Morphology and host specificity of Cryptobia catostomi n.sp. (Protozoa: Kinetoplastida) from white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) in southern Ontario

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1082-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Bower ◽  
Patrick T. K. Woo
Keyword(s):  
Host Specificity ◽  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Body Measurements ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Adult Fish ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Semotilus Atromaculatus ◽  
Rhinichthys Atratulus

During the summer of 1975, 285 white sucker from 10 localities in southern Ontario were examined for haemoflagellates. Cryptobia catostomi n.sp., found in the blood of 43.4% of the fish examined, occurred in all populations of adult fish and in one of three populations of juvenile fish.The morphology of C. catostomi n.sp. based on over 500 specimens stained with Giemsa's stain, varied considerably. Cloning showed that this species is pleomorphic and has morphological features and body measurements which encompass most other Cryptobia spp. previously described from the blood of fishes. Cryptobia catostomi n.sp. was distinguished by its host specificity. Infections could not be transmitted to 16 other species of fishes by inoculation of blood from infected sucker. Fishes refractive to infection included Cyprinus carpio, Carassius auratus, Rhinichthys atratulus, Semotilus atromaculatus, Salmo gairdneri, Oncorhynchus kisutch, and Esox lucius from which other species of Cryptobia (C. borreli, C. cataractae, C. salmositica, and C. gurneyorum) have been reported in North America.

Sulphate Entry into Soft-Water Fish (Salmo Gairdneri, Catostomus Commersoni) During Low Ambient pH Exposure

1987 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-109
Author(s):  
HELVE HŌBE
Keyword(s):  
White Muscle ◽  
Soft Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Ion Transfer ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Transfer Rates ◽  
Water Fish ◽  
Body Compartments

The physiological responses of white sucker (Catostomus commersoni Lacépede) and rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri Richardson), both reared in natural soft water, to a reduction in ambient pH were compared by simultaneous analyses of ion levels in various body compartments (plasma, muscle, whole fish) and net ion transfer rates. Following 24 h of exposure to acidified (H2SO4) natural soft-water, both species displayed a net influx of protons (or loss of base) and net losses of body Na+, Cl−, Ca2+, Mg2+, K+ and phosphate. The magnitude of ion loss from plasma was twice as large in the trout as in the sucker. Shifts of fluid from the extracellular to the intracellular fluid occurred in both species. Losses of ions from epaxial white muscle were small relative to intracellular ion losses from the rest of the body in both species. The most notable finding was the entry of sulphate into the body fluids of both species, accumulating primarily in plasma and in the intracellular compartment of sucker and trout, respectively. The possible mechanism(s) and implications of sulphate influx into fish are discussed.

Biology of Philometroides huronensis (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea) in the white sucker (Catostomus commersoni)

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1430-1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie S. Uhazy
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Lake Huron ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Pleistocene Glaciation ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
One Year ◽  
Gravid Females

White suckers (Catostomus commersoni (Lacépède)) collected from various locations in southern Ontario were examined for Philometroides huronensis Uhazy, 1976. Stages of the parasite were recovered from the peritoneum around the swim bladder, bases of the fins, and the fins. Prevalence of infections was high and intensities relatively low. The parasite was less prevalent in longnose (Catostomus catostomus (Forster)) and redhorse (Moxostoma macrolepidotum (LeSucur)) suckers collected from the same area.Males, female fourth-stage larvae, uninseminated. inseminated, subgravid, and gravid females were recovered from fish collected from southern Lake Huron. Prevalence was 83 to 100% throughout the year and showed no significant seasonal trend. Numbers of worms recovered ranged from 1 to 32 per fish; 77% were infected with from 1 to 7 worms. Intensities of infections varied significantly with season, being highest during fall, winter, and early spring. All age groups of white suckers were infected; however, intensity did not vary significantly with host age. Although P. huronensis was highly prevalent throughout the year and from one year to the next, the life cycle was completed in a single year.The evolution of three valid species in the Philometrinae from the white sucker in North America is proposed, based on the evidence that before Pleistocene glaciation there were three separate forms of white sucker.

