Is mother condition related to offspring condition in migratory caribou (Rangifer tarandus) at calving and weaning?

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Taillon ◽  
V. Brodeur ◽  
M. Festa-Bianchet ◽  
S.D. Côté
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Maternal Characteristics ◽  
Calf Growth ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Summer Range ◽  
Positive Effect

Maternal characteristics can affect offspring traits, yet they are seldom included when considering density dependence of juvenile traits and population dynamics. We quantified the influence of population size and maternal traits on body condition of migratory caribou ( Rangifer tarandus (L., 1758)) calves at birth and weaning. We contrasted female–calf pairs of the Rivière-George (RG) herd, which has recently declined to low population size, with pairs of the much larger Rivière-aux-Feuilles (RAF) herd. Calves of the RAF herd were lighter, smaller, and leaner than calves of the RG herd at both birth and weaning. Differences between herds, however, were much greater at weaning than at calving, suggesting a combined effect of herd size and summer range conditions on calf growth. Maternal mass was positively related to calf body condition during both periods. The positive influence of maternal mass on calf body condition was greater for RAF than RG calves at birth, but it was similar for the two herds at weaning. Our results show that the negative effect of population size on calf body condition can be modulated by maternal mass at calving, and that the positive effect of maternal mass is greater at weaning.

Body-condition dynamics in a northern ungulate gaining fat in winter

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 367-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Couturier ◽  
Steeve D. Côté ◽  
Jean Huot ◽  
Robert D. Otto
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Body Condition ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Summer Range ◽  
Long Term Trends ◽  
Individual Condition

Individual condition generally depends on density and is partly determined by habitat quality and climate. We studied long-term trends in the condition and productivity of female caribou ( Rangifer tarandus (L., 1758)) in two large migratory herds in the Quebec–Labrador peninsula (Canada), the George and the Feuilles herds. Females from the George herd were in better summer condition than those from the more abundant Feuilles herd in 2001–2002, while it was the opposite in 1988 when the Feuilles herd was less abundant than the George herd. Summer nutrition followed the same pattern between herds through time. Spring body condition of females in the George herd declined from 1976 to the mid-1980s during early population growth. Fall condition, however, did not change from 1983 to 2002 when caribou numbers first peaked and later declined. Pregnancy rates were inversely related to herd size in both herds. Vegetation quality (NDVI) in June was significantly related to body proteins in the fall. Albeit unusual for a northern ungulate, body fat increased from fall to spring in the George herd. We conclude that a relatively small and highly grazed summer range, as well as density-dependent effects, affected summer nutrition and the need to continue lipogenesis during winter.

scholarly journals Fibrin Glue Does Not Improve Healing of Gastrointestinal Anastomoses: A Systematic Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyge Nordentoft ◽  
Hans-Christian Pommergaard ◽  
Jacob Rosenberg ◽  
Michael Patrick Achiam
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Fibrin Glue ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Gastrointestinal Surgery ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Positive Effect

Background/Aim: Anastomotic leakage remains a frequent and serious complication in gastrointestinal surgery. In order to reduce its incidence, several clinical and experimental studies on anastomotic sealing have been performed. In a number of these studies, the sealing material has been fibrin glue (FG), and the results in individual studies have been varying. The positive effect of anastomotic sealing with FG might be due to the mechanical/physical properties, the increased healing of the anastomoses or both. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the existing evidence on the healing effects of FG on gastrointestinal anastomoses. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and the Cochrane databases were searched for studies evaluating the healing process of gastrointestinal anastomoses after any kind of FG application. The search period was from 1953 to December 2013. Results: Twenty-eight studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. These studies were all experimental studies, since no human studies used histological or biochemical evaluation of healing. In 7 of the 28 studies, a positive effect of FG on healing was found, while 8 studies reported a negative effect and 11 studies found no effect. Furthermore, 2 studies reported unclear results. The difference in the study outcome was independent of the study design and the type of FG used. Conclusion: In the available studies, FG did not consistently have a positive influence on the healing of gastrointestinal anastomoses. It is consequently plausible that the positive effect of FG sealing of gastrointestinal anastomoses, if there is any, may be due to a mechanical sealing effect rather than due to improved healing per se.

