A procedure for short-term bioassay tests on industrial effluents of low oxygen content

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (7) ◽  
pp. 794-795
Author(s):  
G. Ozburn ◽  
J. Kraft ◽  
L. Somppi
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen

Oxygenation of industrial effluents with a low dissolved oxygen content has been achieved by a method which greatly reduces the possibility of stripping volatile toxins within the effluent. The decrease in toxicity that occurs if a sample is aerated with a bubbler before testing can be shown clearly with this procedure.

A hybrid model for short-term dissolved oxygen content prediction

2021 ◽  
Vol 186 ◽  
pp. 106216
Author(s):  
Jiande Huang ◽  
Shuangyin Liu ◽  
Shahbaz Gul Hassan ◽  
Longqin Xu ◽  
Cifeng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Hybrid Model ◽  
Short Term

Some Effects of Temporary Exposure to Low Dissolved Oxygen Levels on Pacific Salmon Eggs

1958 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. F. Alderdice ◽  
W. P. Wickett ◽  
J. R. Brett
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Oxygen Availability ◽  
Oncorhynchus Keta ◽  
Hatching Rate ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Levels

Eggs of the chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) were exposed to various constant levels of dissolved oxygen for a period of seven days. The procedure was repeated with fresh egg samples at various developmental stages. Temperatures were constant at 10 °C. from fertilization to hatching. Estimates of oxygen consumption uninhibited by low dissolved oxygen levels were obtained at various stages of egg development for whole eggs and also on the basis of the weight of larvae, excluding the yolk. Eggs were most sensitive to hypoxia between 100–200 Centigrade degree-days and compensated for reduced oxygen availability by reducing the oxygen demand and rate of development. Very low oxygen levels at early incubation stages resulted in the production of monstrosities. At about the time the circulatory system becomes functional the compensatory reduction in rate of growth under hypoxial conditions is reduced, but eggs no longer survive extreme hypoxial conditions. Eggs subjected to low dissolved oxygen levels just prior to hatching hatch prematurely at a rate dependent on the degree of hypoxia. The maximum premature hatching rate corresponded approximately with the median lethal oxygen level. Estimated median lethal levels rose slowly from fertilization to hatching. Oxygen consumption per egg rose from fertilization to hatching while the consumption per gram of larval tissue declined from a high to a low level at about the time of blastopore closure. Subsequently, a slight rise in the rate occurred up to a level which was more or less constant to hatching. "Critical" dissolved oxygen levels were calculated and they appear to define the oxygen level above which respiratory rate is unmodified by oxygen availability. Critical levels ranged from about 1 p.p.m. in early stages to over 7 p.p.m. shortly before hatching.

Design of Water Dissolved Oxygen Test System

2011 ◽  
Vol 467-469 ◽  
pp. 1189-1192
Author(s):  
Ju Xiang Wang ◽  
Xiao Wang ◽  
Xin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Oxygen Sensor ◽  
Sequential Sampling ◽  
Test System ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Determination

The amount of the dissolved oxygen in the water is an important index for the fishery breeding. This design is intended to avoid the negligence in fishery breeding because farmers failed to increase the oxygen to the pond, which led to the death of fish, also discussed the influence of algae water pollution, temperature and water depth on the determination. The design using acidic gel electrolyte original battery coated in oxygen sensors as oxygen sensor，AT89S52 SCM system as the oxygen determination and control system, SCM control relay to control the opened and closed of aerator. To improve the accuracy of oxygen collection, this design uses three oxygen sensor at different positions turns sequential sampling in the pond, by the A/D converter into SCM and corresponding control signal. If the average value of oxygen content in the pool below the lowest oxygen resistance of fish aerator would be opened, to ensure the lowest oxygen content so that fish will avoid death. Avoid the economic losses caused by the fish death as farmers fail to open aerator timely, that because of the low oxygen content cause by the sudden changes of light, temperature, pressure and so on. At the same time the design will always show the oxygen content at all times, so that oxygen contents can be adjusted according to the numerical value in the pond, to achieve optimal oxygen content and improve the standard of fish feed conversion rate and growth rate.

scholarly journals NTPDase and acetylcholinesterase activities in silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) (Heptapteridae) exposed to interaction of oxygen and ammonia levels

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosilene Rodrigues Kaizer ◽  
Vania Lúcia Loro ◽  
Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger ◽  
Vera Maria Morsch ◽  
Luciane Almeri Tabaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Toxicity ◽  
Nucleoside Triphosphate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

The effects of various levels of oxygen saturation and ammonia concentration on NTPDase (ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase, E.C. 3.6.1.5) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE, E.C. 3.1.1.7) activities in whole brain of teleost fish (Rhamdia quelen) were investigated. The fish were exposed to one of two different dissolved oxygen levels, including high oxygen (6.5 mg.L-1) or low oxygen (3.5 mg.L-1), and one of two different ammonia levels, including high ammonia (0.1 mg.L-1) or low ammonia (0.03 mg.L-1) levels. The four experimental groups included the following (A) control, or high dissolved oxygen plus low NH3; (B) low dissolved oxygen plus low NH3; (C) high dissolved oxygen plus high NH3; (D) low dissolved oxygen plus high NH3. We found that enzyme activities were altered after 24 h exposure in groups C and D. ATP and ADP hydrolysis in whole brain of fish was enhanced in group D after 24 h exposure by 100% and 119%, respectively, compared to the control group. After 24 h exposure, AChE activity presented an increase of 34% and 39% in groups C and D, respectively, when compared to the control group. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that low oxygen levels increase ammonia toxicity. Moreover, the hypoxic events may increase blood flow by hypoxia increasing NTPDase activity, thus producing adenosine, a potent vasodilator.