The biology of Trypanosoma phaleri n.sp. from bowfin, Amia calva L., in Canada and the United States

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 1956-1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon R. M. Jones ◽  
Patrick T. K. Woo
Keyword(s):  
Carassius Auratus ◽  
Gasterosteus Aculeatus ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
The United States ◽  
Salmo Gairdneri ◽  
Anguilla Rostrata ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Ictalurus Nebulosus ◽  
Amia Calva ◽  
A New Species

Between 1985 and 1989, 133 of 136 (98%) bowfin (Amia calva) collected from Lakes Ontario, Erie and Huron, Ontario, Canada, and from Sugg's Lake, Florida, U.S.A., were infected with a new species of trypanosome. Trypanosoma phaleri n.sp. was pleomorphic, developed to infective metatrypanosomes in the leech Desserobdella phalera, and was transmitted by D. phalera to laboratory-reared bowfin but not to Catostomus commersoni, Anguilla rostrata, Ictalurus nebulosus, Gasterosteus aculeatus, Salmo gairdneri, Perca flavescens, Stizostedion vitreum, or Carassius auratus. Trypanosoma phaleri n.sp. developed poorly in the leech Hemiclepsis marginata.

The rodlet cell of Semotilus atromaculatus and Catostomus commersoni (Teleostei): studies on its identity using histochemistry and DNase I – gold, RNase A – gold, and S1 nuclease – gold labeling techniques

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Barber ◽  
J. E. Mills Westermann
Keyword(s):  
Rnase A ◽  
Methyl Green ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
S1 Nuclease ◽  
Semotilus Atromaculatus ◽  
Left Handed ◽  
Core Boundary ◽  
Creek Chub ◽  
Rodlet Cells

Rodlet cells, enigmatic, variably present components of several teleost epithelia, have been regarded as normal cells of unknown function or parasites of unknown phylogeny. The present study examines rodlet cells in the northern creek chub, Semotilus atromaculatus, and the white sucker, Catostomus commersoni. In light microscopic histochemistry, rodlet cores give "RNA-type" reactions to acridine orange and methyl green – pyronin procedures, but in electon microscopy, application of the nuclease–gold procedure shows that rodlets contain DNA in a helical distribution at the core boundary, but not RNA. Rodlet cores also are labeled by S1 nuclease – gold, an enzyme that is specific for single-stranded DNA. We have concluded that DNA, and only DNA, is found in the rodlet, and that it occurs in a conformation not normally seen in the eukaryote nucleus. In fact, the rodlet with its DNA resembles no known eukaryote, prokaryote, or virus. Discussion includes the possibility that the rodlet core may be a natural example of DNA containing left-handed sequences (Z-DNA). Since the nucleus of the rodlet cell contains the same amount of DNA as nuclei of teleost cells, the cell itself is concluded to be of teleost origin, and the rodlets are proposed to be invasive structures of unknown phylogeny which convert the metabolism of the teleost cell to rodlet production.

Responses in a Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) Lifecycle Test and in Wild White Sucker (Catostomus commersoni) Exposed to a Canadian Bleached Kraft Mill Effluent

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanne L. Parrott ◽  
L. Mark Hewitt ◽  
Tibor G. Kovacs ◽  
Deborah L. MacLatchy ◽  
Pierre H. Martel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Fathead Minnow ◽  
Pimephales Promelas ◽  
Fish Reproduction ◽  
White Sucker ◽  
Catostomus Commersoni ◽  
Liver Size ◽  
Paper Mill Effluent ◽  
Kraft Mill Effluent ◽  
Kraft Mill

Abstract To evaluate currently available bioassays for their use in investigating the causes of pulp and paper mill effluent effects on fish reproduction, the responses of wild white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) collected from the receiving environment at the bleached kraft mill at La Tuque, Quebec, were compared with responses of fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) exposed to effluent in a laboratory lifecycle test. White sucker collected at effluent exposed sites had increased liver size but none of the reproductive effects that had been documented in earlier field studies at this site. Exposure to 1, 3, 10, 30, and 100% bleached kraft mill effluent (BKME) in the lab led to significantly decreased length, but increased weight and liver size in male fathead minnow. Female length was also decreased and liver size was increased at high effluent exposures. Most effluent concentrations (1 to 30%) significantly increased egg production compared with controls. The fathead minnow lifecycle assay mirrored the effects seen in wild fish captured downstream of the BKME discharge. These results will be used to select short-term fish tests for investigating the causes of and solutions to the effects of mill effluents on fish reproduction.

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