Fecundity and release of young in Diastylis sculpta Sars (Crustacea, Cumacea)

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1946-1949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Corey
Keyword(s):  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
The Mean

Diastylis sculpta has two generations per year. The mean fecundity for the summer and overwintering females was 20.9 and 72.3 respectively. The marsupial larval stages increase in volume from 0.020 mm3, stage I, to 0.162 mm3, stage IV. The duration of release of the entire brood per female averaged 145 h (range 63–206 h). About 2% of the overwintering females produce a second brook.

Predictive factors for metastasis in patients (pts) with gastric cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 15056-15056
Author(s):  
S. Kilickap ◽  
O. Dizdar ◽  
H. Harputluoglu ◽  
S. Aksoy ◽  
S. Yalcin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Metastasis Development ◽  
The Mean

15056 Background: Determination of patients (pts) with early stage disease who have a high risk for developing metastatic disease is crucial. We investigated the risk factors associated with metastases development in pts with operable gastric cancer. Patients and Methods: In this retrospective study, pts with stage I-III and non-metastatic stage IV gastric cancer diagnosed between 1990 and 2006 were evaluated. The medical records of all pts including patient characteristics, laboratory results, histopathological examinations, were reviewed. Logistic regression methods were used to determine the risk factors for developing metastasis and to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: 184 pts (70% male, 30% female) were analyzed. The mean age ± standard deviation was 56.5±11.9. The mean age of female were higher than male (p=0.014). At the time of diagnosis, 13.6% of the pts had stage I, 19.0% had stage II, 53.3% had stage III, and 14.1% had non-metastatic stage IV disease. The tumors were distally localized in 80% of the cases. Median follow-up period was 35 months. During follow up, 51 pts developed metastases. Median time to metastases development was 14 months. Overall survival was shorter in pts who developed metastasis than those who did not. (20 months vs. not reached, respectively, p=0.002). In univariate analyses, stage (p=0.020), tumor localization (p=0.006), extracapsular lymphatic extension (ELE) (p<0.001), the number of metastatic lymph nodes (p=0.001), CEA level (p<0.001), lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (p=0.001), and perineural invasion (p=0.007) were associated with metastasis development. In multivariate analysis, elevated CEA levels (p=0.009; OR: 2.8; CI 95%: 1.29–6.19), LVI (p=0.041; OR: 2.2; CI 95%: 1.03–4.64) and ELE (p=0.029; OR: 2.3; CI 95%: 1.09–4.78) were associated with increased risk of metastasis development while distal localization (p=0.038; OR: 0.42; CI%: 0.18–0.95) was associated with decreased risk in pts with gastric cancer. Discussion: In pts with early stage or locally advanced gastric cancer, elevated CEA levels, LVI, proximal localization and ELE were associated with increased risk of developing metastasis. Aggressive treatment options and closer follow up should be considered for pts with these risk factors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Radiation therapy for oral melanoma in dogs: A retrospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Carvalho dos Santos Cunha ◽  
Katia Barão Corgozinho ◽  
Franciele Basso Fernandes Silva ◽  
Kassia Valéria Gomes Coelho da Silva ◽  
Ana Maria Reis Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Mean Survival Time ◽  
Oral Melanoma ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT: Our retrospective study evaluated the survival of 24 dogs with unresectable malignant melanoma treated with radiation therapy. Fifteen dogs were treated with radiation therapy (RT) and chemotherapy (CT), five with surgery followed by RT and CT, three with palliative RT, and one with electrochemotherapy associated with RT. All dogs were treated with an orthovoltage Stabilipan I. The protocol used was three or four weekly fractions of 8 Gy. Carboplatin was administered every 21 days, a total of four times. Five percent of dogs were classified as having stage I melanoma, 17% as stage II, 50% as stage III, and 17% as stage IV. Sixty-four percent had a partial response to treatment, 29% achieved complete remission, and 7% remained in a stable disease state. The mean survival time was 390 days for stage I, 286 days for stage II, 159 days for stage III, and 90 days for stage IV. We concluded that radiation therapy can be considered a viable alternative for the palliative treatment of canine oral melanoma.

