Early winter food habits of Manitoba moose as determined by three rumen analysis methods

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 1300-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Zach ◽  
V. F. J. Crichton ◽  
J. M. Stewart ◽  
K. R. Mayoh
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Food Habit ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Winter Food ◽  
Cornus Stolonifera ◽  
Game Hunting

Early winter food habits of moose (Alces alces) from Hecla Island and Manitoba game hunting area 26 in southeastern Manitoba were studied in 1978 and 1979. Twenty-five plant taxa were identified in 86 rumen samples. In decreasing order of importance, moose fed mainly on red-osier dogwood (Cornus stolonifera), balsam fir (Abies balsamea), willow (Salix spp.), mountain maple (Acer spicatum), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides), bog birch (Betula glandulifera), and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera). These taxa constituted about 98% of the diet by weight. Most rumens contained several of these taxa, with some containing traces of the uncommon ones. The diet of moose from the two study areas was similar, but Hecla Island moose showed a shift in diet from 1978 to 1979. The diet was not influenced by sex or age of the moose.Three methods of food habit determination were used: presence/absence, abundance score, and dry weight. All three methods yielded very similar results. Although some rumen samples had a volume of only 0.13 L, sampling volume was not significantly correlated with the number of taxa identified per sample. Gains curves showing the cumulative total number of taxa versus successive samples collected indicated that the number of samples analyzed was adequate.

Notes on Early Winter Food Habits of the Black Bear in George Washington National Forest

1939 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clarence Cottam ◽  
A. L. Nelson ◽  
Talbott E. Clarke
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Black Bear ◽  
National Forest ◽  
Early Winter ◽  
George Washington ◽  
Winter Food

La végétation postglaciaire du Témiscamingue, Québec, durant l'épisode glaciolacustre Barlow

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 544-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre J. H. Richard ◽  
Alayn C. Larouche
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Sediment Accumulation ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Betula Papyrifera ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Conifer Forest ◽  
General Sequence ◽  
Ice Retreat ◽  
Organic Deposits

The 14C ages of the basal organic deposits accumulated in 32 small lakes located higher than or near the altitudinal limit of proglacial Lake Barlow, in Témiscamingue, span the period between 10400 and 6490 years BP. A regional pollen zonation has been established, allowing the rejection of the 14C ages younger than 8500 years BP, as minimum ages for local ice retreat. From 10400 to 8500 BP, whatever the age of the lake, the same general sequence of vegetation has spread over the deglaciated landscapes. The initial vegetation was dominated by Picea and Larix (pollen, macrofossils) and included Quercus, Ostrya, Ulmus, and Fraxinus (pollen influxes equal or greater than what they are today) along with plants having a present-day mainly arctic distribution such as Dryas integrifolia and Silene acaulis (macrofossils). The initial proglacial vegetational environment on the islands or around Lake Barlow was thus an open conifer forest with arctic plants and groves of relatively thermophilous deciduous trees, whatever the age of the onset of sediment accumulation in the lakes studied, between 10400 and 8500 years BP. After the initial vegetation was established and within a few centuries, Betula papyrifera, Populus tremuloides, Populus balsamifera, Pinus banksiana, and Abies balsamea (macrofossils, pollen) joined the other trees around each lake, whatever the age or location.

Winter foods of moose in La Vérendrye Park, Québec: an evaluation of two browse survey methods

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1765-1770 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Joyal
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Balsam Fir ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Mixed Stands ◽  
Corylus Cornuta ◽  
Key Species

The winter foods of moose (Alces alces) were determined in three winter yards in representative mixed forests of western Quebec. Browse use was measured by estimation of browse units and by twig counts. The first method enabled identification of key species in the diet while the second gave, in weight, the proportion of each. Both methods are compared. A total of 21 species offered available food, but only 12 were browsed. More than 75% of the diet in dry weight came from mountain maple (Acer spicatum), balsam fir (Abies balsamea), and willows (Salix spp.), with 53, 13, and 9.5% respectively. The mean weight of browsed twigs of different species varied. widely. Balsam fir twigs weighed about seven times more than white birch (Betula papyrifera) and 10 times more than beaked hazel twigs (Corylus cornuta). Moose preferred willows and trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides), which showed the highest availability:utilization ratio. Mountain maple was eaten proportionally to its availability. Results can be used in carrying-capacity studies in other mixed stands of eastern Canada.

