Development of Chandlerella chitwoodae Anderson, 1961 (Filarioidea: Onchocercidae) in Culicoides stilobezzioides Foote and Pratt and C. travisi Vargas (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 1002-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl M. Bartlett ◽  
Roy C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Woodland Birds ◽  
Corvus Brachyrhynchos ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Opportunistic Feeding

Microfilariae of Chandlerella chitwoodae Anderson, 1961 developed to the third stage in the thorax of Culicoides stilobezzioides Foote and Pratt and Culicoides travisi Vargas. Infective larvae were found in the mouth parts of midges fed on infected Corvus brachyrhynchos brachyrhynchos Brehm and kept at 32 °C for 5 days. Chandlerella chitwoodae may parasitize several species of woodland birds because it is apparently transmitted by vectors with opportunistic feeding habits.

The Pathogenesis, Route of Migration, and Development of Crenosoma vulpis in the Dog

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. G. Stockdale ◽  
T. J. Hulland
Keyword(s):  
Portal Vein ◽  
Pulmonary Circulation ◽  
Hepatic Parenchyma ◽  
Crenosoma Vulpis ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Hepatic Portal Vein ◽  
Hepatic Portal ◽  
Migration And Development

In the dog infective larvae of Crenosoma vulpis migrate from the stomach to the lungs via the hepatic portal vein, hepatic parenchyma, hepatic vein, heart, and pulmonary circulation, arriving in the lungs as early as 6 h after infection. Third-stage larvae induce the formation of necrotic foci throughout the liver during the first 24 h after infection. The discarded cuticles of the third-stage larvae elicit granulomata which become the centre of foci of interstitial pneumonia. Adult C. vulpis cause bronchitis and bronchiolitis.

Behavioural changes in the flour beetleTribolium confusuminfected with the spirurid nematodeProtospirura muricola

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Schutgens ◽  
B. Cook ◽  
F. Gilbert ◽  
J.M. Behnke
Keyword(s):  
Definitive Host ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
The Third ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Flour Beetles ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Measured Time ◽  
Behavioural Manipulation ◽  
Acomys Dimidiatus

AbstractWe examined changes to the behaviour of flour beetles,Tribolium confusum, infected with the rodent stomach worm, the spiruridProtospirura muricola, in the context of the ‘Behavioural Manipulation Hypothesis’.Trobolium confusuminfected with the third-stage infective larvae ofP. muricolashowed consistently altered patterns of behaviour. Relative to uninfected beetles, over a measured time period, beetles infected withP. muricolawere likely to move over a shorter distance, when moving their speed of movement was slower, they were more likely to stay in the illuminated area of their environment, more likely to emerge from darkened areas into the illuminated areas, and their longevity was significantly shortened. The changes in behaviour, as reflected in effects on speed of movement, were only evident among beetles that actually harboured infective cysts and not among those carrying younger infections when the larvae within their haemocoels would have been at an earlier stage of development and not yet capable of infecting the definitive murine hosts. We discuss whether these changes would have made the beetles more susceptible to predation by rodents, and specifically by the omnivorous eastern spiny mouse,Acomys dimidiatus, the natural definitive host of this parasite in Egypt, from where theP. muricolaisolate originated, and whether they support the Behavioural Manipulation Hypothesis or reflect parasite-induced pathology.

Transmission and development of Capillospirura pseudoargumentosa (Appy and Dadswell, 1978) (Nematoda: Cystidicolidae)

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 848-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Appy ◽  
M. J. Dadswell
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Shortnose Sturgeon ◽  
Fourth Stage ◽  
Developmental Morphology ◽  
Gammarus Tigrinus ◽  
Acipenser Brevirostrum ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage

The cystidicolid nematode, Capillospirura pseudoargumentosa (Appy and Dadswell, 1978) (Habronematoidea) moulted twice and developed to the infective third stage in Gammarus tigrinus and G. fasciatus (Amphipoda) but not in isopods, decapods, mysids or other amphipods. At 10–14 °C development to the third stage in G. tigrinus took between 28 and 40 days and at 21–25 °C, it took between 10 and 15 days. Infective larvae fed to shortnose sturgeon, Acipenser brevirostrum, moulted from the third to the fourth stage within 15 days. Moulting third- and fourth-stage larvae were found in naturally infected sturgeon collected in the Saint John River estuary, New Brunswick. The developmental morphology of C. pseudoargumentosa is compared with that of other cystidicolid nematodes.

The Coherence of Mary Barton: Romance, Realism, and Utopia

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-200
Author(s):  
Robert Z. Birdwell
Keyword(s):  
Thomas Carlyle ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Mode Of Production

Critics have argued that Elizabeth Gaskell's first novel, Mary Barton (1848), is split by a conflict between the modes of realism and romance. But the conflict does not render the novel incoherent, because Gaskell surpasses both modes through a utopian narrative that breaks with the conflict of form and gives coherence to the whole novel. Gaskell not only depicts what Thomas Carlyle called the ‘Condition of England’ in her work but also develops, through three stages, the utopia that will redeem this condition. The first stage is romantic nostalgia, a backward glance at Eden from the countryside surrounding Manchester. The second stage occurs in Manchester, as Gaskell mixes romance with a realistic mode, tracing a utopian drive toward death. The third stage is the utopian break with romantic and realistic accounts of the Condition of England and with the inadequate preceding conceptions of utopia. This third stage transforms narrative modes and figures a new mode of production.

Bankruptcy Model Construction and its Limitation in Input Data Quality

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Dana Kubíčková ◽  
◽  
Vladimír Nulíček ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Data Quality ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Model Construction ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Discriminant Analyses ◽  
One Year ◽  
The University ◽  
Multivariate Discriminant

The aim of the research project solved at the University of Finance and administration is to construct a new bankruptcy model. The intention is to use data of the firms that have to cease their activities due to bankruptcy. The most common method for bankruptcy model construction is multivariate discriminant analyses (MDA). It allows to derive the indicators most sensitive to the future companies’ failure as a parts of the bankruptcy model. One of the assumptions for using the MDA method and reassuring the reliable results is the normal distribution and independence of the input data. The results of verification of this assumption as the third stage of the project are presented in this article. We have revealed that this assumption is met only in a few selected indicators. Better results were achieved in the indicators in the set of prosperous companies and one year prior the failure. The selected indicators intended for the bankruptcy model construction thus cannot be considered as suitable for using the MDA method.

How well do voice-hearing assessment measures capture the positive experiences of individuals?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Armstrong ◽  
Lorna Hogg ◽  
Pamela Charlotte Jacobsen
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Third ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Hearing Assessment ◽  
Positive Experiences ◽  
Assessment Measures ◽  
Stage 1 ◽  
The Voice

The first stage of this project aims to identify assessment measures which include items on voice-hearing by way of a systematic review. The second stage is the development of a brief framework of categories of positive experiences of voice hearing, using a triangulated approach, drawing on views from both professionals and people with lived experience. The third stage will involve using the framework to identify any positve aspects of voice-hearing included in the voice hearing assessments identified in stage 1.

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