Oxygen and the Trade-off between Egg Ventilation and Brood Protection in the Common Goby

Behaviour ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 136 (7) ◽  
pp. 819-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie Jones ◽  
John Reynolds
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Direct Care ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Egg Survival ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Shore Crabs ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Goby

Abstract1. We examined compromises between defence of nests against predation and ventilation of eggs in the common goby (Pomatoschistus microps). Females are known to prefer nests with small entrances, which are less vulnerable to predatory shore crabs, Carcinus maenus. However, small nest entrances may hamper egg ventilation by males. This may be especially detrimental under conditions of low dissolved oxygen. 2. Males did not make smaller entrances to their nests when in the presence of predatory crabs, but they had larger entrances under low oxygen than in normal oxygen levels. 3. Males diverted time from ventilating nests to attacking crabs. 4. Thus, males exchanged direct care of the eggs for protection against predators by reducing their fanning activity, but not according to needs of their eggs for oxygenation. This trade-off may therefore impose a greater cost to egg survival for males in low oxygen.

Tolerance to low dissolved oxygen by the tubicolous polychaete Loimia medusa

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto J. Llanso ◽  
Robert J. Diaz
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Severe Hypoxia ◽  
Sediment Surface ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Tolerance and behaviour to hypoxia and anoxia by the annelid Loimia medusa (Savigny) (Polychaeta: Terebellidae), a common species in estuarine habitats where summer hypoxic events often occur, were examined in the laboratory. The worm can tolerate anoxia or severe hypoxia (7% air saturation at 26°C) for 3 to 5 d. Under low dissolved oxygen (<14% air saturation) feeding stops, although tube irrigation continues and periodic protrusions from the tube are common. Most worms come out to the sediment surface, but the number of worms dead on the surface is higher in anoxia than in hypoxia. The prevalence of L. medusa in deep estuarine channels may be partially explained by its tolerance to prolonged periods of hypoxia (14 d at 14% air saturation). Our data, however, suggest that subtle changes in oxygen concentrations may be important in the control of populations of L. medusa in habitats affected by low oxygen disturbances.

The Oxygen Supply to Salmon Eggs in Spawning Beds

1954 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 933-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Percy Wickett
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Subsurface Water ◽  
Flow Section ◽  
Apparent Velocity ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Salmon Eggs ◽  
Controlled Flow

By using standpipes set 12 inches into the stream bottom the oxygen content and apparent velocity of the gravel water in the controlled-flow section of Nile Creek were observed. Values of dissolved oxygen content and velocity that just supply the full oxygen demand of salmon eggs were defined. The high mortalities of chum salmon eggs in the pre-eyed stage, that have been found in certain areas, may be explained on the basis that oxygen demands of 0.00013 to 0.0003 mg./egg/hr. at temperatures of 0.1° to 8.2 °C. were not being met, owing to very low oxygen content or very low apparent velocity of the water in the gravel. Values as low as 0.2 p.p.m. and 2 mm./hr. were recorded. A portable gravel-water sampler is described, which can be used (1) to obtain samples of subsurface water for the determination of dissolved oxygen; and (2) to calculate apparent velocity of gravel water from rate of dilution of an added dye.

scholarly journals Age-dependent survival and selected gene expression in Daphnia magna after short-term exposure to low dissolved oxygen

2014 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Lyu ◽  
Qianqian Wang ◽  
Ziheng Li ◽  
Rui Chen ◽  
Chen Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Age Dependent

New Design Flexible Link Aerator to Generate Dissolved Oxygen in Water

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 857-862
Author(s):  
Badrul Aisham Md Zain ◽  
Mohamad Harith Kamarrudin ◽  
Zamri Omar ◽  
Md. Saidin Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Aquatic Species ◽  
Flexible Link ◽  
Treatment Methods ◽  
Flexible Links ◽  
Low Dissolved Oxygen

This paper presents the findings of new design of flexible link plate as an aerator to generate dissolved oxygen. An aerator is one of water treatment methods. Using aerator as water treatment can improve dissolved oxygen rate in water. Low dissolved oxygen content can be fatal to certain aquatic species. The application of flexible links manipulators is worldwide trending in technologies nowadays. Thus, application of flexible link as an aerator has been study to improve the dissolved oxygen content in water and reduced cost of manufacturing for an aerator machine. Results from this study shows that the flexible link with proper shape and design is able to generate more dissolved oxygen rate which is good to increase the production rate in aquaculture sector. The new value of the calculated SAE is 2.7 kgO2/kWhr

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document