Dracunculus lutrae n. sp. (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea) from the otter, Lutra canadensis, in Ontario, Canada

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Frederick Joseph Crichton ◽  
Mary Beverley-Burton
Keyword(s):  
Procyon Lotor ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Mustela Vison ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Ondatra Zibethicus ◽  
Mustela Erminea ◽  
Guinea Worm ◽  
Taxidea Taxus ◽  
Lutra Canadensis

Over the interval 1969–1971, carcasses of 1147 mammals taken in Ontario, Canada, were examined for guinea worm. Dracunculus lutrae n. sp., was recovered from otter Lutra canadensis (Schreber). Dracunculus insignis (Leidy 1858) Chandler 1942, was found in raccoon Procyon lotor (L.), mink (Mustela vison Schreber), and fisher (Martes pennanti (Erxleben)). Female worms identified, in the absence of males, as Dracunculus sp. were found in muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus (L.), opossum (Didelphis marsupialis L.), and short-tailed weasel (Mustela erminea L.) from Ontario and a single badger (Taxidea taxus (Schreber)) from Manitoba.Dracunculus lutrae n, sp. is distinguished from other species of Dracunculus which parasitize mammals (namely D. medinensis (Linnaeus 1758), D. insignis, and D. fuelleborni Travassos 1934), by the greater length of males, greater length of spicules and gubernaculum, presence of three pairs of preanal papillae, and the arrangement in two transverse rows of papillae immediately posterior to the anus. A brief redescription of D. insignis from raccoon and mink is given. The taxonomic status of the species of Dracunculus parasitizing mammals is briefly discussed.

Distribution and prevalence of Dracunculus spp. (Nematoda: Dracunculoidea) in mammals in Ontario

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Frederick Joseph Crichton ◽  
Mary Beverley-Burton
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Procyon Lotor ◽  
Reservoir Host ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Ondatra Zibethicus ◽  
Northern Ontario ◽  
Mustela Erminea ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Lutra Canadensis ◽  
Common Parasite

Within Ontario Dracunculus insignis (Leidy 1858) Chandler 1942, a common parasite of raccoon, Procyon lotor (L) (prevalence > 50%), and mink, Mustela vison Schreber (prevalence > 50%), is apparently confined to the southern part of the province. In this area D. insignis was also found in fisher, Martes pennanti (Erxleben); and Dracunculus sp. was found in short-tailed weasel, Mustela erminea (L), muskrat, Ondatra zibethicus (L), and opossum, Didelphis marsupialis (L). The distribution of D. insignis coincides with that of raccoon in Ontario, and it is suggested that raccoon may be a reservoir host for this species and that mink became incorporated into its life cycle secondarily. Dracunculus lutrae Chrichton and Beverley-Burton 1973 of the otter, Lutra canadensis (Schreber), was found across the entire province and, in most areas, the prevalence exceeded 75%. During the trapping season (October–April) larvigerous females were found in 20 (44.4%) of 45 otter infected with D. lutrae in southern Ontario, but were absent from the limbs of 132 infected otter from northern Ontario.

FURTHER STUDIES ON THE TAXONOMY OF METASTRONGYLES (NEMATODA: METASTRONGYLOIDEA) OF MUSTELIDAE IN ONTARIO

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 801-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Stage Larva ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Caudal Extremity ◽  
Lutra Canadensis

Trilobostrongylus bioccai n.gen., n.sp. from cysts on the lungs of Martes pennanti pennanti (Erxleben) from Algonquin Park is distinct from other members of the Angiostrongylinae primarily on the basis of its large, trilobed bursa. In addition, the dorsal ray is long and well developed, the spicules are long and slender, the externolateral rays are large, the caudal extremity of the female is pointed, and the species is ovoviviparous. Larvae developed in Discus cronkhitei (Newcomb), Zonitoides arboreus (Say), Deroceras gracile (Rafinesque), and Physa integra Haldeman. Filaroides canadensis n.sp. from small nodules in the lungs of Lutra canadensis canadensis (Schreber) from Algonquin Park is distinguished from F. martis by its much shorter spicules, its weakly developed gubernaculum, and its longer and more slender first-stage larva which failed to develop in Physa integra. Perostrongylus Schlegel 1934 is reinstated and redefined to include ovoviviparous species, namely P. falciformis (Schlegel, 1933) Schlegel, 1934, and P. pridhami (Anderson, 1962) n.comb., which were formerly assigned to Aelurostrongylus.

