A survey of the ecology and composition of submerged aquatic snail–plant communities

Eva Pip

doi:10.1139/z78-309

A survey of the ecology and composition of submerged aquatic snail–plant communities

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z78-309 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 56 (11) ◽

pp. 2263-2279 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Eva Pip

Keyword(s):

Water Chemistry ◽

Plant Communities ◽

Submerged Macrophytes ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Common Species ◽

Gastropod Species ◽

Chi Square ◽

Environmental Preferences ◽

Species Pairs ◽

Major Grouping

A total of 305 sites were surveyed in southern Manitoba and adjacent areas for the presence of aquatic gastropods and submerged macrophytes with respect to eight water chemistry parameters. Many of the 41 gastropod species found within the study area showed significant preferences for certain parameters. Chi-square tests revealed 68 significant positive and 4 negative interspecific gastropod associations, many of which could not be correlated with net similarities or dissimilarities in significant preferences for the environmental parameters examined. The most common species did not form the most highly significant associations. Members of possible species pairs were compared with respect to their similarities in significant positive associations with other gastropods. The major groupings that emerged reflected characteristics of the habitats within which the species occurred most frequently.Chi-square tests were also conducted for possible snail–plant pairs, resulting in 161 significant positive and 31 negative associations. Many of these could not be correlated with environmental preferences. Members of possible gastropod pairs were compared with respect to their similarities in significant associations with macrophytes. The major grouping that emerged consisted of gastropods which also formed the most highly significant positive associations with macrophytes.

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Interspecific Associations in a Woodland Stream

Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.1139/f81-169 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 38 (10) ◽

pp. 1271-1280 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Seth R. Reice

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽

Community Organization ◽

Common Species ◽

Interspecific Association ◽

Chi Square ◽

Leaf Pack ◽

Leaf Packs ◽

Species Pairs ◽

Associated Species

Patterns of association of benthic macroinvertebrates were examined within a riffle of New Hope Creek, North Carolina, USA. The 16 most common species were tested for cooccurrences. Chi-square contingency tests on simultaneous presence and absence of two species at a time were performed. The strength of the association and its direction were determined for significantly associated species pairs using the V statistic. The patterns of association among 120 species pairs are presented for each of three mineral substrate types (cobbles, pebbles, and gravel) and leaf packs (5 g of Cornus florida leaves) attached to them. These data were collected over a 3-mo period.The results show that significant interspecific association on a given substrate was found for 18.3% or less of the species pairs. The species which strongly associated on one substrate type differed from those associating on another substrate. The presence or absence of leaf packs on a mineral substrate patch, which did not affect most species densities, did affect the cooccurrence patterns among species. The presence of leaf packs reduced the number of significantly associated species pairs on all substrates. In all cases in mineral substrates, negative associations were rare. The proportion of negative associations approximated what one would predict by chance alone. This suggests that competition may not be an important factor in stream communities.This work presents a different approach to the analysis of lotic communities. It suggests several hypotheses about community structure in streams. It reaffirms that substratum type is a major governing factor in stream community structure and dynamics.Key words: benthic macroinvertebrates, community organization, competition, interspecific association, leaf pack, patchiness, predation, stream, substrate

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A phytosociological survey of aquatic vegetation in the main freshwater lakes of Greece

Vegetation Classification and Survey ◽

10.3897/vcs/2020/48377 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 53-75

Author(s):

Dimitrios Zervas ◽

Ioannis Tsiripidis ◽

Erwin Bergmeier ◽

Vasiliki Tsiaoussi

Keyword(s):

Plant Communities ◽

Aquatic Plant ◽

Aquatic Vegetation ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Freshwater Lake ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

