrev ◽  
Olennikov ◽  
Kaschenko ◽  
Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Immune System ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
Physiological Solution ◽  
Prostaglandin D2 ◽  
High Concentrations

Parasites regulate host immune response via secretion of soluble mediators which interact in a certain way with cells and molecules of the immune system. The aim of the study was to determine changes of prostaglandins E2 и D2 content in Dibothriochephallus dendriticus plerocercoids and also in the incubation media during incubation of tapeworms with addition of blood serum from the intermediate host – Baikal cisco. D. dendriticus plerocercoids were retrieved from the host body cavity, ashed in the physiological solution and placed in incubation media. Microcolumn high-performance liquid chromatography was used to detect prostaglandins. Concentration of prostaglandins in the plerocercoid organism increased insignificantly after incubation in the Hanks’ solution with addition of blood serum, when compared with incubation in the Hanks’ solution only. Concentration of prostaglandin E2 increased significantly in the incubation media after incubation of plerocercoids in the Hanks’ solution with addition of blood serum. Prostaglandin D2 was also identified in high concentrations after 12 h and 24 h of incubation, whereas prostaglandin D2 was not quite detected during incubation in Hanks’ solution only.

Determination of histamine in fish and fish products: validation of photometric method

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
O.O. Kharchenko ◽  
◽  
M.P. Hulich ◽  
O.V. Yashchenko ◽  
I.Ye. Moiseienko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Photometric Method ◽  
Inexpensive Method ◽  
Total Uncertainty ◽  
Fish Products ◽  
High Concentrations

Topicality: The content of histamine in high concentrations causes a number of diseases that even lead to death, it is one of the indicators that characterizes the safety of fish and fish products. Therefore, the choice or development of a simple and inexpensive method for the determination of histamine content in fish and fish products is relevant. Objective: We confirmed the effectiveness of photometric method for the determination of histamine in fish and fish products by obtaining and analyzing validation characteristics. Results: Based on the results of validation, it has been substantiated and experimentally proved that the photometric method of quantitative determination of histamine can be correctly reproduced and is suitable for the quality control of measurements. The most acceptable results were obtained for histamine concentrations in the range from 50.0 ± 0.1 to 200.0 ± 0.5 mg/kg. The lower histamine concentrations are characterized by a higher percentage of total uncertainty, although it is also within acceptable values. Conclusions: Evaluation of the obtained validation characteristics indicates that this technique can be used to quantify the content of histamine in fish and fish products and is not inferior in accuracy and correctness to the method of high performance liquid chromatography.

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