The genus Crenosoma (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) in New World mammals

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 1555-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin E. Craig ◽  
Roy C. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
Valid Species ◽  
Martes Pennanti ◽  
Taxidea Taxus ◽  
First Time

Study of types and other specimens of Crenosoma from the lungs of carnivores indicates that there are only six known valid species in the New World, namely: C. vulpis (Dujardin 1844) Railliet 1915; C. potos Buckley 1930; C. petrowi Morozov 1939 (= ? C. schulzi Gagarin 1958); C. mephitidis Hobmaier 1941 (= C. microbursa Wallace 1941, C. zederi Goble 1942, C. canadensis Webster 1964); C. goblei Dougherty 1945; C. hermani Anderson 1962. C. petrowi is reported for the first time in the New World, in the fisher Martes pennanti Erxleben and the badger Taxidea taxus (Schreber). Sobolevingylus coloradoensis (Olsen 1952) n. comb. (= Crenosoma coloradoensis) is proposed. An illustrated key is provided for the separation of the various species.

scholarly journals Utilisation des Corbicules (Corbicula sp. Müller, 1774) comme biomarqueurs d’éléments toxiques dans les réseaux trophiques aquatiques en France

Naturae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles LEMARCHAND ◽  
René ROSOUX ◽  
Philippe BERNY
Keyword(s):  
Procyon Lotor ◽  
Corbicula Fluminea ◽  
Ondatra Zibethicus ◽  
Silurus Glanis

Les Corbicules, et notamment la Corbicule asiatique (Corbicula fluminea (O. F. Müller, 1774)) ont, ces dernières années, très rapidement colonisé plusieurs grands bassins hydrographiques en France (Loire, Garonne, Rhône) et en Europe, comme dans d’autres foyers d’introduction. Leur développement exponentiel et leurs capacités de filtration ne sont pas sans conséquence sur la charge particulaire de ces milieux, et peuvent au moins localement entraîner des phénomènes de concurrence ou de compétition vis-à-vis des autres Mollusques filtreurs autochtones. Au-delà de leur effet d’organismes filtreurs, ces espèces ont par ailleurs été intégrées aux réseaux trophiques, devenant la proie d’espèces aussi diverses que certains poissons (Silure glane, Silurus glanis (Linnaeus, 1758)), Oiseaux (Limicoles notamment), Mammifères (Rat musqué Ondatra zibethicus (Linnaeus, 1766), Raton laveur Procyon lotor (Linnaeus, 1758)) ou encore Crustacés (écrevisses). Elles sont consommées vivantes ou exploitées à l’état de cadavres lors d’épisodes de mortalité massive. Ces dernières années, les Corbicules ont été intégrées à plusieurs travaux de recherche et de terrain. Une partie d’entre eux, financés par le volet Recherche/Données/Informations du Plan Loire Grandeur Nature et coordonnés par le Muséum d’Orléans, ont valorisé les Corbicules en tant que biomarqueurs de la contamination de la faune aquatique par des composés toxiques (pesticides, métaux, anticoagulants, radioéléments) captés par filtration et transmis, par les prédations successives, à l’ensemble des espèces présentes.

Metazoan parasites and food of short-tailed weasels and mink in Newfoundland, Canada

1982 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Jennings ◽  
William Threlfall ◽  
Donald G. Dodds
Keyword(s):  
Marked Change ◽  
Mustela Vison ◽  
Gut Contents ◽  
New Host ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Mustela Erminea ◽  
Food Items ◽  
Percentage Occurrence ◽  
Sorex Cinereus ◽  
New Host Records

Forty short-tailed weasels (Mustela erminea Linnaeus, 1758) and 48 mink (Mustela vison Schreber, 1777) were collected, between January 1978 and February 1979, in three areas of insular Newfoundland and examined for metazoan parasites. Eight genera of parasites were recovered. Two findings constitute new host records. Forty (100%) of the M. erminea and 17 (35%) of the M. vison were infected. The effect of one species, Skrjabingylus nasicola (Leuckart, 1842), on the skull of the weasels was examined, and comments are made on its increase in prevalence with the introduction to insular Newfoundland of the masked shrew (Sorex cinereus Kerr, 1792) in 1958.Gut contents of both M. erminea and M. vison were identified and the percentage occurrence of different food items was calculated. In the case of the former species a marked change in diet, from lagomorphs and passerines to insectivores, was noted when the present (1978–1979) sample was compared with a 1956–1958 sample.

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