A case of traumatic dermal myiasis in Quebec caused by Phormia regina (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

1975 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1472-1476 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. E. A. Ali-Khan ◽  
Z. Ali-Khan
Keyword(s):  
Adult Stage ◽  
Phormia Regina ◽  
Development Times ◽  
Large Numbers

A case of human myiasis due to Phormia regina (Meigen) is reported from Montreal, Quebec. Large numbers of larvae were removed from a necrotic hip wound in a 44-year-old male. Larvae were reared to the adult stage; larval and pupal measurements and development times are given.

DEVELOPMENT AND SURVIVAL OF AXENICALLY REARED MOUNTAIN PINE BEETLES, DENDROCTONUS PONDEROSAE (COLEOPTERA: SCOLYTIDAE), AT CONSTANT TEMPERATURES

1985 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Safranyik ◽  
H. S. Whitney
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Base Temperature ◽  
Heat Unit ◽  
Mountain Pine Beetles ◽  
Mountain Pine ◽  
Development Times ◽  
Temperature Heat ◽  
Pine Beetles

AbstractThe development and survival of mountain pine beetles axenically reared on standardized diet at 8 constant temperatures (10°–35 °C) were observed. At 32 °and 35 °C, 22 and 18% of the eggs hatched and all larvae died within 10 d of hatching. At the lower temperatures, 60–70% of the eggs hatched. The highest survival for all developmental stages was at 24 °C. At 10° and 15 °C development of all beetles reared in bolts of lodgepole pine or on axenic diet stopped when larvae were fully developed, whereas at 24 °and 27 °C all of the beetles developed normally to the adult stage. Larvae that had stopped developing during rearing at 15 °C resumed development after being transferred to 24 °C, indicating that pupation was limited by temperature. Although mean development times to the larval, pupal, and adult stages all decreased with increasing incubation temperature, heat-unit requirements above a base temperature of 5.6 °C were lowest for individuals reared at 27 °and 24 °C for all developmental stages. At these temperatures, an estimated average of 673 and 674 degree-days above 5.6 °C were required for development from egg to the tanned (dark) adult stage, respectively. The average widths of the prothorax and the sex ratios of axenic beetles were within published ranges. Mean development times and heat-unit requirements at constant temperatures for development to various life stages agreed well with published field and laboratory studies from western Canada.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN DAN PENGELOLAAN TUNA NERITIK DI WILAYAH PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA (WPPNRI) 573

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Agustinus Anung Widodo ◽  
Ignatius Trihargiyatno ◽  
Regi Fiji Anggawangsa ◽  
Wudianto Wudianto
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Migratory Species ◽  
The Past ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Sampling Program ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Tuna Fisheries ◽  
Longtail Tuna

