Environmental factors influencing the feeding behavior of Daphnia magna Straus

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 759-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Filtering Rate ◽  
Electronic Measurement ◽  
History Of ◽  
Thoracic Appendage

Feeding behavior of Daphnia magna on the food organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, determined by electronic measurement of frequency of thoracic appendage movements (FTA), differs between groups cultured in lake, river, and dechlorinated tap water. FTA also varied between similar Daphnia cultured at different times in water collected from a common source. It is suggested that variability in water quality or physiological changes, possibly influenced by thermal history of the animal, alters feeding behavior. The concept of a "normal filtering rate" (McMahon and Rigler 1965) is reevaluated.

SOME PHYSICAL FACTORS INFLUENCING THE FEEDING BEHAVIOR OF DAPHNIA MAGNA STRAUS

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. McMahon
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Feeding Rate ◽  
Total Darkness ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Filtering Rate ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Filtering Rates ◽  
Animal Size

The feeding behavior of Daphnia magna was studied in relation to the effect of animal size, water temperature, and light intensity. D. magna were fed on pure cultures of Chlorella vulgaris and Saccharomyces cerevisiae labelled with radioactive phosphorus.As size of D. magna increased over the range 1.25 mm to 3.54 mm, both maximum filtering rate and maximum feeding rate increased. The relation between the increase of filtering rate and the increase of maximum feeding rate is such that the "incipient limiting level" (the external level above which there is no limiting effect of food supply) also increases as size of Daphnia increases. The feeding rate of D. magna was studied over the temperature range 5 °C to 35 °C. The temperature optimum for feeding was approximately 24 °C.Feeding rate was also studied under conditions of total darkness and at light intensities of 100, 300, 500, 1,000, 3,000, and 10,000 ft-c. Illumination from total darkness to 1000 ft-c did not appear to affect the feeding rate of D. magna.The results of this investigation are discussed in relation to previous studies of filtering rates of other Crustacea.

Cartographic production in Russia: main stages and trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 963 (9) ◽  
pp. 30-43
Author(s):  
M.Yu. Orlov
Keyword(s):  
Chronological Order ◽  
Xviii Century ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Current State ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Future ◽  
History Of ◽  
State Enterprises ◽  
Further Development

Studying the current state of cartography and ways of further developing the industry, the role of the map in the future of the society, new methods of promoting cartographic products is impossible without a deep scientific analyzing all the paths, events and factors influencing its formation and development throughout all the historic steps of cartographic production in Russia. In the article, the history of cartographic production in Russia is considered together with the development of private, state and military cartography, since, despite some differences, they have a common technical, technological and production basis. The author describes the stages of originating, formation and growth of industrial cartographic production from the beginning of the XVIII century until now. The connection between the change of political formations and technological structures with the mentioned stages of maps and atlases production is considered. Each stage is studied in detail, a step-by-step analysis was carried out, and the characteristics of each stage are described. All the events and facts are given in chronological order, highlighting especially significant moments influencing the evolution of cartographic production. The data on the volumes of printing and sales of atlases and maps by commercial and state enterprises are presented. The main trends and lines of further development of cartographic production in Russia are studied.

scholarly journals Industrial Dust Explosions. A Brief Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf K. Eckhoff ◽  
Gang Li
Keyword(s):  
Case History ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Dust Explosion ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Industrial Dust ◽  
Dust Clouds ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dust Explosions ◽  
Hybrid Mixtures

This paper first addresses the question: what is a dust explosion? Afterwards, some specific issues are briefly reviewed: materials that can give dust explosions, factors influencing ignitability and explosibility of dust clouds, the combustion of dust clouds in air, ignition sources that can initiate dust explosions, primary and secondary dust explosions, dust flash fires, explosions of “hybrid mixtures”, and detonation of dust clouds. Subsequently, measures for dust explosion prevention and mitigation are reviewed. The next section presents the case history of an industrial dust explosion catastrophe in China in 2014. In the final section, a brief review is given of some current research issues that are related to the prevention and mitigation of dust explosions. There is a constant need for further research and development in all the areas elucidated in the paper.

