THE GENUS NERENIA BOLÍVAR, 1905 (ORTHOPTERA: PYRGOMORPHIDAE)

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Keith McE. Kevan
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Single Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Tribe ◽  
First Time

Nerenia is an isolated genus of the Acridoid family Pyrgomorphidae, known only by a single species, N. francoisi Bolfvar, from New Caledonia. Hitherto only the male was known, but it is believed that Sphenacris granulalus Bolfvar, known only from the female, and also from New Caledonia, represents the other sex. The male terminalia of Nerenia are peculiarly modified. The phallic structures are described here for the first time. They indicate that a new tribe, Nereniini, should be recognized.

scholarly journals A faunistic review of ground beetles of Lebiinae Bonelli, 1810 (Coleoptera: Carabidae) of Lithuania

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-85
Author(s):  
Vytautas Tamutis ◽  
Arvids Barševskis
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Species Composition And Distribution ◽  
First Time ◽  
Distribution Frequency

The paper presents the first review on species composition and distribution of ground beetles of Lebiinae Bonelli, 1810, subfamily (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in Lithuania. During the study, all available related published sources have been reviewed. A total of 482 records have been analyzed and more than 700 specimens collected since 1923 have been examined. Lebiinae subfamily is presented by 2 tribes in Lithuania. The tribe Odocanthini is monotypical with a single species. The other one, Lebiini tribe, is more diverse, represented by 4 subtribes, 7 genera and 24 species. The information on distribution, frequency and some features of ecology and zoogeography of 25 Lebiinae species found in Lithuanian is detailed. Demetrias atricapillus (Linnaeus, 1758) is reported for the first time for Lithuanian fauna and Philorhizus notatus (Stephens, 1827) is removed from the list of Lithuanian beetles.

Fifteen new species of Liphanthus Reed (Hymenoptera: Andrenidae) with two submarginal cells

Zootaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4645 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
NEGAR MIR SHARIFI ◽  
LIAM GRAHAM ◽  
LAURENCE PACKER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Dna Barcode ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
The Other ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Cross Vein

Hitherto, the panurgine genus Liphanthus Reed 1894 has been thought to have only a single species with two, as opposed to three, submarginal cells. Here we describe an additional fifteen species with two submarginal cells. These new species are: L. jenamro Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. sapos Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. domeykoi Packer, L. discolor Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. centralis Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. molavi Mir Sharifi & Packer (all of the above are from Chile), L. abotorabi Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. cochabambensis Mir Sharifi & Packer (both from Bolivia), L. fritzi Mir Sharifi & Packer, L. amblayensis Mir Sharifi & Packer (both from Argentina), L. ancashensis Mir Sharifi & Packer (from Peru), L. tregualemensis Packer (from Chile), L. yrigoyeni Packer, L. sparsipunctus Packer (both from Argentina) and L. aliavenus Packer (from Chile). Only L. tregualemensis readily fits within any of the previously described subgenera—Liphanthus (Leptophanthus) Ruz and Toro 1983. Liphanthus aliavenus is known from two specimens, one with three and one with two submarginal cells whereas L. molavi has one individual with two submarginal cells on one forewing and three on the other while all other specimens have two submarginal cells on each forewing. We verified that none of these new species are merely two submarginal celled variants of species with three submarginal cells (such intraspecific variation arises also in some other bees) by i) comparing each of the new species with all keys, figures and descriptions of all Liphanthus species, ii) comparisons with holotypes and/or paratypes of most of the described species and iii) surveys of the specimens of undescribed species with three submarginal cells in our collection. None of the new species seem closely related to L. (Neoliphanthis) bicellularis Ruz and Toro 1983, the only previously described Liphanthus species with two submarginal cells. It is the second submarginal crossvein that is lost in all species except L. aliavenus in which the first submarginal cross vein is lost. DNA barcode data are presented for some of the species. Some interesting morphological features associated with the penis valves are described and discussed. The genus is recorded from Bolivia for the first time. 

scholarly journals Aphids of the family Eriosomatidae (Insecta: Homoptera) in Belarus

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 226-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Buga ◽  
D.G. Zhorov ◽  
N.V. Leshchinskaya ◽  
A.V. Stekolshchikov
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Zoological Institute ◽  
The Other ◽  
State University ◽  
Global Pattern ◽  
The Family ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
First Time

Investigation of Eriosomatidae in Belarus started in the 1900s. However, a regional checklist of Eriosomatidae aphids was not published till now. Based on material preserved in the collections of Belarusian State University and the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, and data scattered across publications we have compiled the first comprehensive list of Eriosomatidae recorded from Belarus and briefly analysed it from the geographical and ecological points of views. The list includes 12 genera and 27 species. Pemphigus passeki Börner, 1952 has been recorded from Belarus for the first time. The registered diversity is less abundant than in the adjacent Poland. In the accordance with the global pattern of aphids host plant connections, a single species permanently inhabit woody plants (monoecious species), the other ones are dioecious and migrate from woody plants to woody (eight species) or herbaceous (12 species) plants. Four species is anholocyclic.