Dalam rangka mendeskripsikan pemanfaatan dan inisiasi pengelolaan perikanan tuna neritik di WPPNRI 573, telah dilakukan penelitian dengan mengambil kasus perikanan tuna neritik berbasis di PPN Prigi-Jawa Timur. Data diperoleh melalui program port sampling pada tahun 2013-2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan produksi tuna neritik yaitu tongkol lisong (BLT), tongkol krai (FRI), tongkol komo (KAW), dan tongkol abu-abu (LOT) rata-rata sebesar 8.120 ton per tahun. Dari jumlah tersebut, 99,56% diproduksi melalui perikanan pukat cincin (PS) dan sisanya dari perikanan jaring insang hanyut (dGN), payang (DS), dan pancing tonda-pancing ulur (TR-sHL dan dHL). CPUE nominal PS selama 5 tahun terakhir terus menurun, rata-rata 0,891 ton/hari. Komposisi jenis tangkapan PS meliputi BLT (91,52 %), FRI (6,68 %), KAW (1,78 %) dan LOT (0,01 %). Sebanyak 99% BLT yang tertangkap PS merupakan ikan yuwana, sedangkan FRI, KAW, dan LOT sebagian besar tertangkap pada ukuran dewasa masing sebanyak 73%, 70%, dan 55%. Tuna neritik termasuk spesies peruaya jauh, maka pengelolaannya di WPPNRI 573 harus mengacu pada acuan pengelolaan Indian Ocean Tuna Commission (IOTC). Mengacu hasil Work Party Neritic Tuna (WPNT) IOTC tahun 2016 dan 2018, maka pengelolaan perikanan tuna neritik di WPPNRI 573 berbasis di PPN Prigi adalah sebagai berikut: (1) hingga 2025 jumlah hasil tangkapan BLT dan FRI harus dikendalikan masing-masing pada jumlah 9.818 ton dan 48 ton per tahun; (2) hingga 2023 tangkapan KAW ditetapkan pada jumlah ± 98 ton per tahun (80% jumlah tangkapan tahun 2013); dan (3) hingga tahun 2025 jumlah tangkapan LOT disarankan sama dengan tangkapan 2015 yaitu ± 1.13 ton per tahun. To describe the utilization and management initiation of tuna neritic fisheries in the Indonesian FMA-RI 573, a research has been conducted by taking the case at the Prigi Fishing Port, East Java. Data were obtained through the port sampling program in 2013-2017. Results show that the production of neritic tuna, namely bullet tuna (BLT), frigate tuna (FRI), kawa-kawa (KAW), and longtail tuna (LOT) was 8,120 tons per year on average. 99.56% of the amount were produced by purse seine (PS) fisheries, the rest came from drifting gill nets (dGN), danish-seine (DS), and the combination of trolling line and surface-deep hand line (TR-sHL and dHL) fisheries. The nominal CPUE of PS over the past 5 years has continued to decline, averaging 0.891 tons/day. The composition of PS catches includes BLT (91.52%), FRI (6.68%), KAW (1.78%) and LOT (0.01%). Large numbers (99%) of the BLT caught by PS were juvenile fish, while at the same time FRI, KAW, and LOT were mostly caught at the adult stage. Neritic tuna is a highly migratory species, so its management in the Indonesian FMARI 573 must refer to the Indian Ocean Tuna Commission-IOTC recommendations. Referring to the results of WPNT-IOTC in 2016 and 2018, the management of neritic tuna fisheries in the Indonesian FMA-RI 573 based at Prigi Fishing Port is as follows: (1) up to 2025, the catches of BLT and FRI must be controlled at 9,818 and 48 tons per year, respectively; (2) up to 2023, the catches of KAW are set at ± 98 tons per year (80% of the total catch in 2013); and (3) up to 2025, the catch of LOT is recommended the same as in 2015, which is ± 1.13 tons per year.

SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CHORISTONEURA ROSACEANA (HARRIS) (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) TO THE MICROSPORIDIUM NOSEMA FUMIFERANAE (THOMSON) (MICROSPORIDA: NOSEMATIDAE)

1991 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Cossentine ◽  
M. Gardiner
Keyword(s):  
Adult Stage ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Choristoneura Rosaceana ◽  
Obliquebanded Leafroller ◽  
Large Numbers

AbstractPathogenicity of the microsporidium Nosema fumiferanae (Thomson) in the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris), was evaluated in laboratory bio-assays. When consumed by first-, fourth-, or fifth-instar obliquebanded leafroller larvae, Nosema spores primarily infected the gut and Malpighian tubules. When 2000 spores per square millimetre diet surface were consumed by neonate, fourth-, or fifth-instar larvae, the N. fumiferanae caused 91, 24, and 5% mortality, respectively. Infection by N. fumiferanae had a delayed impact on the older larvae. Large numbers of spores were retained to the adult stage by obliquebanded leafrollers treated as fourth- or fifth-instar larvae.

Plutella maculipennis, Curt., its natural and biological Control in England

1938 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eliot Hardy
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
High Humidity ◽  
Natural Control ◽  
Moth Population ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Eventual Control

