The accumulation of radioactive cesium, phosphorus, strontium, and yttrium by mosquito larvae and its relevance to radiation dose

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 767-770
Author(s):  
A. G. Scott ◽  
J. E. Guthrie
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Radioactive Cesium ◽  
Mosquito Larvae ◽  
Radionuclide Concentration ◽  
Internal Radiation ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Apparent Concentration ◽  
The Individual

Aedes aegypti (L.) larvae were reared in solutions of 137Cs, 32P, and 90Sr + 90Y and the apparent concentration ratios of the individual radionuclides which were accumulated are reported. A consideration of the significance of accumulation to the internal radiation dose delivered to the larvae reveals that larvae reared in identical concentrations of a radionuclide did not receive the same dose, nor were they exposed to the greatest dose-rate at the same stage of development. The probable dose to larvae reared in radioactive solutions cannot be calculated solely from a knowledge of the radionuclide concentration in the rearing medium.

scholarly journals COMPREHENSIVE RADIATION AND HYGIENIC MONITORING IN POPULATION OF THE RIVNE OBLAST RADIOLOGICALLY CONTAMINATED TERRITORIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 124-140
Author(s):  
V. Vasylenko ◽  
◽  
M. Kuriata ◽  
V. Morozov ◽  
L. Lytvynets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Radioactive Cesium ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Internal Radiation ◽  
Time Pattern ◽  
90Sr Content ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Effective Radiation

Objective. The key factors identification in radiation dose formation in population of radiologically contaminated areas of Rivne oblast in the current period of accident through comprehensive radiation and hygienic monitoring in reference settlements in 2020 and estimation of their impact on dose formation were the study objectives. Materials and methods. Comprehensive radiation and hygienic monitoring of settlements in Rivne oblast (province) was provided in Stare Selo, Vezhytsia, Perekhodychi, and Drozdyn villages of Rokytne district, where the highest radiation doses were registered after the ChNPP accident. Studies were conducted in September 2020. Measurements (n=696, 318 adults, and 378 children) were performed using the whole body counters (WBC) to determine the internal radiation doses. The 48 samples of milk, 45 samples of potatoes and vegetables, and 35 samples of wild products were collected in local farms and measured for the 137Cs and 90Sr content. Residents of the studied settlements (n=229, 140 adults, and 89 children) were interviewed about the levels of consumption of staple foodstuffs. External radiation doses were evaluated in all the studied settlements. Mathematical, dosimetric, and radiochemical methods were applied. Results and conclusions. Annual effective radiation doses of the Rivne oblast population in 2020 were formed mainly due to internal radiation ones that not exceeded 1.24 mSv · year-1 in adults and 0.65 mSv · year-1 in children against the RCT criterion of 1 mSv · year-1. Further 1.2–1.9-fold decrease in the annual internal radiation doses vs. the results of WBC-monitoring in autumn of 2017 was registered in the surveyed settlements. The latter confirmed a time pattern of radiation levels gradual reduction at the current stage of Chornobyl accident since 2011. Intake of 137Cs with milk and wild mushrooms, which traditionally occupy a significant part of diet in the Rivne Polissya area and have consistently high levels of radioactive cesium contamination, remains a key factor of internal radiation dose forming in residents of the surveyed settlements of Rivne oblast. The Scientific Council meeting of NAMS approved the NRCRM Annual Report. Key words: radiologically contaminated territories, comprehensive radiation and hygienic monitoring, internal radiation dose, whole body counter, 137Cs and 90Sr content, food.

scholarly journals Radiation Awareness for Endovascular Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair in the Hybrid Operating Room: An Instant Operator Risk Chart for Daily Practice

2021 ◽  
pp. 152660282110074
Author(s):  
Quirina M. B. de Ruiter ◽  
Frans L. Moll ◽  
Constantijn E. V. B. Hazenberg ◽  
Joost A. van Herwaarden
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Radiation Risk ◽  
Dose Limit ◽  
Access Site ◽  
Femoral Access ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Rate Prediction ◽  
Operator Dose

