Annual cycles of activity and body composition in Spermophilus townsendii mollis

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 3298-3306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric A. Rickart
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Juvenile Growth ◽  
Activity Scheduling ◽  
Yearly Variation ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Spermophilus Townsendii ◽  
Quality Of Food

Data on activity scheduling and body composition in Spermophilus townsendii mollis Kennicott were collected over a 4-year period in northwestern Utah. Yearly variation in emergence scheduling was associated with variation in late winter warming patterns. Sex differences in patterns of growth and seasonal body composition were attributed to reproductive biology. These included (1) a decline in female lipid during reproduction, (2) a 2- to 3-week delay in the onset of female fattening relative to males, (3) a decrease in female water content during late lactation, (4) sex differences in rates of weight loss during dormancy, and (5) sexual dimorphism in juvenile growth and fattening phenology. The initiation of seasonal fattening coincided with the appearance of seeds in the diet and associated increases in dietary caloric value. Experimental supplements to the diet increased fattening rates in field populations. These observations support the hypothesis that yearly fattening and immergence schedules are influenced by variation in the quality of food resources.

February 9 — Dentist Day in Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 78-81
Author(s):  
Oksana Rybachok
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Spiritual Development ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mechanical Processing ◽  
Normal Functioning ◽  
Digestion Process ◽  
Quality Of Food

«Man is what he eats,» these words belong to the great Pythagoras. He meant by these words the connection of the origin of consumed food with the spiritual development of man. In fact, a lot depends on the nature of nutrition, the quality of food and, of course, on the degree of its perception by the body. Digestion process begins not in the stomach, but directly in the oral cavity as a result of mechanical processing of products with teeth and under the influence of the secretion of the salivary glands. That is why healthy teeth are the key to the normal functioning of the whole organism — people should start taking care of their teeth from the early childhood and dentists, who are far from being beloved by everybody and are often carelessly evaded, are called upon to help keep the teeth healthy.

Impacts of Vending Practices on the Microbiological Quality of Bread in the Ojoo Area of Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Oluwadara Oluwaseun Alegbeleye ◽  
Wasiu Akinloye Oyebisi Afolabi ◽  
Beatrice Oluwatoyin Opeolu ◽  
Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Microbiological Quality ◽  
Bacillus Species ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Safety Regulations ◽  
Bacillus Flexus ◽  
Microbiological Methods ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Quality Of Food

Background: Bacterial counts in ready-to-eat foods are a key factor in assessing the microbiological quality and safety of food. Periodic assessment of the microbiological quality of food is necessary to develop a robust database and help to ensure food safety. </P><P> Methods: The bacterial contamination of a total of 336 bread samples collected from two bakeries and 10 vendors in Ojoo Area of Ibadan, Oyo-State, Nigeria (December 2014 -June 2015) was evaluated. The microbiological quality of the bread loaves was investigated using standard microbiological methods (morphological, phenotypic and molecular characterization). </P><P> Results: The results showed that the number of contaminated samples among the vended bread samples was higher than the bakery bread samples and can be summarized as Bacillus megaterium (4.30%), Staphylococcus arlettae (0.005%), Staphylococcus saprophyticus (2.78%), Citrobacter freundii (2.40%), Bacillus flexus (1.64%), Bacillus species (49.59%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.12%), Pseudomonas fluorescens (0.92%), Pseudomonas species (0.045%), Escherichia coli (30.44%) Klebsiella sp. (0.040%) and Aeromonas hydrophila (3.72%). </P><P> Conclusion: The findings demonstrate that the bread samples which become contaminated after transport and handling can be considered a potential hazard to human health in the area. More stringent adherence to food safety regulations should be encouraged and enforced by the appropriate authorities. The findings of this study may be adopted to improve the hygienic conditions of bread distribution chain in the area as well as in other regions of the World.

Role of Panchakarma in the management of Hypothyroidism

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr.Suraj Kumbar ◽  
Dr.Lohith BA ◽  
Dr.Ashvinikumar M ◽  
Dr. Amritha R ◽  
Dr. Shameem Banu
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Life Style ◽  
The Body ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Sedentary Life ◽  
Sedentary Life Style

We are in technical era where there is more of sedentary life style and stress along with this urbanization is affecting our quality of food and health. This is leading to many lifestyle disorders and hormonal imbalances in our body. Hypothyroidism one among the endocrinal disorder. Thyroid is an endocrinal gland secrets T3 and T4 hormones regulated by TSH which is secreted by Pituitary gland. These hormones have two major effects on the body, 1) To increase the overall metabolic rate in the body 2) To stimulate growth in children. Hypothyroidism is common health issue in India. The highest prevalence of hypothyroidism (13.1%) is noted in people aged 46-54yrs old. With people aged 18-35 yrs being less affected (7.5%). To prevent these hazards Panchakarma is beneficiary to maintain metabolic rate. Here an attempt is made to diagnose hypothyroidism in the light of Ayurveda and management guidelines through Panchakarma.

