Secondary production of four sublittoral, soft-sediment amphipod populations in the Bay of Fundy

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1033 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Wildish
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Secondary Production ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Bay Of Fundy ◽  
Soft Sediment ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Deep Station ◽  
Annual Turnover

Estimates of secondary production by cohort summation of losses and size–frequency methods were made on the four most abundant amphipods at an 80 m deep station on a soft sediment in the southwestern mouth of the Bay of Fundy. Production and annual turnover ratios (production:biomass ratio (P:B), in parentheses) for the 1978 year class, expressed as grams wet preserved weight per square metre per year, were as follows: Haploops fundiensis, 0.505 (1.3); Photis reinhardi, 0.370 (2.8); Casco bigelowi, 1.210 (2.5); Harpinia propinqua 0.066 (3.1). The P:B ratios found were closest to those calculated by the empirical method of Robertson when an accurate estimate of life-span was available.

Methods for estimating secondary production in marine Amphipoda

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 1019-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Wildish ◽  
D. Peer
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Production ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Early Life History ◽  
Life History Stages ◽  
Turnover Ratio ◽  
Back Calculation ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Annual Turnover

For the 1971 year-class of Pontoporeia femorata from St. Margaret's Bay, N.S., secondary production was 11.06–13.61 g wet weight/m2 and annual turnover ratio was 3.64–4.78 as measured by three methods. These included cohort summation of losses, integrated production from the Allen curve, and size frequency, or modified Hynes methods. Sampling bias against early life history stages of amphipods collected with sieve meshes [Formula: see text] can be corrected by back calculation from population data thus enabling cohort-based estimates of secondary production to be made.Key words: secondary production, annual turnover ratio, Pontoporeia femorata, Crustacea, Amphipoda

Life spans of two species of tropical mayfly nymph (Ephemeroptera) from Magela Creek, Northern Territory

1982 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Marchant
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Length Frequency ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
B Values ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Mayfly Nymph ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

The nymphs of Cloeon fuviatile and a species of Tasmanocoenis were common in the shallows (< 1 m) of two billabongs in Magela Creek, Northern Territory. Monthly estimates of abundance and length frequency showed that growth and reproduction occurred continuously. Estimates of the ratio of annual production to mean biomass (PIB) were calculated with the size-frequency method, using different values for nymphal life span; these estimates, when compared with P/B values predicted from the literature, suggested that the nymphs had a life span of about 1 month. Such a rapid life cycle is at least in part the result of the high mean temperature (30°C) in the shallows.

scholarly journals Abundance matching with the mean star formation rate: there is no missing satellites problem in the Milky Way above M200 ∼ 109 M⊙

2019 ◽  
Vol 487 (4) ◽  
pp. 5799-5812 ◽  
Author(s):  
J I Read ◽  
D Erkal
Keyword(s):  
Star Formation ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Milky Way ◽  
Star Formation Rate ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Mass Function ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Empirical Method ◽  
Galactic Centre ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT We introduce a novel abundance matching technique that produces a more accurate estimate of the pre-infall halo mass, M200, for satellite galaxies. To achieve this, we abundance match with the mean star formation rate, averaged over the time when a galaxy was forming stars, 〈SFR〉, instead of the stellar mass, M∗. Using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, the GAMA survey and the Bolshoi simulation, we obtain a statistical 〈SFR〉−M200 relation in Λ cold dark matter. We then compare the pre-infall halo mass, $M^{\rm abund}_{200}$, derived from this relation with the pre-infall dynamical mass, $M^{\rm dyn}_{200}$, for 21 nearby dSph and dIrr galaxies, finding a good agreement between the two. As a first application, we use our new 〈SFR〉−M200 relation to empirically measure the cumulative mass function of a volume-complete sample of bright Milky Way satellites within 280 kpc of the Galactic centre. Comparing this with a suite of cosmological ‘zoom’ simulations of Milky Way-mass haloes that account for subhalo depletion by the Milky Way disc, we find no missing satellites problem above M200 ∼ 109 M⊙ in the Milky Way. We discuss how this empirical method can be applied to a larger sample of nearby spiral galaxies.

