Evolution in the introduced New Zealand populations of the common myna, Acridotheres tristis (Aves: Sturnidae)

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 570-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan J. Baker ◽  
Abdul Moeed
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Size Variation ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
The North ◽  
Common Myna ◽  
Acridotheres Tristis ◽  
The Common

Common mynas were introduced into New Zealand from Australia in the 1870's. Seventy birds released at Wellington have apparently given rise to populations that now occur almost exclusively north of latitude 40° S. Morphometric variation in 28 characters of 307 adults was assessed statistically, based on eight samples spanning their New Zealand range. Univariate analysis revealed that 17 characters of males and 13 of females varied significantly among localities and that birds tend to be larger in the north. Discriminant analysis confirmed the north–south pattern of differentiation but disclosed that the newly established northern populations are very similar morphometrically. Both sexes have differentiated among localities in size and shape. Size variation is aligned with temperature only in males, and shape differences are associated with variation in precipitation in both sexes and altitude in females, females have differentiated in fewer characters than males, but overall, they show a stronger relationship between interlocality and intralocality character variability. Although the adaptive basis of increased size in warmer climates is unclear, the consistency of character covariation in localities with different climatic conditions argues against an ecophenotypic explanation. It is therefore concluded that the New Zealand populations are in the early stages of adaptive differentiation.

scholarly journals Morphometric Variation in Indian Samples of the Common Myna, Acridotheres Tristis (Aves: Sturnidae)

1980 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan J. Baker ◽  
Abdul Moeed
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
Common Myna ◽  
Acridotheres Tristis ◽  
The Common

Morphometric variation in 9 characters of 347 Common Mynas from 10 localities in India was analysed statistically. Both sexes have differentiated similarly among localities in all characters. Character variability within localities is not significantly correlated with that among localities. The patterns of geographic variation are not clinally ordered; contiguous localities often are not most similar morphometrically.

Observation record of the Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
Seok-Jun Son ◽  
Jae-Pyoung Yu ◽  
In-Kyu Kim ◽  
Jung-Lea Kim ◽  
Jung-Hoon Kang
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Common Myna ◽  
Acridotheres Tristis ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals A survey of recent introduction events, spread and mitigation efforts of mynas (Acridotheres sp.) in Spain and Portugal

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
S. Saavedra ◽  
◽  
A. Maraver ◽  
J. D. Anadón ◽  
J. L. Tella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Survey ◽  
Invasive Alien Species ◽  
Breeding Population ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
Common Myna ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
Preventive Actions ◽  
Acridotheres Tristis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Exponential Population Growth

The common myna Acridotheres tristis is listed among the world’s 100 worst invasive alien species. We combined previous records with a field survey to update the extent and fate of myna introductions in Spain and Portugal. Results suggest that there have been at least 22 independent accidental introductions of three myna species throughout the Iberian peninsula and three archipelagos since the early 1990s. While bank mynas (A. ginginianus) did not become established elsewhere, common mynas reached breeding populations on four islands. Eradication efforts allowed the extirpation of these breeding island populations, but common mynas continue to breed in the Tagus Estuary (continental Portugal). In this region, there is also a breeding population of crested mynas (A. cristatellus), which was undergone an exponential population growth in the last decade. To avoid further accidental introductions, eradication campaigns should be combined with preventive actions aiming to stop the trade of these species in Europe.

The Last Decade in New Zealand Archaeology. Part II

Antiquity ◽  
1962 ◽  
Vol 36 (144) ◽  
pp. 271-278
Author(s):  
J. Golson ◽  
P. W. Gathercole
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Rare Type ◽  
Positive Evidence ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
The North ◽  
Culture History ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
The Common

Clearly this is a major problem in New Zealand culture history. One of the present writers has recently outlined the problem and assembled the archaeological materials available for its solution, using excavated evidence for the Moa-hunters and, in the absence of dependable archaeological data, inferring the Maori culture traits relevant to the comparison from a variety of sources, mainly descriptions, drawings and collections made by Europeans in the early days of contact. The result has been to isolate the common elements, point out the distinguishing ones, and define the areas of our present ignorance.The latter include, besides the question of agriculture already discussed, that of warfare. Though none of the evidences to be expected for this—weapons, defensive arrangements, or cannibalism—has been found in unequivocal Moa-hunter contexts, it must be admitted that the search has been restricted. Fortified sites (pa) are a prolific feature of the North Island cultural landscape, but very few have been properly excavated. The results of such investigations as have been made are hardly conclusive, and although the argument favouring Moa-hunter fortification in the Bay of Plenty cannot now be sustained, it would be well to keep the question open. The absence of weapons from Moa-hunter sites is a factor of some importance in this argument, but the Polynesian armoury was rendered almost exclusively in wood, and only stone or bone weapons of the patu type (FIG. 8) will be commonly found in archaeological deposits. Limited excavations on six undeniably fortified sites in the Auckland province have, however, failed to uncover a single weapon. The only piece of positive evidence for Moa-hunter weapons is the Horowhenua bone patu (FIG. 7) associated in a grave with a rare type of amulet, definitely known to the Moa-hunters though not necessarily distinctive of them.

scholarly journals Is It Benign or Is It a Pariah? Empirical Evidence for the Impact of the Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis) on Australian Birds

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e40622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Grarock ◽  
Christopher R. Tidemann ◽  
Jeffrey Wood ◽  
David B. Lindenmayer
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Common Myna ◽  
Australian Birds ◽  
Acridotheres Tristis ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Impact

Morphometric variation of fish scales among some species of rattail fish from New Zealand waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (8) ◽  
pp. 1991-1998
Author(s):  
A. L. Ibáñez ◽  
L. A. Jawad
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Morphological Evolution ◽  
Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Fish Scales ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Morphometric Variation ◽  
Generalized Procrustes Analysis ◽  
Morphometric Methods ◽  
Components Analysis

New Zealand rattail fish are of great interest both to biologists who study their phylogenetics and in fisheries. In contrast, their morphological evolution is little studied and poorly understood. Geometric morphometric methods based on scale shape were applied in this study to determine differences among species and genera. Scale shapes were described using seven landmarks, the coordinates of which were subjected to a generalized Procrustes analysis, followed by a principal components analysis. A cross-validated discriminant analysis was applied to assess and compare the size-shape (centroid size plus shape variables) efficacy in the species and the discrimination of the genera. Two main phenetic groups were identified: cluster no. 1 with eight species and cluster no. 2 with six species. Coelorhinchus aspercephalus and Mesovagus antipodum were more separated from the other species in the first cluster. The cross-validated canonical discriminant analysis correctly classified 74% at the genus level, with most misclassifications occurring between Coelorhinchus and Coryphaenoides, whereas the best classified genera were Mesovagus and Trachyrincus. The discrimination of correctly classified species ranged from 41.2 to 100%. The highest correct classification rates were recorded for Coryphaenoides armatus, Coelorhinchus innotabilis, Trachyrincus longirostris and Mesovagus antipodum.

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