Does cuticular elasticity regulate the size of the blood meal imbibed by female Glossina austeni?

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (8) ◽  
pp. 1888-1891 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Carruthers ◽  
K. G. Davey
Keyword(s):  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Glossina Austeni ◽  
Before And After

In tsetse flies, a larva grows to maturity inside the uterus of the female. The size of the blood meal imbibed by females is known to increase at ovulation and decrease as the larva gets larger, so that the total volume of the fly remains constant. This has led to the hypothesis that meal size is determined by cuticular elasticity. Direct measurement of the elasticity of abdominal cuticle in mated females, before and after ovulation, and in virgin females, which do not ovulate, demonstrates that cuticular elasticity is unrelated to ovulation. Further, meal size is not closely correlated with cuticular elasticity. The hypothesis is therefore rejected.

Regulation of blood meal size in the mosquito

1969 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 2039-2044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Gwadz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Meal ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Blood Meal Size

Effect of Dirofilaria Immitis on Blood Meal Size and Fecundity in Aedes Aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)1

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 398-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl C. Courtney ◽  
Bruce M. Christensen ◽  
Walter G. Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Dirofilaria Immitis ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Blood Meal Size

Impact of Tahanids on Cattle: Blood Meal Size and Preferred Feeding Sites12

1980 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 431-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Hollander ◽  
R. E. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Blood Meal ◽  
Meal Size ◽  
Cattle Blood ◽  
Blood Meal Size

Meal-synchronized CEA in rats: effects of meal size, intragastric feeding, and subdiaphragmatic vagotomy

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (5) ◽  
pp. R1276-R1288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley White ◽  
Gary J. Schwartz ◽  
Timothy H. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Meal Size ◽  
Vagal Activity ◽  
Subdiaphragmatic Vagotomy ◽  
Feeding Cycle ◽  
Induce Activity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Afferent Vagal ◽  
G 34 ◽  
Nutrient Infusion ◽  
Intact Rats

Within a feeding schedule of intermittent food access, large meals have the ability to induce activity at the same time the next day [circadian ensuing activity (CEA)]. In these experiments, we evaluated the minimum meal size necessary to induce CEA and whether oral-pharyngeal factors and afferent vagal activity played necessary roles in the induction of the underlying process. In experiment 1, every 33 h rats were given two meals separated by a 2-h interval. The size of the first meal was varied, while total intake every feeding cycle was held constant. When the initial meal was <10 g (34 kcal) CEA occurred later, indicating that such a meal size was subthreshold for inducing CEA. In experiment 2, rats were given intragastric (IG) meals every 33 h, before and after complete subdiaphragmatic vagotomy. IG nutrient meals induced CEA, indicating that extensive oral-pharyngeal experience was not necessary for CEA induction. CEA occurred in vagotomized rats but, compared with intact rats, appeared to occur later relative to nutrient infusion, indicating that afferent vagal activity may be sufficient but not necessary to induce CEA.

Ovarian ageing of tsetse flies (Diptera: Glossinidae) —interspecific differences

1990 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Wall
Keyword(s):  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Wing Vein ◽  
Glossina Austeni ◽  
Interspecific Differences ◽  
Dissection Technique

AbstractOvarian dissection of Glossina austeni Newstead, G. brevipalpis Newstead, G. morsitans morsitans Westwood and G. pallidipes Austen shows that there are significant interspecific differences in egg-follicle lengths. Differences between G. brevipalpis and G. pallidipes are slight as are those between G. austeni and G. m. morsitans, but the former two species have significantly larger eggs at all ages examined than the latter two. Egg-follicle length is positively related to species size (measured as wing vein length) but only weakly related to the size of individuals within a species. In the ovarian dissection technique for ageing tsetse flies, nulliparous females are usually divided into 0A (one to four days) and OB (five to eight days) categories, depending on whether the first egg follicle is less or more than 0.6 mm in length. The results presented, however, show that at four days the first egg follicle is about 1 mm in length in G. pallidipes and G. brevipalpis and 0.77 mm in length in G. m. morsitans and G. austeni. Thus, application of the 0.6 mm, four-day threshold will result in severe under-estimation of the proportion of females of the former two species of less than five days of age in a population.

Age determination for female tsetse flies and the age compositions of samples ofGlossina pallidipesAust.,G. palpalis fuscipesNewst. andG. brevipalpisNewst.

1962 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 579-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. S. Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Age Structure ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Glossina Pallidipes ◽  
Tsetse Flies ◽  
Third Instar Larvae

The age compositions of samples of females ofGlossina pallidipesAust.,G. palpalis fuscipesNewst. andG. brevipalpisNewst., are analysed by means of a method of age determination based upon the changes occurring in the reproductive system during successive gonotrophic cycles. This method of age determination is described in detail.Females were sampled by three main methods: in traps, by catching on a bait-animal, and on a fly-round. Some flies were also found as resting flies in the undergrowth.Trap-caught samples ofG. pallidipeswere older (i.e.), contained a larger proportion of old flies (and a smaller proportion of young flies) than the hand-caught samples. The bait-caught samples were intermediate in age structure. Correlated with the increasing mean age in the hand-caught—bait-caught—trap-caught series was an increase in the proportion of females carrying third-instar larvae and a decrease in the proportion of those carrying eggs. Results with samples ofG. palpalis fuscipesandG. brevipalpiswere not so well defined.The results of dissecting teneral and non-teneral nullipars ofG. pallidipesandG. palpalis fuscipesindicate that females of the latter are inseminated some time before they take their first blood-meal, but teneral females ofG. pallidipesare inseminated when they come to the host to feed or after they have fed.The relation of the ovarian method of age determination to Jackson's (1946) wing-fray categories in females ofG. pallidipes, and the probable epidemiological importance of the samples, are also discussed.

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