Asbestos-related malignant mesothelioma in Japan

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (18_suppl) ◽  
pp. 18182-18182
Author(s):  
T. Kishimoto
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Mesothelioma ◽  
Asbestos Exposure ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Best Supportive Care ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Clinical Staging ◽  
Tumor Tissues ◽  
The Mean

18182 Large amounts of asbestos use from 1960’s induced the increase of death caused by malignant mesothelioma in Japan. However, a national survey of the relationship between malignant mesothelioma and asbestos exposure, as well as diagnosis and treatment of malignant mesothelioma has not done up to today. One hundred and fifty-three cases of malignant mesothelioma diagnosed and treated in the Rosai Hospitals located all over Japan were studied, and 132 cases (80.4%) proved to be the definite diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma; another 21 cases were diagnosed as lung cancer, etc. As for definite 132 cases, 105 cases are male and other 27 cases are female with the ratio of 3.9:1. Ages ranges from 28 to 92 years old with the mean of 66.2 years old. One hundred and twelve cases originated from pleura, 18 cases from peritoneum, and each one case originated from pericardium and testicular tunica vaginalis. Final diagnosis of 104 cases (78.8%) was done by the tumor tissues. According to IMIG classification, stage I was 29 cases, stage II 6 cases, stage III 28 cases and stage IV was 44 cases. For the treatment, 29 cases were done extrapleurectomy, 58 cases were chemotherapy and other 39 cases were best supportive care. Median survival term of 132 cases were 9.5 months with 9.8 months of pleural origin and 5.6 months of peritoneal origin. By the clinical staging, stage I and II were 17.2 months, stage III 10.4 months and stage IV 5.4 months. By the treatment, extrapleurectomy was 18.1 months, chemotherapy 8.0 months and palliative care was 5.7 months. Seventy six percent cases were induced by occupational asbestos exposure and the mean exposuring time was 27.6 years and the mean latency was 43 years. Occupational histories were mainly shipbuilders, carpenters, electricians and piping workers. Summary: Seventy-six percent of Japanese malignant mesothelioma appeared by the occupational exposure to asbestos. Seventy-eight percent of final diagnosis were done by histological examination of tumor tissue. Extrapleurectomy was effective for the prognosis. [Table: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Long-term Outcome in Children with Wilms’ Tumor; Experience of a Single Center for Two Decades

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leily Mohajerzadeh ◽  
Ahmad Khaleghnejad ◽  
Mohsen Rouzrokh ◽  
Shahin Shamsian ◽  
Javad Ghoroubi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wilms Tumor ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Tumor Study ◽  
The Mean

Background: Wilms’ tumor (nephroblastoma) is the major renal cancer in children. Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the individuality of Wilms’ tumor and the consequences of management attained in our referral subspecialty center. Methods: In this study, we composed the data of children with Wilms’ tumor in 2 decades; 55 cases between 1992 and 2002 and 49 patients between 2006 and 2016 were diagnosed with Wilms’ tumor. Demographic characters, a form of presentation, tumor stage, related underlying disease, histopathology consequences, type of management, and the survival rates were assessed. Results: In the first decade, 24 patients were females and 31 were males (M/F = 1.2); in the other groups, 30 were females and 19 were males (M/F = 0.61). The mean age was 45.2 months at the time of diagnosis for the first group and the mean age was 36 months for the other group. In the first decade, the surgical stage after the operation was as follows: stage I (32.7%), stage II (16.36%), stage III (38.1%), stage IV (9%), and stage V (1.8%) who did not operate. In second decade, 49 patients were as follows: stage I (14.3%), stage II (40.8%), stage III (24.5%), stage IV (10.2%), and stage V (10.2%). In 54.5% of the first group, histology was favorable, and in 43.6% of the first group, histology was unfavorable; in the second group, 95.4% were the favorable type. The patients were managed based on protocols of the National Wilms’ Tumor Study. In the first decade, relapse-free was 71% and 4-year survival rates were estimated at 86%, and in the second decade, pulmonary metastasis was observed at 28.6%, liver metastasis in 2.3%, recurrence in 5%, and 4-year survival rates were estimated at 90%. Conclusions: This study demonstrated development in the management of children with Wilms’ tumor in recent 20 years, with comparable relapse-free and survival rates to the National Wilms’ Tumor study. But with more adjustment in treatment protocols, the superior outcome will be attainable.

La répartition horizontale et verticale des larves de homard (Homarus americanus) autour des îles de la Madeleine, golfe du Saint-Laurent

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 2164-2176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Hudon ◽  
Pierre Fradette ◽  
Pierre Legendre
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
Horizontal And Vertical Distributions ◽  
La Madeleine