Freshwater Lakes ◽

Lake Ecosystems ◽

The Relationship

Aims: This study aims to contribute to the knowledge of European freshwater lake ecosystems with updated and new information on aquatic plant communities, by conducting national-scale phytosociological research of freshwater lake vegetation in Greece. Moreover, it investigates the relationship between aquatic plant communities and lake environmental parameters, including eutrophication levels and hydro-morphological conditions. Study area: Lakes in Greece, SE Europe. Methods: 5,690 phytosociological relevés of aquatic vegetation were sampled in 18 freshwater lake ecosystems during 2013–2016. The relevés were subjected to hierarchical cluster and indicator species analyses in order to identify associations and communities of aquatic vegetation, as well as to describe their syntaxonomy. Multiple regression analysis was applied to investigate the relationship between vegetation syntaxa and environmental parameters of lakes, i.e. physico-chemical parameters and water level fluctuation. Results: Ninety-nine plant taxa belonging to 30 different families were recorded. Forty-six vegetation types were identified and described by their ecological characteristics, diagnostic taxa and syntaxonomical status. Thirteen vegetation types, the largest number belonging to the vegetation class Charetea, are considered to be new records for Greece. The distribution of the vegetation types recorded in the 18 freshwater lakes was found to depend on environmental parameters and levels of eutrophication. Conclusions: An updated aquatic vegetation inventory was produced for Greek lakes, and primary results showed that the presence/absence of aquatic plant communities and the community composition in freshwater lakes can be utilized to assess the pressure of eutrophication on lake ecosystems. Taxonomic reference: Euro+Med (2006–). Abbreviations: MNT = Mean number of taxa; WFD = Water Framework Directive.

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Upscaling biomanipulation in 600 ha Lake Zuidlaardermeer

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1995.0306 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 31 (8) ◽

pp. 235-238

Author(s):

C. Roos ◽

M. Klinge ◽

J. Heringa ◽

D. A. de Vries ◽

R. Torenbeek

Keyword(s):

The Netherlands ◽

Water Chemistry ◽

Chlorophyll A ◽

Fish Community ◽

Submerged Macrophytes ◽

Northern Pike ◽

Emergent Vegetation ◽

Ecological Rehabilitation ◽

Significant Step ◽

Total P

In the 600 ha Lake Zuidlaardermeer in The Netherlands enclosure experiments were carried out in order to test the feasibility of biomanipulation. In two enclosures of 625 m2 each the effects of reduction of fish and wind and waves on water chemistry, phyto- and zooplankton and submerged macrophytes were studied and compared to the lake. In the “fishless” enclosure transparency increased from 40 to 120 cm, chlorophyll-a dropped from 70 to 20 μg/l, total-P dropped from 0.20 to 0.10 mg/l, Daphnia sp. > 1 mm increased from 30 to 130 individuals/l and submerged macrophytes returned. The “fish” enclosure largely behaved in a way intermediate between the “fishless” enclosure and the lake: transparency increased to 60 cm, chlorophyll-a dropped to 40 μg/l, total-P dropped to 0.12 mg/l and Daphnia sp. > 1 mm increased to 80/l. Submerged macrophytes however did not develop. The experiments show the potential of the lake for ecological rehabilitation. Nevertheless the effect of wind and waves on a larger scale remains uncertain. Therefore plans have been made to build a larger enclosure (40–100 ha). In this way, the effects of fish and wind and waves can be studied on a larger scale while at the same time recovery of the submerged macrophytes within this enclosure will be a significant step towards ecological rehabilitation of the whole lake. Beside the return of the submerged macrophytes the management is also aimed at the development of substantial amounts of emergent vegetation, thus supporting enough Northern Pike (Esox lucius L.) for regulation of the planktivorous fish community.

