THE MORPHOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY OF THE ALIMENTARY CANAL OF GLOSSOGOBIUS GIURUS (HAM.)

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 605-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Mohd. Mohsin
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Muscularis Mucosa ◽  
Buccal Epithelium ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Carnivorous Fish ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Wide Mouth

Glossogobius giurus is a carnivorous fish with a wide mouth and a short alimentary canal. All the layers of tissue ordinarily found, in the wall of the gut are well developed except in the buccal cavity and the pharynx where the muscular layers are missing.The mucous membrane and the musculature vary greatly in the different regions. The muscularis mucosa is generally wanting. The stratum compactum is not well developed except in the buccal epithelium. There is a true stomach but no pyloric caeca. It is tentatively concluded that fish possess only pepsin-secreting gastric glands. Detailed descriptions are given of typical transverse sections of the various regions.

scholarly journals Gross Anatomy and Histological Features of Gymnarchus niloticus (Cuvier, 1829) from the River Niger at Agenebode in Edo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. O. Agbugui ◽  
F. E. Abhulimen ◽  
H. O. Egbo
Keyword(s):  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Complex Structure ◽  
Feeding Habit ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Carnivorous Fish ◽  
Histological Features ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Gymnarchus Niloticus ◽  
Edo State ◽  
River Niger

This study was conducted to record the anatomy and histological features of the gastrointestinal tract of the trunk fish Gymnarchus niloticus captured at Agenebode in the Lower River Niger, Edo State. The gastrointestinal tract was segmented into the mouth, oesophagus, stomach, pyloric caeca, and intestine. The slender (taeniform) body that is fuller at the head tappers at its end. There are no spines on this fish, and the fins used for locomotion are the dorsal fins and not the typical pectoral fins as in other fish. The oesophagus, stomach, pyloric caeca, intestine, and cloaca (anterior, intermediate, posterior, and rectum) were analysed for histological examination. The stomach had significantly higher villi and thicker inner circular muscles compared to the intestine and oesophagus. The lamina propria was thickest in the stomach which is significantly higher when compared with the oesophagus, but not with the intestine. However, the intestine showed significantly thicker outer longitudinal muscle, while gastric glands were observed only in the stomach. The histological features were closely associated with the functions of the different segments of the gastrointestinal tract. In conclusion, the histological features of the gastrointestinal tract of G. niloticus are consistent with the feeding habit of a carnivorous fish. In conclusion, the GIT is a complex structure composed of organs that reveals that it is a higher vertebrate created for a hardy survival, consistent with the feeding habit of a carnivorous fish. The histology reveals a GIT formed by four conspicuous layers from the inside to the outside of the mucosa, submucosa, and an inner longitudinal layer of the muscularis and the outer circular of the muscularis typical of higher vertebrates.

scholarly journals XVIII. The minute anatomy of the alimentary canal

1876 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 451-488 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Detailed Account ◽  
Fat Absorption ◽  
Physiological Laboratory

The following is an account of a research undertaken in the laboratory of the Brown Institution in July 1873, under the direction of Dr. Klein, and carried on there under his direction until October 1874. During the last year it has been continued in the physiological laboratory of St. George’s Hospital. Chapter I. The minute anatomy of the mucous membrane of the intestine, and the method of fat-absorption. In this chapter I propose first to state very briefly the result of my researches on the structure of the intestine and the method of fat-absorption; secondly, to relate the his­tory of these subjects; and, finally, to give a detailed account of this research.

Some Aspects on the Anatomy and Histology of the Alimentary Canal of Hydrocyon lineatus, White Nile, Sudan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faiza Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Gross Anatomy ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Diagnostic Feature ◽  
Carnivorous Fish ◽  
The Family ◽  
White Nile ◽  
General Organization ◽  
Mucosal Fold

<p>The present study is an attempt to describe the gross anatomy and histology of the alimentary canal of the economically important Nile fish, <em>Hydrocyon lineatus</em>, which is exclusively a carnivorous fish. The genus <em>Hydrocyan</em> is a member of the family Characidae. The family Characidae is a very generalized group confined to the fresh waters of Africa and South America. The species number about 500, of which only one-fifth are African. Of the twenty African genera only eight are represented in the Nile system. Living specimens of <em>Hydrocyon lineatus</em> were used during this work to study some aspects of the anatomy and histology of the alimentary canal. The general organization and structure of the different layers was found to confirm to the case found in general chordate organization. Nonetheless, it was thought pertinent to conclude that similarity in structure of the caeca to that of the intestine would justify replacement of the old nomenclature from pyloric caeca to intestinal caeca. Again, the presence of an intestinal mucosal fold could possibly be a characteristic diagnostic feature of the group in as much as it could be pleisiomorphic characteristic only occurring in lower groups of chordates.</p>

scholarly journals II. On the origin of the proteids of the chyle and the transference of food materials from the intestine into the lacteals

1885 ◽  
Vol 38 (235-238) ◽  
pp. 87-92 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Food Particles

In consequence of the discovery that in many of the lower Metazoa the ingestion of food particles is the result of an amœboid activity of individual cells of the organism, and that digestion and assimilation may also occur within the protoplasm of cells thus endowed with amœboid activity, attention has of late been directed to the part which such cells may play in promoting absorption from the alimentary canal of Vertebrates. It is well known that lymph-cells occur in large numbers in the mucous membrane of the intestine, which is everywhere beset with them; besides which they form the nodular masses of the solitary and agminated glands.