Effects of open-range cattle grazing on deciduous tree regeneration, damage, and mortality following patch logging

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 777-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian Kaufmann ◽  
Edward W. Bork ◽  
Michael J. Alexander ◽  
Peter V. Blenis
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Deciduous Forest ◽  
Total Mortality ◽  
Cattle Grazing ◽  
Tree Regeneration ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Haul Road ◽  
The Impact

The impact of summer cattle grazing on deciduous tree regeneration within uncut forests, clearcuts, partially harvested areas, and in-block haul road habitats was examined in four experimental pastures of central Alberta during 2008 and 2009. Sampling of 233 field plots, both inside and outside cattle exclosures, was used to document sapling densities, height, and type of damage. Tree densities (primarily aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.)) differed among habitats but less so with exposure to cattle. Densities were greatest in clearcuts, followed by partially harvested areas and then uncut forest and haul roads. While exposure to cattle reduced total tree regeneration, sapling densities and sizes remained sufficient to meet postharvest standards for deciduous forest regeneration in Alberta, even with exposure to cattle. Cattle damage in harvested areas was primarily from browsing (≤3.2% of saplings), with proportionally more trees affected in uncut forests (8.6%). Browsing was particularly high on balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.) (25%) during 2008. Although sapling damage increased with high cattle stocking in 2008 (to 10.5%), total mortality was limited to 15.5% through 2009. These findings show that despite cattle impacts to some saplings, damage levels were insufficient to alter deciduous regeneration, highlighting the compatibility of cattle grazing and sustainable forest management on public lands in this region.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Performance of a Forest Succession Model to Predict the Long-Term Dynamics of Tree Species in Mixed Boreal Forests Using Historical Data in Northern Ontario, Canada

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1181
Author(s):  
Guy R. Larocque ◽  
F. Wayne Bell
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Forest Ecosystems ◽  
Forest Succession ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Abies Balsamea ◽  
Forest Growth ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Phase Dynamics

Environmental concerns and economic pressures on forest ecosystems have led to the development of sustainable forest management practices. As a consequence, forest managers must evaluate the long-term effects of their management decisions on potential forest successional pathways. As changes in forest ecosystems occur very slowly, simulation models are logical and efficient tools to predict the patterns of forest growth and succession. However, as models are an imperfect representation of reality, it is desirable to evaluate them with historical long-term forest data. Using remeasured tree and stand data from three data sets from two ecoregions in northern Ontario, the succession gap model ZELIG-CFS was evaluated for mixed boreal forests composed of black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] B.S.P.), balsam fir (Abies balsamea [L.] Mill.), jack pine (Pinus banksiana L.), white spruce (Picea glauca [Moench] Voss), trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.), white birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.), northern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.), American larch (Larix laricina [Du Roi] K. Koch), and balsam poplar (Populus balsamefera L.). The comparison of observed and predicted basal areas and stand densities indicated that ZELIG-CFS predicted the dynamics of most species consistently for periods varying between 5 and 57 simulation years. The patterns of forest succession observed in this study support gap phase dynamics at the plot scale and shade-tolerance complementarity hypotheses at the regional scale.

scholarly journals Effect of Propagation Tray Design on Early Stage Root Development of Acer rubrum, Quercus rubra, and Populus tremuloides 1

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darby McGrath ◽  
Jason Henry ◽  
Ryan Munroe ◽  
Erin Agro
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Root Development ◽  
Root Architecture ◽  
Quercus Rubra ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Acer Rubrum ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Red Oak ◽  
Quaking Aspen ◽  
Red Maple

