Does food abundance explain altitudinal migration in a tropical frugivorous bird?

2010 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. A. Boyle
Keyword(s):  
Food Abundance ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Frugivorous Birds ◽  
Fruit Abundance ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Altitudinal Migration ◽  
Fundamental Causes ◽  
Frugivorous Bird ◽  
Migratory Cycle ◽  
Migratory Movements

Many animals undergo annual migrations. These movements are well studied at proximate levels, but their fundamental causes are poorly understood. Among tropical frugivorous birds, annual migration is thought to have evolved in the context of exploiting reciprocal peaks in fruit abundance among locations and seasons, yet previous tests of this hypothesis have yielded equivocal results. In this paper, I tested whether protein and (or) fruit limitation explain both uphill and downhill migratory movements in a tropical frugivorous bird, the White-ruffed Manakin ( Corapipo altera Hellmayer, 1906). While White-ruffed Manakins likely migrate uphill to exploit peaks in fruit abundance, I found no evidence that elevational differences in fruit abundance explain the downhill portion of the migratory cycle. This result challenges long-standing ideas regarding the causes of altitudinal migration because it implies that birds seeking to maximize fruit intake should remain sedentary at higher elevations. Data are also inconsistent with the hypothesis that White-ruffed Manakins migrate (either uphill or downhill) to exploit arthropod prey. Future studies should consider how variation in weather, predators, or parasites could help explain altitudinal migrations of birds from breeding areas to nonbreeding areas.

Habitat and fig characteristics influence the bird assemblage and network properties of fig trees from Xishuangbanna, South-West China

2009 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawat Sanitjan ◽  
Jin Chen
Keyword(s):  
Forest Type ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Frugivorous Birds ◽  
Open Forest ◽  
Canopy Volume ◽  
Frugivorous Bird ◽  
Network Properties ◽  
Fig Trees ◽  
Individual Trees

Abstract:To understand how fruit tree characteristics and microhabitats shape the assemblage of birds on fig trees and the pattern of fig–bird interactions, we observed and recorded, over 96 d and 816 h, the frugivorous birds visiting 32 individual trees belonging to 14 species of Ficus that were distributed across four different sites. A total of 30 bird species were recorded as eating figs, comprising 66.7% of the total number of frugivorous bird species recorded at the four sites. Small passerine birds such as bulbuls were the dominant frugivores for fig species. The number of bird species visiting different fig trees was significantly influenced by the crop size and canopy volume. Fruit colour and fruit size did not significantly influence the number of bird species, whereas habitats appeared to influence the composition of visiting birds. The fig–frugivorous bird interaction was asymmetrically structured, and the degree of nestedness appeared to be influenced by the forest type and degree of disturbance: the degree of nestedness in non-limestone forest tended to be higher than limestone forest; forest with less disturbance tend to be more nested compared with the open forest with high disturbance.

scholarly journals Assessing the use of rivers as migratory corridors for temperate bats

2020 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 448-454
Author(s):  
Kevin M Cortes ◽  
Erin H Gillam
Keyword(s):  
Movement Patterns ◽  
Missouri River ◽  
Migratory Behavior ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Major River ◽  
Bat Migration ◽  
Oriented Parallel ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Migratory Movements ◽  
River Corridor

Abstract Investigating landscape-level movement patterns of migratory animals can be challenging, but this is a major component of some animal’s life history and behavior. In particular, bat migration has been difficult to characterize, yet recent research on bat migratory ecology has made major advances. It has been largely accepted that rivers and other linear landscape features may be important migratory corridors for bats during both long- and short-distance migrations. We assessed the migratory behavior of multiple temperate bat species along the Missouri River, a major river corridor in North Dakota, during March through October of 2016–2017. Bat detectors with paired microphones were deployed and oriented parallel to the riverbank. This configuration permitted detection of directional passes of bats, approximately 10–20 m above the microphones and 40 m into the river, which were used as an estimate of migratory behavior. We found the effects of season and species explained less than 2% of the variation of directional passes, indicating an absence of season-specific movement patterns along the studied river corridor. Although our study only assessed a portion of a major river corridor, the results suggest that migratory movements of bats along rivers may not be as straightforward as once thought, highlighting the need for future studies investigating the fine-scaled movement patterns of bats during migration.

scholarly journals Healthy eating index and different fruit dietary habits in Slovak adult female

10.5219/1010 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Katarína Fatrcová-Šramková ◽  
Marianna Schwarzová ◽  
Tünde Juríková
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Slovak Population ◽  
The Individual

