Transferrin polymorphism among populations of the arctic ground squirrel, Spermophilus undulatus (Pallas)

1969 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1051-1057 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Nadler ◽  
Phillip M. Youngman
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Genetic Expression ◽  
Ground Squirrel Spermophilus Undulatus ◽  
Spermophilus Undulatus ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Transferrin Polymorphism

Starch-gel electrophoresis of sera from Canadian and Alaskan populations of Spermophilus undulatus demonstrates four molecular trausferrins, Tf 5, 6, 7, and 8. Single and double band transferrin patterns reflect homozygous and heterozygous genetic expression respectively.Spermophilus undulatus parryii is characterized by Tf 6 alone or in combination with Tf 7 or Tf 8, S. u. ablusus by Tf 7 alone, and S. u. plesius by Tf 5 alone or in combination with Tf 7.Transferrins offer a means for clarifying the taxonomy of this holarctic species complex, and for investigating the origins and distributions of nearctic populations.

Patterns of evolution and migration in the arctic ground squirrel, Spermophilus parryii (Richardson)

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 748-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles F. Nadler ◽  
Robert S. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Siberian Population ◽  
Spermophilus Parryii ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
And Migration

Serum transferrins and 11 other genetically controlled proteins representing 17 loci were examined by starch-gel electrophoresis from Siberian, Alaskan, and Canadian populations of Spermophilus parryii. Six transferrin alleles were identified. Arctic populations (S. p. parryii, S. p. osgoodi) were characterized by Tf 6 occurring alone or together with Tf 7 whereas middle and subarctic populations exhibited Tf 7 occurring either alone (S. p. ablusus, S. p. lyratus, S. p. plesius) or together with Tf 5 (S. p. plesius). Tf 8, Tf 9, and Tf 19 constituted local variants. Tf 6 displayed a clinal distribution, increasing in frequency eastward and paralleling a clinal increase in body size. Three PGM2 alleles were observed, the frequencies of which tend to differentiate arctic S. p. parryii from subarctic S. p. ablusus. G6PD-b occurred uniformly in North America and in one Siberian population; a second population (two specimens) exhibited G6PD-a, thereby suggesting that G6PD polymorphism may be present in Siberian S. parryii. The other nine proteins were monomorphic in all Holarctic populations.

Spectral mechanisms in the retina of the Arctic ground squirrel

1977 ◽  
Vol 55 (9) ◽  
pp. 1454-1460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald H. Jacobs ◽  
R. B. H. Tootell
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Sensitivity ◽  
Dark Adaptation ◽  
Ground Squirrel ◽  
Chromatic Adaptation ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Ground Squirrel ◽  
Light Levels ◽  
Ground Squirrel Spermophilus Undulatus ◽  
Spermophilus Undulatus ◽  
Peak Location

The electroretinogram (ERG) was used to investigate the spectral mechanisms present in the retina of the Arctic ground squirrel (Spermophilus undulatus). Under conditions of dark adaptation, the spectral sensitivity of this eye is adequately accounted for by the operation of a typical mammalian rhodopsin (500-nm peak) indicating that, like other ground squirrel species, the Arctic ground squirrel eye probably contains a population of functional rods. When the eye was adapted to lights having a luminance of 0.1 cd/m2 or greater, spectral sensitivity shifted to a new peak location of about 520 nm. Experiments involving chromatic adaptation led to the conclusion that there are at least two spectral mechanisms in this retina which are operative at photopic light levels. These results, along with measurements of preretinal absorbance, indicate that the spectral mechanisms in the retina of the Arctic ground squirrel are very similar to those previously described for several other species of ground-dwelling sciurids.

scholarly journals Transferrin Polymorphism versus Growth Rate in Lambs, Polish Long-wool Sheep – I. Frequency of genes and genotypes of transferrin in flock of Polish Long-wool Sheep

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kmieć
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
First Year ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Significant Growth ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Transferrin Polymorphism

Abstract. The subject of this study was to identify the transferring polymorphism and analyse changes in the frequency of alleles and genotypes of the transferring in a flock of Polish long-wool sheep on the grounds of lambs from the four subsequent years. The flock comprised 3419 lambs, either sex, from the four subsequent lambings, (i – 920 off, ii – 849 off, iii – 914 and iv – 736 off accordingly). The separation of transferring variants was done using starch gel electrophoresis. The significant increase in the frequency of BD transferring phenotype was observed, CC and CE phenotypes, however, decreased and the frequency of Tf BD phenotype gradually dropped. The flock selected for quality traits exhibited a significant growth in the frequency of TfD allele in subsequent years of the study, whereas the frequency of TfC allele decreased. The frequency of remaining alleles varied in certain years of the study and no distinguished changes were found. The homozygosity of the polymorphic transferring noted in the first year. Regularities of changes in the frequency of phenotypes and alleles of transferring in the flock concerned could mark changes in the breeding – selecting scheme.

Fractionation of Plasminogen by Starch Gel Electrophoresis

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl H. Slotta ◽  
J. D Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Full Activity ◽  
Veronal Buffer ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Alkaline Range

SummaryWhen urea or ε-amino caproic acid were used as solublizing agents for plasminogen in electrophoretic experiments, only one broad band of the proenzyme was obtained on acetate cellulose, in starch block, and in acrylamide gel. In starch gel electrophoresis, however, both forms of plasminogen – the native or euglobulin and Kline’s or Pseudoglobulin plasminogen – separated into six bands. These migrated toward the cathode at room temperature in borate or veronal buffer in the alkaline range and showed full activity in fibrinagar-streptokinase plates.

scholarly journals THE INHERITANCE OF ENZYME VARIANTS FOR TYROSINE AMINOTRANSFERASE, NADP-DEPENDENT MALATE DEHYDROGENASE, NADP-DEPENDENT ISOCITRATE DEHYDROGENASE, AND TETRAZOLIUM OXIDASE IN TETRAHYMENA PYRIFORMIS, SYNGEN 1

Genetics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 595-603
Author(s):  
D Borden ◽  
E T Miller ◽  
D L Nanney ◽  
G S Whitt
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Malate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Isocitrate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Tetrahymena Pyriformis ◽  
Tyrosine Aminotransferase ◽  
Breeding Program ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Enzyme Locus ◽  
Starch Gel

ABSTRACT The isozymic patterns of tyrosine aminotransferase, NADP malate dehydrogenase, NADP isocitrate dehydrogenase, and tetrazolium oxidase were examined by starch-gel electrophoresis in Tetrahymena pyriformis, syngen 1. The genetics of the alleles controlling these enzymes was studied through a breeding program. Each enzyme locus was shown to assort vegetatively, as do other loci in this organism. A detailed analysis of the assortment process for the tyrosine aminotransferase locus indicated that the rate of stabilization of heterozygotes into pure types was essentially identical to previously-reported rates for other loci.

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