scholarly journals Effects of Facial Skin Smoothness and Blemishes on Trait Impressions

Perception ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 608-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Jaeger ◽  
Fieke M. A. Wagemans ◽  
Anthony M. Evans ◽  
Ilja van Beest
Keyword(s):  
Negative Influence ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Facial Skin ◽  
Social Approach ◽  
Approach And Avoidance ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Smooth Skin ◽  
Trait Inferences ◽  
Trait Impressions ◽  
Positive Effect

People make trait inferences based on facial appearance, and these inferences guide social approach and avoidance. Here, we investigate the effects of textural features on trait impressions from faces. In contrast to previous work, which exclusively manipulated skin smoothness, we manipulated smoothness and the presence of skin blemishes independently (Study 1) and orthogonally (Study 2). We hypothesized that people are particularly sensitive to skin blemishes because blemishes potentially indicate poor health and the presence of an infectious disease. We therefore predicted that the negative effect of blemished skin is stronger than the positive effect of smoothed skin. The results of both studies are in line with this reasoning. Across ratings of trustworthiness, competence, maturity, attractiveness, and health, the negative influence of skin blemishes was stronger and more consistent than the positive influence of skin smoothness (Study 1). Moreover, the presence of skin blemishes diminished the positive effect of skin smoothness on attractiveness ratings (Study 2). In sum, both facial skin blemishes and facial skin smoothness influence trait impression, but the negative effect of blemished skin is larger and more salient than the positive effect of smooth skin.

scholarly journals Effects of Traditional and Social Media on Political Trust

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-135
Author(s):  
Martín Echeverría ◽  
Evelia Mani
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
News Media ◽  
Political Trust ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Traditional Media ◽  
Misleading Information ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

Political trust is essential for a democratic regime to work, and a declining asset in Western countries. It has been confirmed theoretically and empirically that news media are an important source of influence on political trust, though literature have not considered social media, in which the circulation of false or misleading information, and propaganda, might have a negative effect on political trust, to be relevant channels of news consumption. In order to explore the effect of social media on political trust in comparison with that of traditional media, an ANOVA test and hierarchical multiple linear regression models were run on a three-wave panel survey, during the presidential elections of 2018 (N = 701) in Mexico. The findings indicate that the election campaign had a positive effect on institutional trust, growing as the campaign developed, and that there was a positive influence from social media, followed by television.

scholarly journals MASIH TEPATKAH ROA SEBAGAI PENGUKURAN KINERJA KEUANGAN INDUSTRI ASURANSI DI INDONESIA?

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Oyo Sukarya ◽  
Farah Margaretha
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
External Factor ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
The Other ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Significant Positive Influence

<p><em>The problem of this research was</em><em> the determinants of financial performance in insurance company in indonesia, both of internal and external factor. There are some factor</em><em>s</em><em> that influence positively and the other side  influence</em><em>s n</em><em>egatively on the financial performance.</em><em> </em><em>The objectives of this research was</em><em> </em><em>to examine the factors that affect the financial performance of insurance companies in Indonesia, which </em><em>was </em><em>viewed from profitability</em><em>. The methodology of this research was</em><strong><em> </em></strong><em>multiple regression. The object of research is 64 insurance companies listed in Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK) period 2011-2015.</em><em> Finding and contribution in this research</em><strong><em> </em></strong><em>showed that leverage, equity, and management competence index proved to have a significant positive influence, </em><em>on </em><em>size, ownership and age</em><em>, and they were</em><em> proved to have a significant negative effect on retention ratio had a non-significant positive effect, and Underwriting Risk negatively influenced insignificantly into financial performace (ROA).</em><em> I</em><em>mplication in this research was</em><strong><em> </em></strong><em>that companies need to monitor the fluctuation of leverage and Equity, that positively influence</em><em> the financial performance</em><em>, </em><em>w</em><em>here leverage  depend</em><em>s</em><em> on ratio of debt to equity. In addition assets and ownership negatively affect</em><em> financial performance</em><em>, in order to monitor </em><em>the i</em><em>increase in line with the profit increase.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals Akad Wakâlah dan Samsarah sebagai Solusi atas Klaim Keharaman Dropship dalam Jual Beli Online

