INFLUENCE DU DÉRIVÉ CYANURÉ DU DDT SUR LE RYTHME CARDIAQUE DE PERIPLANETA AMERICANA (L.)

1955 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. R. Bellemare ◽  
Jean Belcourt
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Slight Reduction

The mode of action, on the heart of Periplaneta americana, of the cyanide analogue of DDT has been studied. Results of preliminary tests with rotenone confirm the findings of other investigators. Tests made with DDT produce a slight reduction of the cardiac rhythm. With the cyanide analogue of DDT, the rate of heart beat is also slightly reduced but, as with DDT, the pulsations continue long after paralysis has set in. The general intoxication symptoms produced by the injection of the cyanide analogue (in suspension) are likewise identical with those of DDT. The above results, together with results of experiments found in the literature, seem to be at variance with the hypothesis proposed by Krijgsman et al. that the heart mechanism of insects consists of a neurogenic pacemaker with adrenergic properties, controlled by a cholinergic accelerating nerve.

Studies on Crop Function in the Cockroach (Periplaneta Americana L.)

1963 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-773
Author(s):  
K. G. DAVEY ◽  
J. E. TREHERNE
Keyword(s):  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
X Ray ◽  
A Minor

1. The structure and mode of action of the proventriculus are described. 2. X-ray photographs have shown that as the crop empties the decrease in volume of the fluid is partially compensated for by the swallowing of air. 3. The effects of various factors upon the rate of crop-emptying have been studied using solutions of different osmotic pressures. Changes in viscosity, effected by the addition of methyl cellulose, produce only a minor reduction in crop-emptying. The frequency of opening of the proventricular valve is not proportional to the rate of crop-emptying over the whole range of concentrations used, and it is assumed that changes in other parameters must affect the process.

scholarly journals Ratios of Ions Required to Maintain the Heart Beat of the American Cockroach, Periplaneta Americana Linnaeus

1957 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Ludwig ◽  
Sister Kathleen Marie Tracey ◽  
Mary-Louise Burns
Keyword(s):  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
American Cockroach

The Mode of Action of the Corpus Cardiacum on the Hind Gut in Periplaneta Americana

1962 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-324
Author(s):  
K. G. DAVEY
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Peripheral Nervous System ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Corpus Cardiacum ◽  
Corpora Cardiaca ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Hind Gut

1. Addition of a homogenate of corpora cardiaca to the fluid bathing an isolated hind gut of Periplaneta produces an increase in tonus, amplitude, frequency and co-ordination of contractions. 2. The corpus cardiacum acts by stimulating cells in the upper colon to release an indolalkylamine. 3. This amine acts on the mucles through a peripheral nervous system which can function in isolation from the central nervous system.

ACETYLCHOLINE IN PERIPLANETA AMERICANA L.: III. ACETYLCHOLINE IN ROACHES TREATED WITH TETRAETHYL PYROPHOSPHATE AND 2,2-BIS(p-CHLOROPHENYL)-1,1,1-TRICHLOROETHANE

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 259-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Colhoun
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Activity ◽  
Topical Treatment ◽  
Mode Of Action ◽  
Nerve Cord ◽  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
Nervous Activity ◽  
Thoracic Nerve ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Nerve Cords

The levels of acetylcholine (ACh) in the thoracic nerve cords of cockroaches were increased by the topical application of 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (DDT) and of tetraethyl pyrophosphate (TEPP), but only TEPP inhibited cholinesterase (ChE). Improvements in the correlation of symptoms, nervous activity, and ACh levels with ChE were obtained when nerve cords were homogenized in saline containing ACh, which prevented further inhibition of ChE by TEPP found to be present in blood and nervous tissue. There was a similarity in the distribution of ACh in thoracic nerve cords of roaches after topical treatment with TEPP and DDT but the physiological properties of the blood revealed differences in the mode of action of the two insecticides. The effects of blood from the poisoned insects on the electrical activity of the isolated nerve cord of roaches are discussed in relation to the penetration of the nerve cord by known neurohumors.

scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF NERVE CELLS

1920 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter E. Garrey
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Cardiac Rhythm ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Heart Beat ◽  
Nerve Cells ◽  
Co2 Production ◽  
Cardiac Ganglion ◽  
Different Temperatures

1. It is possible to determine by the colorimetric method the rate of production of carbon dioxide by the cardiac ganglion of Limulus. 2. Carbon dioxide formation in the cardiac ganglion was found to run parallel to the rate of heart beat for different temperatures. 3. The conclusion seems justified that the rate of cardiac rhythm of Limulus depends upon a chemical reaction in the nerve cells of the cardiac ganglion and that this reaction is associated with the production of carbon dioxide since the rate of beat and the rate of CO2 production are similarly affected by changes in temperature.

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