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Water chemistry distinguishes wetland plant communities of the Great Lakes coast

Aquatic Botany ◽

10.1016/j.aquabot.2012.08.005 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 104 ◽

pp. 111-120 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Carol A. Johnston ◽

Terry N. Brown

Keyword(s):

Great Lakes ◽

Water Chemistry ◽

Plant Communities ◽

Wetland Plant ◽

Wetland Plant Communities

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Pliocene foraminifera and environments, Limon Basin of Costa Rica

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s0022336000019181 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 63 (2) ◽

pp. 146-157 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

David T. Cassell ◽

Barun K. Sen Gupta

Keyword(s):

Costa Rica ◽

Benthic Foraminifera ◽

Depositional Environment ◽

Planktonic Foraminifera ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Common Species ◽

Multiple Group ◽

Marine Current ◽

Sandstone Facies ◽

Transported Material

The sandstone facies of the Pliocene Rio Banano Formation of eastern Costa Rica contains benthic foraminifera indicative of an open marine, current-swept, neritic depositional environment. These sandstones and associated siltstones are placed in Zone N18 on the basis of overlapping ranges of planktonic foraminifera, particularly Globigerinoides obliquus extremus and G. ruber, and a short-ranging ostracode species, Radimella ovata. One hundred and eight species of benthic foraminifera have been identified from the formation. A multiple-group-component factor analysis of abundance distributions of several dominant or common species (Amphistegina gibbosa, Articulina mayori, Cassidulina laevigata, C. subglobosa, Cibicidoides floridanus, Elphidium discoidale, Hanzawaia concentrica, Pararotalia sarmientoi, Pseudononion basispinata, Quinqueloculina lamarckiana, Rosalina globularis, and Trifarina angulosa) in the type section aided in the recognition of three benthic foraminiferal assemblages related to environmental parameters. An open marine, shallow, sandy continental shelf environment is suggested by the first assemblage. This is considered the typical depositional environment of the unit. The second and the third assemblages, suggesting an inner littoral environment and the proximity to a reef, respectively, also indicate introduction of significant amount of transported material into the thanatotopes.

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Pollination in alpine Norway: flowering phenology, insect visitors, and visitation rates in two plant communities

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b93-124 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 71 (8) ◽

pp. 1072-1079 ◽

Cited By ~ 104

Author(s):

Ørjan Totland

Keyword(s):

Plant Communities ◽

Interspecific Interactions ◽

Flowering Phenology ◽

Alpine Plant ◽

Visitation Rates ◽

Species Pairs ◽

Alpine Plant Communities ◽

Selection For ◽

Insect Visitors ◽

Key Words Alpine

Pollination studies in European alpine communities are few. The objective of this study was to describe the pollination ecology in two alpine plant communities at Finse, southwestern Norway. Because of late snowmelt and early winter at Finse, the time available for flowering and seed maturation is restricted. Flowering was concentrated at the beginning of the season in both communities, and large overlaps in flowering time were found for most species. In one of the communities, flowering peaks were significantly clumped, whereas in the other they were randomly distributed through the season. However, in this community, five insect-pollinated species flowered simultaneously early in the season. Diptera almost exclusively dominated the visitor assemblage. Most plant species pairs had high overlaps in flower visitor species. Species flowering simultaneously attracted the same visitor species. In one community, eight species pairs flowered sequentially and shared visitors. Visitation rates were highest at the lowest elevated site. The results are compared with those obtained in other alpine areas. It is argued that selection for an early flowering is probably stronger than selection pressures resulting from interspecific interactions. Key words: alpine, Diptera, flowering phenology, flower visitors, season length, visitation rate.

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Identification ofCandidaSpecies Associated with Vulvovaginal Candidiasis by Multiplex PCR

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology ◽

10.1155/2012/872169 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Mahnaz Mahmoudi Rad ◽

Ameneh Sh Zafarghandi ◽

Maryam Amel Zabihi ◽

Mahkam Tavallaee ◽

Yasaman Mirdamadi

Keyword(s):

Multiplex Pcr ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Positive Association ◽

Common Species ◽

Vaginal Swab ◽

Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽

Rrna Genes ◽

Its2 Region ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significant Positive Association