Memoirs: On Certain Features in the Development of the Alimentary Canal in Lepidosiren and Protopterus

1910 ◽  
Vol s2-54 (216) ◽  
pp. 483-518
Author(s):  
J. GRAHAM KERR
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Ventral Side ◽  
Main Mass ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
Dorsal Mesentery

1. The fore-gut first becomes folded off from the main mass of yolk-cells. 2. The pyloric valve arises by the hind end of the fore-gut being pushed back into the cavity oE the mid-gut. 3. The main mass of yolk-cells becomes gradually "modelled" into a spirally-coiled intestinal rudiment. 4. The main part of the buccal lining is developed in situ from large yolk-cells. 5. The part of the ventral side of the head, on which, are the olfactory rudiments, becomes enclosed in the buccal cavity by the development of the upper lips and by the forward growth of the lower jaw. 6. The olfactory opening becomes divided into anterior and posterior tiares by the apposition and fusion of the intermediate portion of its lips. 7. The thyroid arises as a solid downgrowth from the buccopharyngeal floor, which gradually becomes cut off from behind forwards. 8. The tongue is a primary tongue like that of Urodeles, but without gland-field. 9. The lung arises from a solid mid-ventral rudiment. 10. When the lung becomes bilobed, the (actual) right lobe is for a time small in size as compared with its fellow. 11. Complicated torsional processes take place during the development of the lung. 12. Through the dorsal mesentery becoming partially merged in the splanchnocoele roof, the lungs come to lie outside the splanchnocoele.

The Structure and Function of the Alimentary Canal of Aplysia Punctata

1942 ◽  
Vol s2-83 (331) ◽  
pp. 357-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. HOWELLS
Keyword(s):  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Muscular Activity ◽  
Mantle Cavity ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Forward Movement ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Anterior Intestine ◽  
Storage Cells ◽  
And Function

1. The anatomy and histology of the alimentary canal, process of feeding, and physiology of digestion in Aplysia punctata have been investigated. 2. The food undergoes little trituration in the buccal cavity. The mode of action of the jaws and odontophore is adapted to the rapid intake of vegetable food. 3. The oesophagus and crop together form an anatomical and physiological unit. 4. Trituration occurs in the gizzard. The teeth are adapted to the trituration of plant material; this is of particular importance owing to the weak action of the cellulase. 5. Coarser particles of weed are retained by the teeth of the filter chamber and returned to the gizzard during the forward movement of the gut fluid. 6. The ciliary currents in the anterior intestine ensure that only food in a finely divided or fluid state is admitted to the stomach. Medium and larger sized particles are carried straight into the intestine. 7. Ciliary currents in the stomach are concerned with the removal of material rejected from the tubules of the digestive diverticula. This material is consolidated, cemented, and moulded into a faecal rod within the caecum, and conveyed by ciliary action to the intestine. 8. The intestine is concerned with the further consolidation and moulding of the complete faecal mass, and its propulsion (by combined ciliary and muscular action) to the rectum. 9. Mucus is secreted throughout the gut with the exception of the regions of the jaws, gizzard, and filter chamber. Enzymes are secreted in the salivary glands (amylase and protease) and in the digestive diverticula (carbohydrases, lipase, and proteases). Glands probably secreting a lubricant (other than mucus) occur in the epithelium of the lateral walls of the buccal cavity, and others, secreting a cementing substance, in the caecum and intestine. 10. Absorptive cells occupy the greater part of the epithelium of the digestive diverticula. They occur together with secretory, excretory, and storage cells. 11. Digestion occurs within the oesophagus and crop, gizzard, filter chamber, anterior intestine, stomach, and tubules of the digestive diverticula. The hydrogen ion concentration is here suitable for the action of the enzymes, and the gut fluid is kept in motion by the muscular activity of the walls. 12. A high pH exists in the lumen of the caecum, posterior intestine, and rectum, probably assisting in the consolidation of the faecal mass by increasing the viscosity of the mucus. 13. The presence of a highly efficient mechanism for the formation of the faeces is probably correlated with the poorly developed cleansing mechanism in the mantle cavity.

scholarly journals The artificial production of echinoderm larvæ with two water-vascular systems, and also of larvæ devoid of a water-vascular system

1918 ◽  
Vol 90 (630) ◽  
pp. 323-348 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Principal Axis ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Ontogenetic Change ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Posterior Portion ◽  
Early Larva ◽  
Wide Mouth ◽  
Dorsal Ectoderm ◽  
Axis Of Symmetry