WOOD ANATOMY OF SCHEFFLERA AND RELATED TAXA (ARALIACEAE). II. SYSTEMATIC WOOD ANATOMY OF NEW CALEDONIAN SCHEFFLERA

IAWA Journal ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexei A. Oskolski ◽  
Porter P. Lowry II
Keyword(s):  
Wood Anatomy ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Wood Structure ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Fourth Group ◽  
Perforation Plates ◽  
First Time ◽  
Structure Diversity

The wood anatomy of 22 of the 26 species of Schefflera occurring in New Caledonia was studied. Only two features (the presence of scalariform perforation plates and scanty paratracheal axial parenchyma) appear to be constant throughout the species examined. The pattern of wood structure diversity was analyzed using PCA; the results generally agree with the current recognition of four groups of species among New Caledonian Schefflera based on macromorphology. Three of these groups (Dizygotheca, “Canacoschefflera” and “Gabriellae”) represent natural assemblages closely related to one another. The fourth group (Schefflera sect. Schefflera) is isolated from the others, as indicated by its very large rays and abundant septate fibres. The occurrence of crystals in chambered cells of axial parenchyma was observed for the first time in Araliaceae. The wood structure of Schefflera plerandroides, previously placed in the segregate genus Octotheca, shows no essential differences from that of the other members of the Dizygotheca group, supporting the hypothesis that polymerous flowers have evolved independently at least twice within the Schefflera alliance.

Hierobotana Briq., an intriguing monotypic genus of tribe Verbeneae (Verbenaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 164 (4) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
NATALY O’LEARY ◽  
PABLO MORONI
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Hierobotana is a monotypic genus that belongs to tribe Verbeneae and is endemic to Ecuador. It is morphologically distinct from the other genera of Verbeneae in having only two functional stamens instead of four, as occur in most Verbenaceae. In the present work the relationship between Hierobotana and the other genera of Verbeneae is examined for the first time. Its single species, Hierobotana inflata, is described and illustrated and a key to the genera of tribe Verbeneae is provided. 

Hippolytidae and Barbouriidae (Decapoda: Caridea) collected during the Ryukyu “KUMEJIMA 2009” expedition

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3367 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAMMY DE GRAVE ◽  
TIN-YAM CHAN ◽  
Y. FUJITA ◽  
JUNJI OKUNO
Keyword(s):  
New Caledonia ◽  
Present Report ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ryukyu Islands ◽  
Female Specimen ◽  
Single Female ◽  
Male Specimen ◽  
The Ryukyu Islands ◽  
De Man ◽  
First Time

The present report deals with caridean shrimps from the families Hippolytidae (7 species) and Barbouriidae (1 species)collected during the KUMEJIMA 2009 expedition in the Ryukyu Islands. The deep-water hippolytid Gelastreutescrosnieri Bruce, 1990 is recorded from Kumejima based on a single female specimen, representing a considerable rangeextension of this species from New Caledonia to Japan. The opportunity is also taken to record and illustrate the firstknown male specimen of G. crosnieri, collected during the SANTO 2006 expedition off West Mavéa Island, Vanuatu. Thecolour pattern of G. crosnieri is shown for the first time. The Kumejima and Vanuatu specimens present noticeabledifferences in both morphology and colouration, but appear to be conspecific based on comparison of the barcoding geneCOI sequences. The recently described Lysmata lipkei Okuno & Fielder, 2010 is recorded for the second time, however,not representing a significant range extension of this species. The other species reported are Saron marmoratus (Olivier,1811), Saron neglectus De Man, 1902, Thinora maldivensis (Borradaile, 1915), Thor amboinensis (De Man, 1888), Tozeuma armatum Paul’son, 1875 (Hippolytidae), and Parhippolyte misticia (Clark, 1989) (Barbouriidae).

scholarly journals Chemical Originalities of New Caledonian Liverworts from Lejeuneaceae Family

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1501000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Coulerie ◽  
Louis Thouvenot ◽  
Mohammed Nour ◽  
Yoshinori Asakawa
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
The Other ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

Lejeuneaceae is the largest family of liverworts in the world. Through the analyses of the chemical composition of some species, it has been demonstrated that they may represent an important source of original and bioactive molecules. None of the 146 species that occur in New Caledonia has been studied yet. Here we describe the terpenoid content of twelve New Caledonian species, including two endemics. We describe here, for the first time, the presence of frullanolide in the Lejeuneaceae, occurring as a major compound in the extract from Colura leratii, and a rarely observed santalene derivative from Acrolejeunea securifolia subsp. caledonica. These analyses also highlight species that probably contain original structures, such as Schiffneriolejeunea tumida var. hasskarliana, Cheilolejeunea spp and Thysananthus retusus. The results obtained here also confirm several previous hypotheses about the chemosystematics of the Lejeuneaceae. For example, lepidozene can be considered as a chemosystematic marker of the Ptychantoideae subfamily, considering its abundance in many Ptychantoideae. On the other hand, some results are different from those described previously. For example, we detected no fusicoccane derivatives in any of the Lejeuneaceae species analyzed here, whereas they were previously described as a marker of the Ptychantoideae. This suggests that the available data toward the chemistry of the Lejeuneaceae are not sufficient to be confident with some of the previous chemosystematic conclusions.