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Ika Yunia Fauzia
Keyword(s):  
Positive Influence ◽  
Female Entrepreneurs ◽  
The Past ◽  
New Business ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Online Business ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Positive Effect

<p>Online business (selling-buying) has become prominent in the past few years ago as demand increases. This kind of business forms a positive effect of the development of internet which produces new business-men. Along with the development of online business, there emerges dropship system which is mostly undertaken by female entrepreneurs. Despite its negative effect, dropship system has positive influence, i.e. creating positive activities for women and therefore empowering them. The polemics of dropship is still going on. According to some Muslim jurists, dropship is forbidden (<em>harâm</em>) because the practicioners of this system sell items only from picture. Moreover, the items sold have not been the property of the practicioners. This article deals with the benefit of <em>wakâlah</em> and <em>samsarah</em> contract used to accommodate the dropship system. The specification of both contracts is explained in detail in order for this system to be undertaken as wakalah and samsarah contract. The practicioners of dropship as <em>wâkil</em>, and suppliers as <em>muwakkil</em>, or the practicioners of dropship as <em>simsâr</em> with some conditions that should be accorded to the contract in the beginning of transaction.</p>

scholarly journals PENDEKATAN PSIKOLOGIS DALAM MENDAPATKAN KEPERCAYAAN KONSUMEN DARI KEGAGALAN PELAYANAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-92
Author(s):  
WAODE MARATUN SHALEHA ◽  
AL ASY ARI ADNAN HAKIM ◽  
SELVI DILIYANTI RIZKI
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Repurchase Intention ◽  
Perceived Justice ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Value Co-cration on Perceived Justice, to determine the effect of Service Recovery on Perceived Justice, to determine the effect of Perceived Justice on Emotions and to determine the effect of Emotions on Repurchase Intentios. The sampling technique in this research is judgmental sample. This research was conducted for three months by distributing questionnaires via google form. The number of samples in this study were 300 respondents. The analytical tool used is SEM (Structural Equation Modeling). The results of this study are Utilitarian Value has a positive effect on Perceived Justice. Hedonic value has a negative effect on perceived justice, Making an Apology has a positive influence on perceived justice, Problem Solving has a positive influence on perceived justice, Being Courteous has a positive influence on perceived justice, Providing an explanation has a positive influence on perceived justice, Prompt Handling has Positive influence on the variable Perceived Justice, Perceived Justice has a negative effect on Negative Emotion, Perceived justice has a positive effect on positive emotions, Negative Emotion has a positive effect on Repurchase Intention and Positive Emotion has a positive effect on Repurchase Intention.

scholarly journals KARAKTERISTIK PERUSAHAAN, TATA KELOLA PERUSAHAAN DAN MANAJEMEN LABA