The Development of Green Building Materials Trend in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 357-360 ◽  
pp. 1070-1073
Author(s):  
Bao Zhu Sheng
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Civil Engineering ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Green Building Materials ◽  
History Of ◽  
Development Tendency

Building material is the base of civil engineering construction, in the history of thousands of years of development, building materials also gradually change and change, and is closely related to the progress of human civilization and the development of science and technology.Green building materials has the vital significance to the construction of a conservation-oriented society and sustainable development, in accordance with China's social development.This paper introduces the importance of the development of green building materials,analyzes some factors influencing the development of green building materials in China,and discusses the development tendency of green building materials in China.

Baylor University’s Football Stadia: Life Before McLane Stadium

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Chad Seifried ◽  
Tiffany E. Demiris ◽  
Jeffrey Petersen
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Factors ◽  
College Football ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Current Review ◽  
Commercial Interest ◽  
History Of ◽  
The University ◽  
The Prestige

The present study offers a descriptive history of the football grounds at Baylor from 1894 to 2014. The current review identifies important individuals and notable events that impacted the football facilities at Baylor. Moreover, the contextual factors influencing each period of change were recognized, and it was determined if Baylor’s facilities followed the pattern of other regional peers. In the case of Baylor, football ultimately created social anchors for the institution and Waco because the increasing popularity and commercial interest in college football produced spectacles capable of providing a unique campus spirit. Next, the spectacle of football and spirit both established and improved alumni relationships and corresponded with interest in elevating the prestige of the university and city to attract students, visitors, and businesses to operate in the area. Finally, the construction of various Baylor football playing grounds produced significant media attention capable of boosting enrollments and recognition that Baylor was a major university.

Quintilian, Inst. 1, 5, 40 on solecism and Apollonius Dyscolus

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-175
Author(s):  
Manuela Callipo
Keyword(s):  
Word Order ◽  
Regular Word ◽  
Common Source ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Inversion ◽  
Grammatical Tradition

Abstract Throughout the history of the Latin grammatical tradition barbarism is regularly described according to the system of the four categories of change known as quadripertita ratio, whereas the description of solecism is more controversial. In the grammatical chapters of his first book, Quintilian attests to the application of the fourfold system to solecism in his age, but he also knows a second tradition, which ends up becoming the predominant theory in Latin grammar and regards solecism as the fault by substitution (inmutatio). Quintilian attributes this tradition to some anonymous grammarians (quidam) who have not been identified yet. After considering Quintilian’s testimony in light of the Greek sources and especially Apollonius Dyscolus’ Syntax, we have concluded that Quintilian and Apollonius may rely on a common source, probably of Alexandrine descent, which separated solecism from the first three categories of change of the fourfold system (addition, subtraction and inversion of the regular word order).

scholarly journals Trapeziometacarpal joint arthritis: A retrospective study of the natural history of symptomatic thumb arthritis

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Jessica Frankenhoff ◽  
Jeffrey Stromberg ◽  
Aimee Riley ◽  
Jun He ◽  
Prem Madesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Average Pain ◽  
Average Pain Score ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
Joint Arthritis

Objective: Trapeziometacarpal (TM) joint arthritis is a common source of hand pain in patients presenting to the hand surgeon’s clinic. Long-term data on the natural history of symptomatic TM arthritis is lacking.Methods: We identified 251 patients with symptomatic TM arthritis and performed a retrospective chart review which identified treatment modalities (including surgery) and long term outcomes which were assessed via a telephone survey.Results: We found that of the 251 patients who presented with symptomatic TM arthritis, the 114 patients who had surgery had less pain and disability in the long term than those patients who were treated conservatively with splinting or injection (average pain score 1.8 vs. 3.8). However, the majority of patients did not ultimately undergo surgery.Conclusions: Although patients fare better from a pain and function standpoint with surgery, surgery is not inevitable.

