Seasonal dynamics of Allopodocotyle boleosomi (Pearse, 1924) n. comb. (Digenea: Opecoelidae) in Wisconsin darters (Etheostomatinae)

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
pp. 2666-2672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Kuntz ◽  
William F. Font
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Additional Species ◽  
Physiological Factors ◽  
Etheostoma Flabellare ◽  
Taxonomic History ◽  
Seasonal Population ◽  
Seasonal Population Dynamics ◽  
Ecological Differences

Allopodocotyle boleosomi n. comb., created for Allocreadium boleosomi Pearse, 1924, is redescribed and its taxonomic history is reviewed. The purpose of our study was to determine seasonal population dynamics of A. boleosomi in O'Neil Creek darters. Etheostoma flabellare was most heavily infected with A. boleosomi. Etheostoma flabellare is one of the six species of darters occurring at a study site in O'Neil Creek, Chippewa County. Wisconsin. Seasonal changes in abundance and maturation of A. boleosomi in E. flabellare were studied for 14 consecutive months, and its occurrence in E. nigrum, E. caeruleum, E. zonale, Percina maculata, and P. caprodes was observed. Specimens of A. boleosomi were present in E. flabellare throughout the year, but displayed a distinct seasonal pattern of prevalence, relative density, and maturation. Most recruitment occurred in May and June and peak occurrence of gravid specimens was reached in July. Little growth or development of A. boleosomi took place during autumn, winter, or early spring. Each of the five other syntopic species of darters was less suitable as a host for A. boleosomi, some because of ecological differences and others perhaps because of physiological factors. Five additional species of helminths occurred in O'Neil Creek darters: Crepidostomum isostomum, Bothriocephalus formosus, Carnallanus oxycephalus, Pomphorhynchus bulbocolli, and Neoechinorhynchus sp.

Seasonal population dynamics of chewing lice (Phthiraptera: Amblycera and Ischnocera) infesting three species of woodpeckers (Aves: Piciformes: Picidae) in Manitoba, Canada

2016 ◽  
Vol 148 (6) ◽  
pp. 683-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Lamb ◽  
Terry D. Galloway
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Chewing Lice ◽  
Northern Flicker ◽  
Picoides Pubescens ◽  
Colaptes Auratus ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Seasonal Population ◽  
Seasonal Population Dynamics

AbstractThree species of woodpeckers (Piciformes: Picidae) in Manitoba, Canada, were examined for chewing lice (Phthiraptera): the resident downy woodpecker (Picoides pubescens(Linnaeus),n=55), and two migrants, yellow-bellied sapsucker (Sphyrapicus varius(Linnaeus),n=316) and northern flicker (Colaptes auratus(Linnaeus),n=225). Six species were collected:Menacanthus pici(Denny) (Amblycera: Menoponidae) from all hosts, and five species of Ischnocera (Philopteridae):Penenirmus auritus(Scopoli) from downy woodpeckers and sapsuckers,Picicola snodgrassi(Kellogg) andBrueelia straminea(Denny) from downy woodpeckers, andPenenirmus jungens(Kellogg) andPicicola porismaDalgleish from flickers. Adults and nymphs were present on downy woodpeckers all year, and on migrant sapsuckers and flickers from when they arrived until they left, suggesting lice reproduce continuously on their hosts. Prevalence and mean intensities of louse infestations generally decreased from their respective springtime levels to their lowest values during or at the end of the breeding season of their hosts, and then increased in various degrees during the fall. No seasonal pattern in louse sex ratios was observed except on northern flickers, where male to female ratios for two of three species were lowest during the breeding season. Resident and migrant hosts had similar seasonal patterns of infestation by lice.

Seasonal Distribution and Overwintering of Orius insidiosus (Say) in Arkansas

1996 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader Elkassabany ◽  
John R. Ruberson ◽  
Timothy J. Kring
Keyword(s):  
Early Spring ◽  
Seasonal Distribution ◽  
Reproductive Diapause ◽  
Orius Insidiosus ◽  
Hairy Vetch ◽  
Crimson Clover ◽  
Seasonal Habitats ◽  
Seasonal Population ◽  
Seasonal Population Dynamics ◽  
Corn Grain

The overwintering and seasonal habitats of Orius insidiosus (Say), timing of diapause in field populations, and seasonal population dynamics in selected crop and non-crop habitats were evaluated during 1992 and 1993 at two locations, one on southwestern and the other in central Arkansas. Each location consisted of three square miles (≈ 7.77 km2) of various habitats. Diapause status was determined by dissection. In early spring, females were found primarily on hairy vetch, crimson clover, and hairy buttercup. During that time, these weeds were flowering and were infested with high populations of thrips. During late spring and summer, populations of O. insidiosus increased in association with increasing thrips populations and flowering of corn, grain sorghum, cotton, and soybean. In the fall, population densities declined sharply and became widely dispersed. In the winter, females collected from both locations were in reproductive diapause from early November until mid-March. No males were recovered during the winter or early spring. Females in reproductive diapause were found to overwinter in vegetation, primarily grasses including wheat.