Darwin's two competing phylogenetic trees: marsupials as ancestors or sister taxa?

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. David Archibald
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Record ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Phylogenetic Trees ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
The Other ◽  
Charles Lyell ◽  
Single Origin ◽  
Molecular Studies ◽  
Richard Owen ◽  
First Time

Studies of the origin and diversification of major groups of plants and animals are contentious topics in current evolutionary biology. This includes the study of the timing and relationships of the two major clades of extant mammals – marsupials and placentals. Molecular studies concerned with marsupial and placental origin and diversification can be at odds with the fossil record. Such studies are, however, not a recent phenomenon. Over 150 years ago Charles Darwin weighed two alternative views on the origin of marsupials and placentals. Less than a year after the publication of On the origin of species, Darwin outlined these in a letter to Charles Lyell dated 23 September 1860. The letter concluded with two competing phylogenetic diagrams. One showed marsupials as ancestral to both living marsupials and placentals, whereas the other showed a non-marsupial, non-placental as being ancestral to both living marsupials and placentals. These two diagrams are published here for the first time. These are the only such competing phylogenetic diagrams that Darwin is known to have produced. In addition to examining the question of mammalian origins in this letter and in other manuscript notes discussed here, Darwin confronted the broader issue as to whether major groups of animals had a single origin (monophyly) or were the result of “continuous creation” as advocated for some groups by Richard Owen. Charles Lyell had held similar views to those of Owen, but it is clear from correspondence with Darwin that he was beginning to accept the idea of monophyly of major groups.

Sphagnum mosses (Sphagnaceae, Bryophyta) of mires Chefandzar and Masota in North Ossetia (Caucasus)

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 455-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Doroshina ◽  
I. A. Nikolajev
Keyword(s):  
Plant Communities ◽  
The Other ◽  
North Caucasus ◽  
Sphagnum Mosses ◽  
Greater Caucasus ◽  
The North ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Ossetia

Sphagnum mires on the Greater Caucasus are rare, characterized by the presence of relict plant communities of glacial age and are in a stage of degradation. The study of Sphagnum of Chefandzar and Masota mires is carried out for the first time. Seven species of Sphagnum are recorded. Their distribution and frequency within the North Caucasus are analyzed. Sphagnum contortum, S. platyphyllum, S. russowii, S. squarrosum are recorded for the first time for the study area and for the flora of North Ossetia. The other mosses found in the study area are listed.

An Epistemological Criticism of Social Entrepreneurship: Is Social Entrepreneurship a Sound Scientific Field of Research

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Forouharfar
Keyword(s):  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Constructivism ◽  
Social Epistemology ◽  
American English ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Knowledge Structure ◽  
Scientific Field ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Time

The paper was shaped around the pivotal question: Is SE a sound and scientific field of research? The question has given a critical tone to the paper and has also helped to bring out some of the controversial debates in the realm of SE. The paper was organized under five main discussions to be able to provide a scientific answer to the research question: (1)<b> </b>is “social entrepreneurship” an oxymoron?, (2) the characteristics of SE knowledge, (3) sources of social entrepreneurship knowledge, (4) SE knowledge: structure and limitations and (5) contributing epistemology-making concepts for SE.<b> </b>Based on the sections,<b> </b>the study relied on the relevant philosophical schools of thought in <i>Epistemology </i>(e.g. <i>Empiricism</i>, <i>Rationalism</i>, <i>Skepticism</i>, <i>Internalism</i> vs. <i>Externalism</i>,<i> Essentialism, Social Constructivism</i>, <i>Social Epistemology, etc.</i>) to discuss these controversies around SE and proposes some solutions by reviewing SE literature. Also, to determine the governing linguistic discourse in the realm of SE, which was necessary for our discussion,<i> Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA)</i> for the first time in SE studies was used. Further, through the study, SE buzzwords which constitute SE terminology were derived and introduced to help us narrowing down and converging the thoughts in this field and demarking the epistemological boundaries of SE. The originality of the paper on one hand lies in its pioneering discussions on SE epistemology and on the other hand in paving the way for a construction of sound epistemology for SE; therefore in many cases after preparing the philosophical ground for the discussions, it went beyond the prevalent SE literature through meta-analysis to discuss the cases which were raised. The results of the study verified previously claimed embryonic pre-paradigmatic phase in SE which was far from a sound and scientific knowledge, although the scholarly endeavors are the harbingers of such a possibility in the future which calls for further mature academic discussion and development of SE knowledge by the SE academia.

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