Abstract This experiment investigated the effect of different plug-tray cell designs on root development of red maple (Acer rubrum), red oak (Quercus rubra), and quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) seedlings. In April of 2015, seeds of each species were sown into three plug trays with different substrate volumes and grown for 17 weeks. Two trays had permeable walls for air-pruning, one with vertical ribs and one without. The third tray had impermeable plastic cell walls. Harvested seedlings were analyzed for root dry weight, length, volume, surface area and number of deflected roots. Root length per volume was highest in the impermeable-walled tray for red maple and quaking aspen. The total numbers of deflected root systems were higher for all species in the impermeable-walled tray. Seedlings grown in the air-pruning trays had smaller proportions of deflected root masses. Greater substrate volume did not influence root deflection development. The air-pruning tray without vertical ribs had the lowest total number of root masses with misdirected roots and lower proportions of root masses with misdirected roots for all species. These results indicate that improved root architecture in root-air pruning tray designs is achievable in tree propagation; however, vertical plastic structures in air-pruning trays can still cause root deflections. Index words: Deflected roots, air-pruning, seedling, propagation, plugs, root architecture. Species used in the study: red maple (Acer rubrum L.); red oak (Quercus rubra L.); quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.).

scholarly journals KEBIASAAN MAKAN YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI REMAJA PUTRI DI KABUPATEN BOGOR

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Yaktiworo Indriani ◽  
Mellova Amir ◽  
Iskandar Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Food Habits ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Food Habit ◽  
School Level ◽  
Plain Water ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Animal Products

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 12.7pt .0001pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 21.8pt; line-height: normal;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;">This research aims </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">was </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">to study (1) food habits of adolescent girls; (2) the adolescent girls’ efforts in taking care of and obtaining reproductive health; and (3) the relation between food habits, school level, parent’s education level, and social economics level of family </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">toward</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">reproductive health of adolescent girls. This research </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s a cross-sectional study executed in class level of 1 and 2 of SMA Negeri I and SMP Negeri I of Dramaga District, in Bogor Regency in which 3 classes of each level so that totalize 12 classes.  The number </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">of </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">subject </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s 169 adolescent girls. The data was collected by interviews and filling up questioners on May through June 2008. The research result show</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">ed</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;"> that food habit between adolescent girls of SMP and SMA </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">wa</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">s not different and both have not yet meet PUGS, especially still less in number consume of rice, animal products and plain water. Strive in overcoming the sigh appearance nearing and during menstruation which is often done by adolescent girls </span><span style="font-size: 10pt;" lang="en-us" xml:lang="en-us">we</span><span style="font-size: 10pt;">re by keeping it quiet, body massages, and lay down. Variables of eating frequency together with habitual of eating fruits, animal products, and sour or hot food during menstruation are significantly related with reproductive health of adolescent girls.</span><em></em></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0cm 12.7pt .0001pt 14.2pt; text-align: justify; line-height: normal;"> </p>

Winter Food Habits of Barred Owls in Western Montana

The Murrelet ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey S. Marks ◽  
D. Paul Hendricks ◽  
Victoria S. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Food Habits ◽  
Western Montana ◽  
Winter Food ◽  
Barred Owls

scholarly journals Effect of vegetation suppression on the establishment of sod-seeded alfalfa in the Aspen Parkland

1992 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1349-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. G. Bowes ◽  
R. P. Zentner
Keyword(s):  
Populus Tremuloides ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Populus Balsamifera ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Smooth Bromegrass ◽  
East Central ◽  
Aspen Parkland ◽  
Forage Yields

Four trials were conducted on a heavily grazed bluegrass-dominated pasture located in east-central Saskatchewan to compare the establishment of alfalfa (Medicago media Pers. Drylander) and forage grasses with no suppression vs. suppression of the resident vegetation using either glyphosate or rotovation. Successful forage establishment was based on seedling count, herbage yield and an economic assessment using net present value. The test area had been cleared of mature aspen poplar (Populus tremuloides Michx.) and balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera L.) trees, treated with 2,4-D to control suckering and was subsequently invaded by native forbs and grasses, mainly bluegrasses. Alfalfa successfully established with or without suppression while smooth bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss. ’Carlton’) established only when a suppression treatment was applied. Forage yields, averaged over 4 yr and four trials, following sod-seeding and glyphosate at 2.5 kg ha−1 were 1973 and 612 kg ha−1 for alfalfa and bluegrass plus smooth bromegrass, compared to 1287 and 748 kg ha−1 for alfalfa and bluegrass plus smooth bromegrass, respectively, when there was no suppression of the resident vegetation. The low-cost, no-suppression sod-seeding treatment was as profitable as the sod-seeding treatment using glyphosate.Key words: Sod-seed, zero till, alfalfa, smooth bromegrass, economics, glyphosate

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