Seasonal changes in leaf and stem loline alkaloids in meadow fescue

2011 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Patchett ◽  
Ravi Gooneratne ◽  
Lester Fletcher ◽  
Bruce Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Sharp Decline ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Loline Alkaloids

Leaf and stem loline alkaloid concentration in 10 European meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis Huds.) lines grown in a field in Canterbury, New Zealand, were determined in samples collected six times between early spring 2004 and late autumn 2005. Significant differences in loline alkaloid concentrations were noted between lines and between harvest times. Higher total loline alkaloid concentrations (up to 4990 µg g–1) were found in stems compared to leaf (up to 1770 µg g–1). However, the seasonal accumulation pattern of different loline alkaloid concentrations in leaf and stem varied. In most lines, stem loline concentration peaked sharply in late spring and declined during early summer and autumn. The seasonal pattern of leaf loline alkaloid concentration followed the stem concentration except for a sharp decline in early summer followed by an increase in late summer. In most instances, the concentration of N-formyl loline was the highest > N-acetyl loline > N-acetyl norloline > N-methyl loline. The possible role of stem and leaf loline alkaloids to deter pasture-feeding insects is briefly discussed.

The distribution and dynamics of ked populations, Melophagus ovinus Linn.

Parasitology ◽  
1948 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Macleod
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
The Body ◽  
Late Spring ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Lower Side ◽  
Breeding Area ◽  
Melophagus Ovinus ◽  
Seasonal Population

Observations have been made on the distribution of adult and pupal keds over the body of sheep and lambs, and the seasonal changes in density and distribution have been followed by a series of counts on the same sixteen sheep throughout a period of 13 months.The method of assessing the adult population by counting the living keds was checked by killing and subsequently counting them, and is believed to give approximately correct results. Pupal estimations by the ‘live-count’ method gave results apparently 50 % below the actual values.The ked population builds up rapidly during late winter and early spring to a maximum in April and early May. A decline begins in May, and by June the population has decreased very considerably. During summer the unshorn lambs show a continued decrease, which may be due in whole or part to loss by transference to the shorn sheep.The greatest concentration during the peak infestation is on the chest, lower shoulder and lower rib wool. In winter and spring the population is more generally distributed, and may show a preference for the upper over the lower side wool. In summer the back is practically deserted and the upper sides only sparsely populated. The throat and chest region is a favoured site the year round, and there is some indication that the throat may be a breeding area.Generally speaking, the adult and pupal populations are proportionately distributed. In late spring, however, puparia tend to be laid to a greater extent, relative to the adult population, in the lower than the upper surface fleece.The significance of the seasonal population shifts is discussed, and a method of eradicating keds from a flock by summer dipping of the lambs is outlined.

scholarly journals Seasonal population dynamics of Octopus vulgaris in the eastern Mediterranean

2006 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stelios Katsanevakis ◽  
George Verriopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Main Peak ◽  
Octopus Vulgaris ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Visual Census ◽  
The Common ◽  
Specific Growth Rates ◽  
Seasonal Population ◽  
Seasonal Population Dynamics

Abstract The population density of Octopus vulgaris was measured by visual census with scuba diving in coastal areas in Greece (eastern Mediterranean). A time-variant, stage-classified, matrix population model was developed to interpret the seasonal variation of octopus stage densities and to estimate several life cycle parameters. An annual and a semi-annual periodic cycle were found in the stage densities. A main peak of benthic settlement was observed during summer and a secondary, irregular one during late autumn. Two spawning peaks were estimated, a main one during late winter–spring and a secondary one during late summer–early autumn. More than 50% of the just-settled individuals will eventually die after 3 months. Mortality rate declines, as individuals grow larger, reaches a minimum approximately 6 months after settlement, and then grows again probably because of terminal spawning. The life expectancy of recently settled individuals (<50 g) during their summer peak is approximately 5 months. The lifespan of the common octopus is estimated to be between 12 and 15 months. The octopuses' mean specific growth rates (±s.d.) in their natural environment were 1.61 ± 0.30 d−1 for 50–200 g individuals and 1.19 ± 0.31 d−1 for 200–500 g individuals.

scholarly journals Seasonal population dynamics of the clover cyst nematode (Heterodera trifolii)

2000 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 452-452
Author(s):  
P.P. Kyi ◽  
P.G. Long ◽  
C.F. Mercer ◽  
R.A. Skipp ◽  
G.W. Yeates
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Cyst Nematode ◽  
Seasonal Population ◽  
Seasonal Population Dynamics

Seasonal changes in serum thyroid hormone levels in ruffed grouse maintained under natural conditions of temperature and photoperiod

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2022-2027 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Garbutt ◽  
J. F. Leatherland ◽  
A. L. A. Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Ruffed Grouse ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Serum Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Hormone Levels

Serum triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) concentrations were measured in a population of ruffed grouse, held outdoors under natural conditions of photoperiod and temperature. Blood samples were collected at monthly intervals, and at the solstices and equinoxes to test for variation through the light period. No changes in T4 or T3 levels were found during the light period but levels of T3 and T4 showed marked seasonal changes. Lowest T4 and T3 levels were found in birds during the winter months, with an increase in the concentration of both hormones in early spring concomitant with gonadal development in the adults. A lowering of serum T4 and T3 values was associated with the period of molt.

Seasonal population dynamics of a specialized termite-eating spider (Araneae: Ammoxenidae) and its prey (Isoptera: Hodotermitidae)

Pedobiologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Richard Haddad ◽  
Marek Brabec ◽  
Stano Pekár ◽  
René Fourie
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Seasonal Population ◽  
Seasonal Population Dynamics
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