The development of Echinoderms has been characterised, and with justice, as the most remarkable ontogenetic change in the animal kingdom. For the larva is an almost perfect example of a simple, bilaterally symmetrical Metazoon, and the amazing thing is, not that the radially symmetrical adult should develop out of a bilaterally symmetrical larva, but that the axis of symmetry of the radial adult should cut the principal axis of the bilateral larva at an angle which approaches 90°. In the three orders Asteroidea, Ophiuroidea, and Echinoidea, the general anatomy of the early larva is of the same type. In all three groups the larva possesses a simple alimentary canal, consisting of a conical œsophagus opening by a wide mouth, a globular stomach, and a sac-like intestine opening by a narrow anus and directed forwards, so that the whole alimentary canal has the form of a U. On each side of the œsophagus a flattened cœlomic sac is situated; of these, the left sends up a vertical outgrowth termed the pore-canal, which fuses with the dorsal ectoderm, and opens to the exterior by a pore called the madreporic pore. Each cœlomic sac subsequently grows backwards, so that its posterior portion lies beside the stomach, and this portion later becomes separated by a constriction from the rest. Consequently, each sac becomes divided into an anterior and a posterior cœlom.

scholarly journals Hábito alimentar e morfologia do tubo digestivo de Haplias malabaricus (Osteichthyes, Elythrinidae) da Lagoa Dourada, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brasil

1995 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Flávio Pádua de Moraes ◽  
Ivana de Freitas Bárbola
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Lamina Propria ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Standard Length ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Tube Digestif ◽  
Gill Rakers ◽  
Mucosal Folds

Neste estudo, são abordados aspectos relacionados à alimentação e à morfologia dos órgâos de captura e assimilaçao de alimentos de Haplias malabaricus (Osteichthyes, Elythrinidae), da Lagoa Dourada, em Ponta Grossa, ParanÁ. As coletas forarn realizadas de abril de 1993 a abril de 1994. De cada exemplar, foram registrados comprimento total, comprimento padrão, peso total e rnedida da cavidade celomática, além de análises anatômicas e histológicas da cavidade bucal, estômago e intestino. Jovens de H. malabaricus apresentam hábito alimentar insetívoro, enquanto que os adultos, ictiófago. Os dentes mandibulares são fortes e cônicos, caracteristicos de espécies predadoras. Os rastros branquiais são pouco numerosos, fortes e longos. Possui o estômago do tipo sifonal com a mucosa bem desenvolvida com pregas altas e arredondadas. As criptas gástricas são rasas e estreitas, corn a lâmina própria da região pilórica aglandular. 0 intestino é curto corn as alças descrevendo poucas curvas, sendo que nas regiões anterior e media a camada mucosa apresenta pregas altas, estreitas e corn anastomoses, diminuindo de tamanho em direção a região posterior. Abstract Some aspects of the feeding habits and the morphology of the digestive tract are investigated in Haplias malabaricus (Osteichthyes, Erythinidae), in Lagoa Dourada, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, captured between April 1993 and April 1994. From each specimen, the following measurements/data was determined: total and standard length, weight, length of abdominal cavity. Histological and anatomical analyses were perforrned on the buccal cavity, stomach, and intestine. Youngs of H. malabaricus are insectivorous, while the adults are piscivorous. The conical and strong jaw teeth are characteristic of predaceous species. There are few long and strong gill rakers. The stomach is syphon type with high and rounded mucosal folds. Gastric pits are shallow and thin, with aglandular pyloric lamina propria. The short intestinal conduct has few loops. Mucous membrane folds of the anterior and medium regions are hight, narrow and depicts anastomosis that reduce toward the posterior region. Résumé Quelques aspects du comportament alimentaire et de la morphologie du tube digestif sont recherchés dans l’espèce Haplias malabaricus (Osteichthyes, Erythrinidae), du Lagoa Dourada, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brésil. Les poissons ont été captures entre avril 1993 et avril 1994. De chaque spècime, les suivantes mesures ont été determinées: la longueur totale et standart, le poids, la longueur de la creux abdominale. Les analyses histologiques et anatomiques ont été faites de la cavité bucale, de l’estomac et de l’intestin. Les jeunes de Haplias malabaricus sont insecticvores alors que les adultes mangent des poissons. Les dents fortes e coniques de la mandibule sont caractéristiques des espèces predateurs. Li y a peu de traces lamelleires longues et fortes. L’estomac est du tipe siphon ayant. Les plis de la muqueuse elevés et arrondis. Les creux de l’estomac sont ras e minces, avec la lamina propria piloric aglandulaire. L’intestin court n’a pas beaucoup d’anses. Les plis de la membrane muqueuse des regions anterieurs et moyennes sont hautes et étroites et elles décrivent les anastomosis qui les diminuent vers la region postérieure.

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