1. Plutella maculipennis, Curt., a widespread Lepidopterous pest of Brassica was introduced into New Zealand about sixty years ago. In most countries a high degree of natural control is maintained, but in New Zealand the moth population is permanently maintained at a high level. Investigation showed that in New Zealand there were no natural enemies of importance, while in other areas these are constantly associated with Plutella.2. The distribution of the moth throughout the world is exceedingly wide, but in England it only occasionally reaches pest proportions.3. Preliminary work indicated that two Campoplegines, Angitia cerophaga and A. fenestralis, constantly parasitized large numbers of the Plutella larvae. Initial efforts were devoted to collecting and breeding a large supply of these in England for introduction into New Zealand as controlling agents.4. From several thousand specimens of Plutella, fourteen species of parasites were recovered, of which eight were hyperparasites. The only parasites which were numerically important were the two parasites, Angitia cerophaga and A. fenestralis. Their efficiency is not impaired to any appreciable extent by hyperparasites. A key showing the diagnostic differences of the parasites and hyperparasites of Plutella is given.5. These two species of Angitia are commonly recorded as parasites of Plutella throughout the world, although under different names. A large quantity was bred in the laboratory and despatched to New Zealand after overcoming certain difficulties connected with transport. It appears that both species of parasite must overwinter in other hosts than Plutella.6. Certain experiments were performed in an endeavour to assess some of the effects of climate. The upper limiting temperature of Plutella is approximately 40°C. and the lower limit for breeding purposes about 10°C. All stages of the moth can survive short periods of cold greater than 10°C., but it is believed that hibernation is normally accomplished in the adult stage. As the immature stages of the moth live in a specialised microclimate of high humidity, changes in the moisture content of the general atmosphere have little effect. Rain, if appearing at certain critical times in the life-cycle, may be a controlling agent.7. The most favourable areas for multiplication of the moth appear to be in the sub-tropics and warmer temperate zones. It is suggested that Plutella originated in the Mediteranean region.8. Even in the cooler temperate countries the climate would allow an indefinite increase in the moth. It is believed that an effective check on this multiplication is supplied by parasites.9. As the climate of England and New Zealand are essentially similar there is reason to suppose that the introduction of parasites from the former country will lead to eventual control being obtained in New Zealand.

scholarly journals THE GENETIC ANALYSIS OF A UNIQUELY DOSE-SENSITIVE CHROMOSOMAL REGION OF DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER

Genetics ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-210
Author(s):  
R E Denell
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Normal Development ◽  
Chromosomal Region ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Chromosome Region ◽  
Extensive Analysis ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Segmental Aneuploidy ◽  
Per Se ◽  
Linkage Relationships

ABSTRACT In their extensive analysis of the effects of segmental aneuploidy on development to the adult stage, Lindsley and Sandler et al. (1972) identified salivary chromosome region 83D-E as apparently uniquely dose-sensitive. Neither the hypoploid nor hyperploid classes appeared to survive to the adult stage, although segmental hyperploidy of all other regions of the genome is compatible with normal or quasi-normal development. In the present investigation, this genetic behavior is shown to be a concomitant of region 83D-E itself, and independent of the particular Y-autosome translocations utilized to generate aneuploid classes. Newly induced chromosomal duplications including 83D-E are recovered by their ability to complement the corresponding deficiency; these aberrations indicate that the phenomenon depends on genetic dosage per se and is independent of linkage relationships. Further tests involving the generation of large numbers of aneuploid zygotes support the conclusion that these individuals very rarely and possibly never survive to the adult stage. Finally, crosses yielding hypertriploid females and intersexes indicate that these aneuploids often survive and, in the former case, are fertile. No viable hypotriploid female or intersex was recovered.

TWO MEALYBUGS (HOMOPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) NEW TO BRITISH COLUMBIA

1978 ◽  
Vol 110 (8) ◽  
pp. 895-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. McMullen
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Pseudococcus Comstocki ◽  
Comstock Mealybug ◽  
Research Institute ◽  
Cherry Trees

In February 1976, first instar nymphs of a mealybug were found overwintering in bark crevices of cherry trees at Penticton, B.C. As these were much smaller than and distinctive from overwintering second and third instar nymphs of the apple mealybug, Phenacoccus aceris Signoret, which were present in large numbers, they were collected and reared to the adult stage on small cherry trees in a greenhouse. Mature fernales were identified by Dr. W. R. Richards, Biosystematics Research Institute, Ottawa as the Comstock mealybug, Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana).