Background. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is a common infection. The aim of this study was to identify the species of vaginalCandidaisolates by using multiplex PCR technique.Methods. 191 isolates from patients admitted to Mahdieh hospital were identified. The vaginal swab specimens were cultured on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar. The ITS1 region between the 18S and 5.8S rRNA genes and a specific DNA fragment within the ITS2 region were amplified. The multiplex PCR products were separated by electrophoresis in 2% agarose gel, visualized by staining with ethidium bromide, and photographed. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and Spearman correlation were used to summarize the findings.Results.C. albicansandC. glabratawere the most common species isolated from the specimens. A mix ofC. glabrataandC. albicanswas the most common mixed infection isolated from the samples. The analysis revealed a significant positive association between older age and infection withC. glabrataisolates (Spearman’s rho = 0.89,P=0.015).Conclusion. Multiplex PCR is a fast, yet reliable method to identifyCandidaspecies.C. albicansand thenC. glabrataare the two most common causes of vulvovaginal candidiasis. The number of mixed fungal infections is higher among Iranian population compared to international reports.

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Community structure and condition of seagrass meadows in Ayau Islands, Raja Ampat Regency

Marine Research in Indonesia ◽

10.14203/mri.v45i1.564 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 13-24

Author(s):

Andri Irawan ◽

Muhammad Hafizt ◽

Udhi Eko Hernawan

Keyword(s):

Community Structure ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Water Clarity ◽

Well Being ◽

Common Species ◽

Thalassia Hemprichii ◽

Seagrass Meadows ◽

Halophila Ovalis ◽

Seagrass Cover ◽

Baseline Information

Seagrass meadows are an important component of coastal ecosystems, providing many ecosystem services beneficial for human well-being. Basic information about seagrass meadows in Indonesia is relatively limited, particularly in the eastern part of Indonesia, such as the remote Ayau Islands in Raja Ampat. In this paper, we reported the community structure and condition of seagrass meadows in Ayau Islands surveyed during Nusa Manggala Expedition in November 2018. We conducted the seagrass survey using quadrat transect method at five locations, i.e. Reni, Rutum, Abidon, Kanober, and Dorehkar. In the survey, we assessed parameters of community structure, including habitat extent, species composition, seagrass cover, seagrass density, macroalgae and epiphyte cover. We also recorded environmental parameters, i.e. substrate types, water clarity, salinity, water temperature, and nutrient (phosphate and nitrate). Our study showed that seagrass meadows in Ayau Islands are multispecies meadows, composed of two to five species. In overall, five species recorded in Ayau Islands are Cymodocea rotundata, Enhalus acoroides, Halodule pinifolia, Halophila ovalis, and Thalassia hemprichii. The most common species is T. hemprichii as it can be found in all locations. Meadows in Reni, Rutum, and Dorehkar are in a healthy condition, while in Abidon and Kanober are in less healthy condition. This information is of significance as baseline information needed for seagrass conservation planning.

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Exploring B/Ca as a pH proxy in bivalves: relationships between <i>Mytilus californianus</i> B/Ca and environmental data from the northeast Pacific

Biogeosciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/bgd-8-5587-2011 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 5587-5616 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S. J. McCoy ◽

L. F. Robinson ◽

C. A. Pfister ◽

J. T. Wootton ◽

N. Shimizu

Keyword(s):

Ocean Acidification ◽

Water Chemistry ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Environmental Data ◽

Mytilus Californianus ◽

Seawater Chemistry ◽

Northeast Pacific ◽

Ion Probe ◽

Seawater Environment

Abstract. A distinct gap in our ability to understand changes in coastal biology that may be associated with recent ocean acidification is the paucity of directly measured ocean environmental parameters at coastal sites in recent decades. Thus, many researchers have turned to sclerochronological reconstructions of water chemistry to document the historical seawater environment. In this study, we explore the relationships between B/Ca and pH to test the feasibility of B/Ca measured on the ion probe as a pH proxy in the California mussel, Mytilus californianus. We compare the M. californianus B/Ca record to directly measured environmental data during mussel growth 1999–2009 to determine the correlation between B/Ca and seawater chemistry and discuss methods for assigning sample chronology when sampling an organism with variable growth rates.

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