scholarly journals Most important types of cattle behavior

2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 133-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Joksimovic-Todorovic ◽  
Slavca Hristov ◽  
Vesna Davidovic ◽  
Renata Relic ◽  
Branislav Stankovic
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Natural Behavior ◽  
The Social ◽  
Hereditary Character ◽  
External Stimuli ◽  
Natural Characteristics ◽  
Production Characteristics

Behavior of cattle is a simple and easily established indicator of their health condition, production characteristics and welfare, showing whether and how the animal has adapted to the maintenance conditions. Essentially, all forms of cattle behavior are accompanied by certain physiological changes in the organism, and the basic moving forces of behavior are congenital. The moving forces of behavior of cattle are narrowed down to a certain number of biological needs (the need for food, water, sexual and other biological needs) and congenital urges and instincts, such as the combative and maternal instincts. Cattle are grazing animals and they cannot exhibit all their congenital natural activities of behavior under intensive maintenance conditions. Different internal and external stimuli influence the types of behavior of cattle, changing the motivational activities of their organism. In the course of domestication, certain forms of behavior of cattle have sustained changes, some have adapted to the new conditions, and new ones have appeared as well. The social, reproductive, maternal, and feeding behavior of cattle in closed maintenance conditions has not changed fundamentally, but the model of its manifesting has changed. Furthermore, certain disorders in the behavior of cattle also appear as a consequence of the maintenance conditions, and they can also be of hereditary character. In order to promote welfare, cattle should be enabled to exhibit their natural behavior, but they should also be provided with an environment that has natural characteristics.

scholarly journals Case Report: Poor oral hygiene leading to an emergency condition: A case report of Ludwig’s angina

F1000Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 1219
Author(s):  
Prashant Pant ◽  
Oshan Shrestha ◽  
Pawan Budhathoki ◽  
Nebula Devkota ◽  
Prabin Kumar Giri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Poor Oral Hygiene ◽  
Presenting Symptoms ◽  
Dental Procedures ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ludwig’S Angina ◽  
Ludwig's Angina

Ludwig’s angina (LA) is a rapidly spreading and potentially life-threatening infection having an odontogenic infection as the most common source. It involves the floor of the mouth and neck. Modernization in medical care has made this entity rare and of low mortality at the present but it is still feared as a lethal entity due to rapidly progressive airway obstruction that follows. Here we report a case of a 15-year-old male who suffered from LA. Presenting symptoms and findings of the examination helped in the clinical diagnosis. Immediate intubation, use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, and treatment of complications aided the patient’s recovery. LA should be considered for differential diagnosis in the case of neck swelling especially in those having a history of poor oral hygiene and recent dental procedures. Management of LA and its complications should always involve doctors from multiple disciplines.

Rats' Preferences for an Analgesic Compared to Water: An Alternative to “Killing the Rat So it Does Not Suffer”

2003 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 674-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Persinger
Keyword(s):  
Tap Water ◽  
Systemic Injection ◽  
Acute Injuries ◽  
History Of ◽  
Care Guidelines ◽  
Chronic Injuries ◽  
Clonic Convulsions ◽  
Control Pain ◽  
Recurrent Injuries ◽  
Animal Care

A common policy in research institutions is to kill rats when they display chronic disabilities or recurrent injuries. These guidelines appear to be derived from an oxymoron that “it's better for a rat to be killed so it does not suffer pain” and from untested assumptions that rats cannot control “pain.” In a two-bottle paradigm. 10 rats with history of brain damage following status epilepticus from a single systemic injection of lithium and pilocarpine were given options to consume freely either tap water or 1 mg/cc of acetaminophen in tap water. During periods of fresh lesions due to persistent gnawing or acute injuries associated with tonic-clonic convulsions, the rats consumed 3 to 10 times the fluid from the bottles containing acetaminophen (equivalent to 5 to 10 extra-strength Tylenol tablets per day for a 70-kg person) relative to periods when no lesions or old lesions were present. These results suggest that rats with chronic injuries sufficient to be terminated according to Animal Care guidelines may be capable of reducing the aversive physiological conditions associated with tissue damage by selecting analgesic treatments.

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