Effect of temperature on the development, oviposition, and mortality of Tribolium audax Halstead and Tribolium madens (Charpentier) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1189-1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. B. Smith ◽  
P. S. Barker
Keyword(s):  
Development Time ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Oviposition Period ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Complete Development ◽  
Development Times ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Pupal Mortality ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

The effect of temperature on development time, oviposition, and mortality of the sibling species Tribolium audax Halstead and Tribolium madens (Charpentier) was investigated in the laboratory. The mean development times of T. madens, not including slow-developing larvae, ranged from 54 days at 25 °C and 75% RH to 24 days at 35 °C and 75% RH. The corresponding mean development times for T. audax were 50.5–27.4 days. At 25 °C and below, the larvae of each species separated into two groups, one continuing to the adult stage and the other entering a resting stage. The resting stage could not be broken by a period of 2 weeks at −5 °C. The slow-developing larvae required 4 to 5 times as long to complete their development as those that developed rapidly. Slow-developing larvae of T. madens that had been at 17.5 °C and 75% RH for 658 days, and of T. audax that had been in the same conditions for 908 days, could complete development when placed at 27.5 °C and 75% RH. Peak oviposition for T. madens occurred at 17 weeks after adult emergence at both 27.5 and 30 °C; the total oviposition period was 47 weeks at 30 °C and 60 weeks at 27.5 °C. Peak oviposition for T. audax occurred at 6 weeks at both 27.5 and 30 °C; the total oviposition period was 36 weeks at 30 °C and 59 weeks at 27.5 °C. Larval and pupal mortality was low at 25 °C or above in T. madens and T. audax. Below 25 °C the survival rate of T. madens was somewhat higher than that for T. audax.

The adult and Diplostomulum stage (Diplostomulum phoxini (Faust)) of Diplostomum pelmatoides Dubois and an experimental demonstration of part of the life cycle

Parasitology ◽  
1955 ◽  
Vol 45 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 295-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwendolen Rees
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Adult Worm ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Excretory System ◽  
Domestic Duck ◽  
Experimental Demonstration ◽  
Phoxinus Phoxinus ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The Brain

1. Large numbers of minnows (Phoxinus phoxinus (L.)) from Fron Goch Pool, near Aberystwyth, have been found to be heavily infested with Diplostomulum pelmatoides Dubois ( = D. phoxini (Faust)), the parasites occurring in very large numbers in the brain, spinal cord and eyes.2. The excretory system of the worm has been worked out in detail. There are fifty-two pairs of flame cells.3. Infested heads, brains and eyes have been fed to the domestic duck and the adult stage of the worm Diplostomum pelmatoides Dubois obtained.4. Some morphological details of the adult worm are described.5. The natural bird host of the parasite in this country is not yet known, nor the stages in the molluscan host.

The surface of the egg of a parasitic insect. II. The ultrastructure of the particulate coat on the egg of Nemeritis

1973 ◽  
Vol 183 (1071) ◽  
pp. 195-204 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Outer Layer ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Preceding Paper ◽  
Luminal Surface ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Enzyme Digest ◽  
Unique Nature

The particulate secretion from the calyx cells of Nemeritis , which is thought to confer protection on the parasitoid, has been examined in detail ultrastructurally, using sectioned and negatively-stained material and enzyme-digest techniques. These membrane-bounded particles are produced in large numbers within the nuclei of the calyx cells and are found in vast numbers in the lumen of the calyx. Only a few have been seen in the cytoplasm of the cells, and it may be inferred that they pass quickly through the cells. They appear in the microvilli of the luminal surface, and are released when the tips of microvilli enclosing particles become pinched off. As shown in the preceding paper, they become attached to the outer layer of the chorion of eggs passing through the calyx. The first signs of particles appear to be the presence of empty membranes found in the nuclei of 17-day-old individuals, and their development has been traced through to the adult stage of the parasitoid. The unique nature of the particulate secretion is discussed.

Molecular characterization of antigens of lymphatic filarial parasites

Parasitology ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 92 (S1) ◽  
pp. S15-S38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Selkirk ◽  
D. A. Denham ◽  
F. Partono ◽  
I. Sutanto ◽  
R. M. Maizels
Keyword(s):  
Adult Stage ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Wuchereria Bancrofti ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Mosquito Vector ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Causative Agents

Three species of filarial worms,Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayiandBrugia timori, are the causative agents of lymphatic filariasis in man, defined by the characteristic tropism of adult worms of each species for the afferent lymphatics. Reproductive activity leads to the release of large numbers of microfilariae, which circulate in the vascular system, and upon ingestion by an appropriate mosquito vector, develop through to infective third-stage larvae (L3) within 10–14 days. After a subsequent bloodmeal, the infective larvae enter the definitive host via the wound and mature to the adult stage over several months, involving two moults, during which the entire nematode exoskeleton (cuticle) is replaced.

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