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 229
Author(s):  
Ardiana Luthvita Sari
Keyword(s):  
Earnings Management ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Board Composition ◽  
Committee Meeting ◽  
Significant Negative Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Significant Positive Influence ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This study examines the effect of audit committee expertise, audit committee meeting frequency, audit committee size, commissioner board expertise, board composition, firm size, leverage, auditor reputation, to earnings management. Earnings management is the selection of accounting policies by managers for personal purposes at the expense of shareholders' interests. This study predicts the better the audit committee skills the lower the earnings management. The more often the audit committee holds the frequency of meetings, the less profit management. The larger the audit committee size the lower the earnings management. The more the board of commissioners the lower the profit management. The more members of the board composition the lower the earnings management. The more sizes the higher the profit management. The higher the leverage the higher the profit management. The reputation of the auditor negatively affects earnings management. The results showed that: 1) There was a significant positive influence between Audit Committee Skills on earnings management. 2) Frequency Audit Committee meetings have a significant negative effect on earnings management. 3) The size of Audit Committee has a significant negative effect on earnings management. 4) The Board of Commissioners' expertise has a significant negative effect on earnings management. 5) The composition of the Board of Commissioners has a significant positive effect on earnings management. 6) Size (Size Company) have a significant effect on earnings management. 7) DER (Leverage) has no significant effect on earnings management. 8) Reputation Auditors have no significant effect on earnings management. Abstrak Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh keahlian komite audit, frekwensi rapat komite audit, ukuran komite audit, keahlian dewan komisaris, komposisi dewan komisaris, ukuran perusahaan, leverage, reputasi auditor, terhadap manajemen laba. Manajemen laba merupakan pemilihan kebijakan akuntansi oleh manajer untuk tujuan pribadi dengan mengorbankan kepentingan pemegang saham. Penelitian ini memprediksi semakin baik keahlian komite audit semakin rendah manajemen laba. Semakin sering komite audit mengadakan frekuensi rapat maka semakin menurun manajemen laba. Semakin besar ukuran komite audit maka semakin rendah manajemen laba. Semakin ahli dewan komisaris maka semakin rendah manajemen laba. Semakin banyak anggota komposisi dewan komisaris maka semakin rendah manajemen laba. Semakin bersar ukuran maka semakin tinggi manajemen laba. Semakin tinggi leverage maka semakin tinggi manajemen laba. Reputasi auditor berpengaruh negatif terhadap manajemen laba. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Terdapat pengaruh positif signifikan antara Keahlian Komite audit terhadap manajemen laba. 2) Frekuensi Rapat komite audit berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. 3) Ukuran Komite Audit berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. 4) Keahlian Dewan Komisaris berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. 5) Komposisi Dewan Komisaris berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. 6) Ukuran Perusahaan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. 7) DER (Leverage) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. 8) Reputasi Auditor tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba.

scholarly journals The influence of Person-Job Fit on burnout and work engagement

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 535-556
Author(s):  
Changgoo Heo ◽  
KangHyun Shin
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Elevated Level ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Job Fit ◽  
Moderating Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Good Relation ◽  
Positive Effect

This study was conducted to identify the effects of P-J Fit on burnout and work engagement in a sample of 382 employees from major company. The present study attempted to find out the influences of LMX to burnout and engagement and verify the moderating effects of LMX on the influences. The results showed that P-J Fit reduced level of burnout and elevated level of work engagement and the influences were statistically significant. It means that positive influence of P-J Fit which verified in many previous researches was also founded in burnout and engagement. Next, we found that these positive effects of P-J Fit were moderated by LMX. In other words, LMX were enhancing the positive effect of P-J Fit to engagement and negative effect to burnout. It implies that people who have good relation to their superiors feel less burnout due to P-J Unfit and feel more engagement due to P-J Fit. So, the relations between people in company are as important as job characteristics for human resource management. Finally, Implications and limitations of this study are discussed.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Opini Audit dan Audit Delay Pada Auditor Switching dengan Karakteristik Komite Audit Sebagai Pemoderasi

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1965
Author(s):  
Gusti Ngurah Made Dwiphayana ◽  
I Dewa Gede Dharma Suputra
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Audit Opinion ◽  
Auditor Switching ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect

This study aims to examine the effect of audit opinion and audit delay on auditor switching and how the characteristics of the audit committee are able to moderate the influence of audit opinion and audit delay on auditor turnover. Determination of sample using purposive sampling method with samples of 120 companies. The data analysis technique used is logistic regression analysis and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results of the study show that audit opinion has a negative effect on auditor turnover, while audit delay has a positive effect on auditor turnover. The characteristics of the audit committee are able to weaken the positive influence of audit delay on auditor switching. But the characteristics of the audit committee are not able to moderate the influence of the audit opinion on the auditor switching. Keywords : Audit opinion, audit delay, audit committee, auditor switching.

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