Eating Out in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries: Changes in Food and in Social Identities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christel Lane
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
General Terms ◽  
Quality Of Food ◽  
Nineteenth And Twentieth Centuries ◽  
Eating Out ◽  
Gender And Nation ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the impact of rapid urbanization and industrialization on food and eating out. It draws attention to the growing standardization of food and, with greater class differentiation, to the growing diversity in eating-out venues. Class, gender, and nation are again used as lenses to understand the different eating-out habits and their symbolic significance. Towards the end of the twentieth century, pubs moved more fully towards embracing dining. However, the quality of food, in general terms, began to improve significantly only towards the end of the century, and hospitality venues also moved towards selling food from diverse national origins.

scholarly journals Sex differences in leptin and cardiometabolic profile after exercise intervention in physically inactive adults with primary hypertension and obesity

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
SMM Maldonado-Martin ◽  
PC Corres ◽  
AMAB Martinezaguirre-Betolaza ◽  
BJI Jurio-Iriarte ◽  
MTE Tous-Espelosin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Primary Hypertension ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
Hypocaloric Diet ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Physically Inactive

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public Institution(s). Main funding source(s): University of the Basque Country OnBehalf GIKAFIT PURPOSES. To analyse the change on leptin, body composition, blood pressure (BP), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and some biochemical parameters in physically inactive women and men with primary hypertension (HTN) and obesity, and to evaluate the potential sex differences in the change after intervention. METHODS. Participants (n = 37 women, n= 40 men, 52.9 ± 6.9 yrs) from the EXERDIET-HTA study were randomized into attention control group (physical activity recommendations) or one of three supervised aerobic exercise groups [two days/week: high-volume (HV) with 45 min of moderate-intensity continuous training, HV and high-intensity interval training (HV-HIIT), and low volume-HIIT (LV-HIIT, 20 min)]. All participants received the same hypocaloric diet. All variables were assessed pre and post intervention (16 weeks). 24 h ambulatory BP monitoring was used to analyze systolic and diastolic BP. A cardiopulmonary exercise test was performed to determine peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). RESULTS. Following the intervention, there were increments (P &lt; 0.01) in CRF by VO2peak (Women, W = 21.1 ± 3.7 vs. 24.6 ± 4.4 mL·kg-1·min-1, Men, M = 26.3 ± 6.0 vs. 33.1 ± 10.2 mL·kg-1·min-1) and decreases (P &lt; 0.05) in leptin (W = 49.5 ± 23.0 vs. 41.8 ± 19.9 ng/mL, M = 20.5 ± 14.8 vs. 12.9 ± 18.6 ng/mL), body mass (W = 84.7 ± 12.1 vs. 80.3 ± 11.5 kg, M = 97.9 ± 14.4 vs. 91.5 ± 13.3 kg), waist perimeter (W = 97.3 ± 10.7 vs. 94.3 ± 10.9 cm, M = 107.9 ± 8.7 vs. 101.5 ± 7.9 cm), fat mass (W = 42.3 ± 5.1 vs. 38.6 ± 8.4 %, M = 31.2 ± 5.0 vs. 28.0 ± 4.4 %), systolic BP (M = 136.5 ± 12.1 vs. 129.3 ± 12.5 mmHg), diastolic BP (W = 76.2 ± 8.9 vs. 74.1 ± 8.7 mmHg, M = 79.3 ± 7.2 vs. 75.0 ± 8.2 mmHg), total cholesterol (M = 216.1 ± 44.5 vs. 196.1 ± 35.0 mg/dL), insulin (W = 13.4 ± 7.9 vs. 9.4 ± 4.2 mU/L) values. There were significant between-sex differences in body mass (W=-5.2%, M=-6.5%, effect size, ES = 0.073), waist circumference (W=-3.1%, M=-5.9%, ES = 0.114), and VO2peak (W = 14.2%, M = 20.5%, ES = 0.059). CONCLUSIONS. Aerobic exercise along with hypocaloric diet is an effective non-pharmacological tool to induce beneficial changes in women and men in BP and leptin as a mediator of obesity-induced HTN, and other regulatory mechanisms such as body composition, CRF and biochemical profile. The found sex-related differences could confirm the need of individual non-pharmacological strategies.

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