Introduction: While the operator radiation dose rates are correlated to patient radiation dose rates, discrepancies may exist in the effect size of each individual radiation dose predictors. An operator dose rate prediction model was developed, compared with the patient dose rate prediction model, and converted to an instant operator risk chart. Materials and Methods: The radiation dose rates (DRoperator for the operator and DRpatient for the patient) from 12,865 abdomen X-ray acquisitions were selected from 50 unique patients undergoing standard or complex endovascular aortic repair (EVAR) in the hybrid operating room with a fixed C-arm. The radiation dose rates were analyzed using a log-linear multivariable mixed model (with the patient as the random effect) and incorporated varying (patient and C-arm) radiation dose predictors combined with the vascular access site. The operator dose rate models were used to predict the expected radiation exposure duration until an operator may be at risk to reach the 20 mSv year dose limit. The dose rate prediction models were translated into an instant operator radiation risk chart. Results: In the multivariate patient and operator fluoroscopy dose rate models, lower DRoperator than DRpatient effect size was found for radiation protocol (2.06 for patient vs 1.4 for operator changing from low to medium protocol) and C-arm angulation. Comparable effect sizes for both DRoperator and DRpatient were found for body mass index (1.25 for patient and 1.27 for the operator) and irradiated field. A higher effect size for the DRoperator than DRpatient was found for C-arm rotation (1.24 for the patient vs 1.69 for the operator) and exchanging from femoral access site to brachial access (1.05 for patient vs 2.5 for the operator). Operators may reach their yearly 20 mSv year dose limit after 941 minutes from the femoral access vs 358 minutes of digital subtraction angiography radiation from the brachial access. Conclusion: The operator dose rates were correlated to patient dose rate; however, C-arm angulation and changing from femoral to brachial vascular access site may disproportionally increase the operator radiation risk compared with the patient radiation risk. An instant risk chart may improve operator dose awareness during EVAR.

Case Study of Certification of Small Quantities of RAM: Comparison With SGQ Concept

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn Abramczyk ◽  
James Shuler ◽  
Steven J. Nathan ◽  
Allen C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Large Dose ◽  
Hazardous Materials ◽  
Photon Radiation ◽  
Radiation Hazard ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Radioactive Materials ◽  
Regulatory Limits

The Small Gram Quantity (SGQ) concept is based on the understanding that small amounts of hazardous materials, in this case radioactive materials, are significantly less hazardous than large amounts of the same materials. The essential functional requirements for RAM packaging are containment of the material, ensuring sub-criticality, and ensuring that the radiation hazard of the package, as represented by the radiation dose for the package, is within the regulatory limits. Knowledge of the composition of the material being shipped is also required. By placing the contents in a containment vessel which is helium leaktight, and limiting the mass so that subcriticality is ensured, the first two requirements are readily met. Some materials emit sufficiently strong photon radiation that a small amount of material can yield a large dose rate. Foreknowledge of the dose rate which will be present for a proposed content is a challenging issue for the SGQ approach. Issues associated with certification for several cases of contents which fall within the SGQ envelop are discussed.

scholarly journals Terrestrial Gamma Radiation Dose Rate of West Sarawak

2017 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 00006
Author(s):  
A. Izham ◽  
A.T. Ramli ◽  
W.M. Saridan Wan Hassan ◽  
H.N. Idris ◽  
N.A. Basri
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate ◽  
Gamma Radiation Dose

Influence of 6 MV and 20 MV X-radiation dose rate on in vitro survive of the K-562 cell line

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz GRUDA ◽  
Grażyna KOSICKA ◽  
Ewelina KONSTANTY ◽  
Dariusz KOWALCZYK
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Radiation Dose Rate

scholarly journals Estimation of Internal Radiation Dose in Human Based on Animal Data―Application of Methodology in Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics―

RADIOISOTOPES ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 673-679
Author(s):  
Tomonori SUGIMOTO ◽  
Yumiko IWASE ◽  
Nagahiko YUMITA ◽  
Koji CHIBA ◽  
Hiroshi YAMAZAKI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Drug Metabolism ◽  
Internal Radiation ◽  
Data Application ◽  
Animal Data
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