Effects of sexual maturation and sex steroid hormone treatment on the temperature preference of the guppy, Poecilia reticulata (Peters)

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 586-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Johansen ◽  
Jennifer A. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Horizontal Temperature Gradient ◽  
Temperature Preference ◽  
Preferred Temperature ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Lower Temperature

In a horizontal temperature gradient, male guppies prefer a significantly lower temperature (24.5 °C) than females (28.2 °C) or juveniles (28.1 °C). Treatment of juveniles and females with testosterone lowers their preferred temperature to that of males. The reduction in the preferred temperature of testosterone-treated juveniles can occur without the development of male secondary sexual characters. Estrogen treatment of juveniles is without effect, as is treatment of males with estrogen or testosterone. It is postulated that testosterone acts at the level of the hypothalamic thermoregulatory centre.

Female pheromone and the behaviour of male guppies (Poecilia reticulata) in a temperature gradient

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 1211-1213 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Johansen
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Poecilia Reticulata ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Horizontal Temperature Gradient ◽  
Temperature Preference ◽  
Female Pheromone ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

When the two sexes of the guppy are tested separately in a horizontal temperature gradient apparatus, males show a significantly lower temperature preference (23.5 °C) than females (27.4 °C). However, when the two sexes are tested together, males select the same location as the females. Infusion of female holding water, which contains sex pheromone, results in the attraction of males to the site of infusion, as does the infusion of a water mixture of estradiol-17β, but not estrone, estriol, or testosterone. Temporarily plugging the nares, thereby blocking olfaction, prevents the males from responding to the chemical cues.

scholarly journals Sex differences in viral entry protein expression, host responses to SARS-CoV-2, and in vitro responses to sex steroid hormone treatment in COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengying Sun ◽  
Rama Shankar ◽  
Meehyun Ko ◽  
Christopher Daniel Chang ◽  
Shan-Ju Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Expression Profiles ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Host Responses ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone

Abstract Epidemiological studies suggest that men exhibit a higher mortality rate to COVID-19 than women, yet the underlying biology is largely unknown. Here, we seek to delineate sex differences in the expression of entry genes ACE2 and TMPRSS2, host responses to SARS-CoV-2, and in vitro responses to sex steroid hormone treatment. Using over 220,000 human gene expression profiles covering a wide range of age, tissues, and diseases, we found that male samples show higher expression levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, especially in the older group (>60 years) and in the kidney. Analysis of 6,031 COVID-19 patients at Mount Sinai Health System revealed that men have significantly higher creatinine levels, an indicator of impaired kidney function. Further analysis of 782 COVID-19 patient gene expression profiles taken from upper airway and blood suggested men and women present profound expression differences in responses to SARS-CoV-2. Computational deconvolution analysis of these profiles revealed male COVID-19 patients have enriched kidney-specific mesangial cells in blood compared to healthy patients. Finally, we observed selective estrogen receptor modulators, but not other hormone drugs (agonists/antagonists of estrogen, androgen, and progesterone), could reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro.

scholarly journals Genetic differences in female house mice in aggressive response to sex steroid hormone treatment

1993 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 899-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josje C. Compaan ◽  
Gerard van Wattum ◽  
Anne J.H. de Ruiter ◽  
Geert A. van Oortmerssen ◽  
Jaap M. Koolhaas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Aggressive Response ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
House Mice ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone

Pelvic floor sex steroid hormone receptors, distribution and expression in pre- and postmenopausal stress urinary incontinent women

2007 ◽  
Vol 86 (11) ◽  
pp. 1377-1384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Westergren Söderberg ◽  
Bengt Johansson ◽  
Britt Masironi ◽  
Birgitta Byström ◽  
Christian Falconer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pelvic Floor ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Steroid Hormone Receptors ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone

Immunolocalization of sex steroid hormone receptors in the canine uterine tube and their relation to sex steroid hormone levels

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilde Vermeirsch ◽  
Wim Van Den Broeck ◽  
Mark Coryn ◽  
Paul Simoens
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Estrous Cycle ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Steroid Hormone Receptors ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Nuclear Staining ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Uterine Tube

The aim of this immunohistochemical study was to describe the cellular distribution of the estrogen receptor-α (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR) and androgen receptor (AR) in canine uterine tubes. Samples of uterine tubes were taken from dogs in different stages of the estrous cycle, and dogs that were pregnant or had just delivered. Nuclear staining for sex steroid hormone receptors was observed in the surface epithelium, stromal cells and smooth muscle cells of the muscular layer. Only slight differences in staining pattern were observed between the ampulla and fimbriae. The staining for ERα and PR showed changes throughout the estrous cycle. Some of these changes were related to changing concentrations of sex steroid hormones. High staining scores for ERα and PR were found during proestrus and low scores during early metestrus. The staining for AR showed only minor cyclic changes. However, during proestrus and estrus, cytoplasmic staining for AR was observed in differentiated secretory epithelial cells, when nuclear staining in these cells was nearly absent. For the three hormone receptors, stromal cells generally stained with a higher intensity than epithelial cells. It is likely that many steroid hormone actions on the epithelium are mediated through stromal cells. During pregnancy, rather high staining scores were found for ERα and AR in the uterine tube. This is in contrast to observations in the canine pregnant uterus.

scholarly journals Molecular Cloning, Characterization, and Chromosome Mapping of Reptilian Estrogen Receptors

Endocrinology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 151 (12) ◽  
pp. 5710-5720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshinao Katsu ◽  
Kazumi Matsubara ◽  
Satomi Kohno ◽  
Yoichi Matsuda ◽  
Michihisa Toriba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Estrogen Receptor ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Steroid Hormone ◽  
Chromosome 1 ◽  
Sex Steroid ◽  
Steroid Hormone Receptor ◽  
Sex Steroid Hormone ◽  
Ligand Interactions ◽  
Rat Snake

In many vertebrates, steroid hormones are essential for ovarian differentiation during a critical developmental stage as well as promoting the growth and differentiation of the adult female reproductive system. Although studies have been extensively conducted in mammals and a few fish, amphibians, and bird species, the molecular mechanisms of sex steroid hormone (estrogens) action have been poorly examined in reptiles. Here, we evaluate hormone receptor and ligand interactions in two species of snake, the Okinawa habu (Protobothrops flavoviridis, Viperidae) and the Japanese four-striped rat snake (Elaphe quadrivirgata, Colubridae) after the isolation of cDNAs encoding estrogen receptor α (ESR1) and estrogen receptor β (ESR2). Using a transient transfection assay with mammalian cells, the transcriptional activity of reptilian (Okinawa habu, Japanese four-striped rat snake, American alligator, and Florida red-belly freshwater turtle) ESR1 and ESR2 was examined. All ESR proteins displayed estrogen-dependent activation of transcription via an estrogen-response element-containing promoter; however, the responsiveness to various estrogens was different. Further, we determined the chromosomal locations of the snake steroid hormone receptor genes. ESR1 and ESR2 genes were localized to the short and long arms of chromosome 1, respectively, whereas androgen receptor was localized to a pair of microchromosomes in the two snake species examined. These data provide basic tools that allow future studies examining receptor-ligand interactions and steroid endocrinology in snakes and also expands our knowledge of sex steroid hormone receptor evolution.

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