Thirty-nine stations localized around the eastern tip of the Îles de la Madeleine, in two lagoons, and in the baie de Plaisance were sampled using plankton net tows during the summers of 1978, 1980, and 1981. The horizontal and vertical distributions of each of the four larval stages of Homarus americanus were assessed from sets of surface tows using simple neuston and meter nets (1978 and 1980) as well as a three-compartment plankton net (1981). Most of the stage I larval production takes place in the northeast and southeast regions. However, the abundance of stage IV larvae is low in the southeast and almost nil in the northeast. By contrast, the baie de Plaisance harbors very few stage I larvae, but a very high proportion of stage III and IV larvae. The periods of first appearance and maximum abundance are also out of phase for the three regions, occurring in the northeast before the southeast and the baie de Plaisance. These results suggest that the general pattern of abundance of larvae is driven by the current regime, flushing the larvae around the Pointe de l'Est and concentrating them in the baie de Plaisance following a gyre. On a smaller scale, 12 stations arranged in a 3 × 4 grid in the baie de Plaisance were sampled for 12 wk in the summer of 1980. The first three larval stages show a strongly aggregated distribution and are most frequent at the mouth of the bay. Conversely, stage IV larvae are found more frequently in the shore stations and inside the bay. There is a significant correlation between stage IV larval abundance and the distance to rocky bottoms favorable to benthic life. The vertical distribution of larvae at two stations (1981) shows that only the stage I larvae have a vertical distribution related to light intensity, being found in highest abundance in the surface layer (0–0.8 m) at dusk and dawn. Stage I larvae were uniformly distributed between 0 and 1.6 m during the day and down to 2.4 m at night. Stage II, III, and IV larvae were always found near the surface.

Biochemical composition of amniotic fluid during different stages of gestation in Gaddi sheep

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Shukla ◽  
Rajesh Rajput ◽  
R. Kumar ◽  
Madan Verma
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Amniotic Fluid ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Crown Rump Length ◽  
Healthy State ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration ◽  
I 31

The study was conducted on amniotic fluid collected from fifty gravid uteri of Gaddi sheep at different stages of gestation. The foetii were measured for their crown rump length and then divided into 4 stages i.e. stage I (31-60 days), stage II (61-90 days), stage III (91-120 days) and stage IV (121- till term). The mean concentration of glucose showed a declining trend from stage I to stage IV of gestation. The level of total protein remained consistent initially and decreased slightly in later stages of gestation. Creatinine and urea increased from stage I and II to stage III of gestation. Activity of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was significantly higher in stage I of gestation. Alkaline Phosphatase showed highest activity in stage III of gestation. Changes in the concentration of glucose, urea, proteins or enzymes in foetal fluid reflect alterations in the functioning of liver during pregnancy and can be used as an important tool to assess the healthy state of pregnancy.

scholarly journals GERMLINE HYPERMUTABILITY IN DROSOPHILA AND ITS RELATION TO HYBRID DYSGENESIS AND CYTOTYPE

Genetics ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-587
Author(s):  
William R Engels
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Hybrid Dysgenesis ◽  
Mutation Rates ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Genetic Element ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
P Factor

ABSTRACT In its hypermutable state, an unstable singed allele, snw, mutates in the germline to two other alleleic forms at a total frequency usually between 40 and 60%. In its stable state, the mutation rate of snw is essentially zero. Its state depends on an extrachromosomal condition indistinguishable from a property called cytotype previously studied as a component of hybrid dysgenesis. Of the two known systems of hybrid dysgenesis, denoted P-M and I-R, snw hypermutability is determined by the P-M system and appears to be independent of the I-R system. Cytotype, as defined by the control of snw mutability, is self-reproducing in the cytoplasm or nucleoplasm of the germline through at least two generations. However, it is not entirely autonomous, being ultimately determined by the chromosomes after sufficiently many generations of backcrossing. This combination of chromosomal and extrachromosomal transmission agrees well with previous studies on cytotype. Temperature differences have little effect on the mean mutation rates, but they have a pronounced effect on the intrinsic variance among individuals. The latter effect suggests that high temperatures reduce germ-cell survival during the development of dysgenic flies. Chromosomal rearrangements produce no apparent effects on the behavior of snw. Hypermutability is thought to be caused by the excision or other alteration of an inserted genetic element in the snw gene. This element might be a copy of the "P factor," which is though to be a mobile sequence capable of causing female sterility and other dysgenic traits in the P-M system.

scholarly journals Gastric Cancer Treatments and Survival Trends in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-151
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Stahl ◽  
Elizabeth J. Olecki ◽  
Matthew E. Dixon ◽  
June S. Peng ◽  
Madeline B. Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The United States ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Specific Guideline ◽  
Kaplan Meier

