Uptake of dissolved amino acids by embryos and larvae of Dendraster excentricus (Eschscholtz) (Echinodermata: Echinoidea)

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marueen E. de Burgh ◽  
Robert D. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Scintillation Counting ◽  
Acid Transport ◽  
Gastrula Stage ◽  
Blastula Stage ◽  
Dendraster Excentricus ◽  
Development State ◽  
Early Gastrula

The uptake of 14C- and 3H-labelled mixed amino acids by embryos and larvae of Dendraster excentricus (Eschscholtz) was investigated using liquid scintillation counting and autoradiography. Peaks in transport were observed immediately after fertilization, at the mesenchyme blastula stage, and at the early gastrula stage. The subsequent linear increase in amino acid transport correlated with increase in surface area of the growing pluteus. Autoradiographs showed that in all stages epidermis accumulated 3H label more than internal tissues. It was concluded that uptake rate of dissolved amino acids is dependent upon the size and development state of the embryo and independent of the requirement of the larva to feed.

Muscle gene activation in Xenopus requires intercellular communication during gastrula as well as blastula stages

Development ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 116 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 137-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Gurdon ◽  
K. Kao ◽  
K. Kato ◽  
N. D. Hopwood
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Cell Transplantation ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Gene Activation ◽  
Gastrula Stage ◽  
Blastula Stage ◽  
Morphological Marker ◽  
Muscle Gene ◽  
Early Gastrula

In Xenopus an early morphological marker of mesodermal induction is the elongation of the mesoderm at the early gastrula stage (Symes and Smith, 1987). We show here that the elongation of equatorial (marginal) tissue is dependent on protein synthesis in a mid blastula, but has become independent of it by the late blastula stage. In animal caps induced to become mesoderm, the time when protein synthesis is required for subsequent elongation immediately follows the time of induction, and is not related to developmental stage. For elongation, intercellular communication during the blastula stage is of primary importance. Current experiments involving cell transplantation indicate a need for further celhcell interactions during gastrulation, and therefore after the vegetal-animal induction during blastula stages. These secondary cell interactions are believed to take place among cells that have already received a vegetal induction, and may facilitate some of the later intracellular events known to accompany muscle gene activation.

Liquid Scintillation Counting of C 14 - and H 3 -Labeled Amino Acids and Proteins

Science ◽  
1957 ◽  
Vol 126 (3271) ◽  
pp. 446-447
Author(s):  
Martha Vaughan ◽  
Daniel Steinberg ◽  
Jane Logan
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Liquid Scintillation Counting ◽  
Liquid Scintillation ◽  
Scintillation Counting
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