Species density obtained for fish sampled with three seine nets hauled individually towards a stop net or a bank

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadeusz Penczak
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Production ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Accurate Estimate ◽  
Species Density ◽  
Absolute Minimum ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Removal Technique ◽  
Number Of Individuals

AbstractResearchers continuously search for adequate and inexpensive fish sampling methods and, as such, it is worth remembering the quantitative seine method with three identical nets hauled individually towards a stop net or a bank. A sample obtained by three nets is the absolute minimum for any accurate estimate employing a removal technique, and this procedure provides an estimate of density with a known error, because it allows for calculations of the variance value. Density (the number of individuals calculated from the model, as per defined area or volume), a popular term in the previous century when a secondary production and bioenergetics budget studies were considered to be modern investigations, but now when it is used with different meanings, an attempt has to be undertaken to sort out this terminology.

Estimates of annual production for some aquatic insects from the La Trobe River, Victoria

1986 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Marchant
Keyword(s):  
Aquatic Insects ◽  
Temperate Zone ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Frequency Method ◽  
Habitat Temperature ◽  
Size Frequency ◽  
Total Annual Production ◽  
Annual Turnover

Annual production was estimated by the size-frequency method for Ephemeroptera (Tasmanocoenis tonnoiri, two species of Baetis, Atalonella spp., Atulophlebioides sp.), Plecoptera (Leptoperla spp.) and Trichoptera (Ecnomus sp.) at four sites on the lowland section of the La Trobe River. Annual production (P) of individual ephemeropteran species (or genera) varied from 0.02 to 0.7 g m-2 while total annual production of this order at two sites was 0.7-1 . 5 g m-. Annual production of Leptoperla spp. was 0.03 g m-2 at one site while Ecnomus sp, averaged 2 g m-2 at two sites. Estimates of annual production were subject to an error of at least t 50%. Annual turnover ratios (P/B; B is mean biomass) varied from 9 to 19 and were three to four times higher than published values for similar-sized macroinvertebrates in the temperate zone (generally < 15°C mean annual habitat temperature). This probably resulted from the higher average temperatures (17-18°C) at most sites.

Production and Survivorship of Epizoites of the Hydroid Nemertesia Antennina (L.)

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Secondary Production ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Reasonable Accuracy ◽  
Recruitment Period

The survivorship of marine invertebrates that have a life span of less than 2 years is usually assessed by observing the decrease in abundance of animals from samples taken frequently throughout the life of an identifiable cohort or generation (e.g. Crisp, 1971). This method is only suitable for species with approximately simultaneous recruitment so that the animals can be aged with reasonable accuracy and the mortality before the end of the recruitment period can safely be ignored. Such age-specific survivorship data can be used to calculate secondary production by revealing the number of animals that reach successive weights (= Allen curves) (Crisp, 1971).

Population structure, growth and production of Laeonereis culveri (Nereididae: Polychaeta) in tidal flats of Río de la Plata estuary, Argentina

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Martin ◽  
R. Bastida
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Secondary Production ◽  
Tidal Flats ◽  
Trophic Levels ◽  
Rio De La Plata ◽  
Estuarine Ecosystem ◽  
Río De La Plata ◽  
La Plata

A benthic survey was carried out from November 1998 to December 1999 in the tidal flats of Bahía Samborombón (Río de la Plata estuary, Argentina), in order to study the population structure, growth and secondary production of Laeonereis culveri. The samples were collected monthly in two intertidal areas with different environmental characteristics (San Clemente Creek and Punta Rasa). Growth was analysed using computer-based methods of length–frequency data (ELEFAN), and the secondary production was estimated by Crisp's and Hynes & Coleman's methods. Laeonereis culveri were recruited throughout the year, with two main peaks during spring and autumn. The autumn cohort showed growth rate (K) of 2 in San Clemente Creek and 1.8 in Punta Rasa. The seasonal oscillation of growth pointed out that worms grow very slowly during winter months. The life span of this cohort ranged from 15 to 17 months. The spring cohort showed higher growth rates in both sampled areas (K=3.3 in Punta Rasa and 3.1 in San Clemente Creek), whereas the growth oscillation showed similar values to those of the autumn cohort. The lowest growth rate was found in January and the life span was 9.5 months. The annual mean biomass in San Clemente Creek was 5.44 g m−2, with a mean production of 40.8 and 43.8 g m−2 y−1, according to the method used, and a production/biomass (P/B) ratio of 7.5 and 8 y−1 respectively. In Punta Rasa, the annual mean biomass (2.69 g m−2) and mean secondary production (19.44 and 23.61 g m−2 y−1, according to the method used) were lower than in San Clemente Creek, nevertheless the P/B ratio (7.2 and 8.7 y−1) was similar. The high secondary production and P/B ratio observed suggest that L. culveri transfer an important biomass to higher trophic levels, pointing out the very important role that this polychaete plays in the energy flux of this coastal estuarine ecosystem.

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