Gastric cancer is the third most common cause of cancer deaths worldwide. Despite evidence-based recommendation for treatment, the current treatment patterns for all stages of gastric cancer remain largely unexplored. This study investigates trends in the treatments and survival of gastric cancer. The National Cancer Database was used to identify gastric adenocarcinoma patients from 2004–2016. Chi-square tests were used to examine subgroup differences between disease stages: Stage I, II/III and IV. Multivariate analyses identified factors associated with the receipt of guideline concordant care. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to assess three-year overall survival. The final cohort included 108,150 patients: 23,584 Stage I, 40,216 Stage II/III, and 44,350 Stage IV. Stage specific guideline concordant care was received in only 73% of patients with Stage I disease and 51% of patients with Stage II/III disease. Patients who received guideline consistent care had significantly improved survival compared to those who did not. Overall, we found only moderate improvement in guideline adherence and three-year overall survival during the 13-year study time period. This study showed underutilization of stage specific guideline concordant care for stage I and II/III disease.

scholarly journals Serum Biomarker Signature-Based Liquid Biopsy for Diagnosis of Early-Stage Pancreatic Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (28) ◽  
pp. 2887-2894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda D. Mellby ◽  
Andreas P. Nyberg ◽  
Julia S. Johansen ◽  
Christer Wingren ◽  
Børge G. Nordestgaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The United States ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Serum Biomarker ◽  
Patient Cohort ◽  
Biomarker Signature ◽  
Control Study

Purpose Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has a poor prognosis, with a 5-year survival of < 10% because of diffuse symptoms leading to late-stage diagnosis. That survival could increase significantly if localized tumors could be detected early. Therefore, we used multiparametric analysis of blood samples to obtain a novel biomarker signature of early-stage PDAC. The signature was derived from a large patient cohort, including patients with well-defined early-stage (I and II) PDAC. This biomarker signature was validated subsequently in an independent patient cohort. Patients and Methods The biomarker signature was derived from a case-control study, using a Scandinavian cohort, consisting of 16 patients with stage I, 132 patients with stage II, 65 patients with stage III, and 230 patients with stage IV PDAC, and 888 controls. This signature was validated subsequently in an independent case-control cohort in the United States with 15 patients with stage I, 75 patients with stage II, 15 patients with stage III, and 38 patients with stage IV PDAC, and 219 controls. An antibody microarray platform was used to identify the serum biomarker signature associated with early-stage PDAC. Results Using the Scandinavian case-control study, a biomarker signature was created, discriminating samples derived from patients with stage I and II from those from controls with a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve value of 0.96. This signature, consisting of 29 biomarkers, was then validated in an independent case-control study in the United States. The biomarker signature could discriminate patients with stage I and II PDAC from controls in this independent patient cohort with a receiver operating characteristic area under the curve value of 0.96. Conclusion This serum biomarker signature might represent a tenable approach to detecting early-stage, localized PDAC if these findings are supported by a prospective validation study.

XMAP230 is required for the assembly and organization of acetylated microtubules and spindles in Xenopus oocytes and eggs

1998 ◽  
Vol 111 (16) ◽  
pp. 2315-2327 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.J. Cha ◽  
B. Error ◽  
D.L. Gard
Keyword(s):  
Late Stage ◽  
Xenopus Oocytes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Polyclonal Antibodies ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Meiotic Spindle ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Early Embryos ◽  
And Function

We used affinity-purified polyclonal antibodies to characterize the distribution and function of XMAP230, a heat-stable microtubule-associated protein isolated from Xenopus eggs, during oogenesis. Immunoblots revealed that XMAP230 was present throughout oogenesis and early development, but was most abundant in late stage oocytes, eggs, and early embryos. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that XMAP230 was associated with microtubules in oogonia, post-mitotic stage 0 oocytes, early stage I oocytes, and during stage IV-VI of oogenesis. However, staining of microtubules by anti-XMAP230 was not detectable during late stage I through stage III. In stage VI oocytes, anti-XMAP230 stained a large subset of microtubules that were also stained with monoclonal antibodies specific for acetylated (α)-tubulin. During oocyte maturation, XMAP230 was associated with the transient microtubule array that serves as the precursor of the first meiotic spindle, as well as both first and second meiotic spindles. The extensive array of cytoplasmic microtubules present throughout maturation was not detectably stained by anti-XMAP230. Microinjection of anti-XMAP230 locally disrupted the organization and acetylation of microtubules in stage VI oocytes, and reduced the re-acetylation of microtubules during recovery from cold-induced microtubule disassembly. Subsequent maturation of oocytes injected with anti-XMAP230 resulted in defects in the assembly of the transient microtubules array and first meiotic spindle. These observations suggest that XMAP230 is required for the stabilization and organization of cytoplasmic and spindle microtubules in Xenopus oocytes and eggs.

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