The healthy index is a tool for evaluation of nutrition recommendation aimed at prevention of chronic diseases. A lot of studies have been devoted to HEI of different aged groups of people but dates about Slovak population have been still missed. The goal of the study was to evaluate the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) in nutrition of adult female, determine their components in relation of parameters of anthropometry and body composition. Secondly, the research work was also aimed at the comparison of partial score HEI among groups of female with different fruit intake. Daily nutrition was evaluated by 24 hours dietary recalls. In set of female (average age 31.1 ±9.1 years) the average HEI index reached up 53.0 ±8.8 points in accord with medium degree of diet, it means dietary improvement has been highly recommended. In respect of all assayed components of index the best results achieved the variety of diet (8.8 ±1.3 points) and the worst the natrium intake (0.7 ±2.0 points). The average score for the individual components pointed to neccesary of increase in the grain intake and vegetable, on the other hand the intake of cholesterol, saturated fats and especially natrium should be decreased. The differences between groups with various intake of fruit (with recommended intake and insufficient intake) in the rest 9 components have not been proved as significant. The occurrence of risk values of body index, body fats determined by bioelectric impedance and android risk based on circumference of hips can not be considered between groups as significant. Average HEI has been in significance correlation with age (r = 0.240; p <0.05), circumference of hips (r = 0.2312; p <0.05) and body weight r = 0.1748; p <0.05). Future studies have been needed to evaluate diet according to the HEI in different groups of population in Slovakia.

Fruits of Melastomataceae: phenology in Andean forest and role as a food resource for birds

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita M. Kessler-Rios ◽  
Gustavo H. Kattan
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Forest ◽  
Food Resource ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Frugivorous Birds ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Fruit Abundance ◽  
Colombian Andes ◽  
Evolutionary Response

Abstract:The fruits of Melastomataceae are consumed by many Neotropical frugivorous birds. Several studies have reported segregated fruiting seasons of melastomes, but this pattern is not widespread. The segregated fruiting phenologies of congeneric sympatric species may be an evolutionary response to reduce competition for seed dispersers. Alternatively, aggregated fruiting phenologies may be favoured if local fruit abundance attracts more frugivores, thus enhancing seed dispersal. We monitored melastome fruiting in transects over a 2-y period at a cloud-forest site in the Colombian Andes. Fruiting periods of nine melastome species were aggregated and fruiting peaks coincided with rainy seasons. In a separate 6-mo study, observations at focal plants revealed that 47 of 61 bird species fed on 10 species of melastome, representing 37.4% of feeding events observed. Melastomes were consumed by birds in a higher proportion than expected from their availability and peak melastome fruit abundance coincided with the breeding season of the frugivore community, when melastomes constituted 54% of feeding records. Melastomes interact with a large number of bird species throughout their annual cycles, and seem to constitute pivotal elements that sustain the frugivore community in montane forests.

scholarly journals Projected impacts of climate change on functional diversity of frugivorous birds along a tropical elevational gradient

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene M. A. Bender ◽  
W. Daniel Kissling ◽  
Katrin Böhning-Gaese ◽  
Isabell Hensen ◽  
Ingolf Kühn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Functional Diversity ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Elevational Gradient ◽  
Frugivorous Birds ◽  
Bird Assemblages ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Frugivorous Bird ◽  
Functional Dispersion

AbstractClimate change forces many species to move their ranges to higher latitudes or elevations. Resulting immigration or emigration of species might lead to functional changes, e.g., in the trait distribution and composition of ecological assemblages. Here, we combined approaches from biogeography (species distribution models; SDMs) and community ecology (functional diversity) to investigate potential effects of climate-driven range changes on frugivorous bird assemblages along a 3000 m elevational gradient in the tropical Andes. We used SDMs to model current and projected future occurrence probabilities of frugivorous bird species from the lowlands to the tree line. SDM-derived probabilities of occurrence were combined with traits relevant for seed dispersal of fleshy-fruited plants to calculate functional dispersion (FDis; a measure of functional diversity) for current and future bird assemblages. Comparisons of FDis between current and projected future assemblages showed consistent results across four dispersal scenarios, five climate models and two representative concentration pathways. Projections indicated a decrease of FDis in the lowlands, an increase of FDis at lower mid-elevations and little changes at high elevations. This suggests that functional dispersion responds differently to global warming at different elevational levels, likely modifying avian seed dispersal functions and plant regeneration in forest ecosystems along tropical mountains.

scholarly journals Fruit abundance and trait matching determine diet type and body condition across frugivorous bird populations

Oikos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan P. González‐Varo ◽  
Alejandro Onrubia ◽  
Néstor Pérez‐Méndez ◽  
Rubén Tarifa ◽  
Juan C. Illera
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Fruit Abundance ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Frugivorous Bird ◽  
Diet Type

scholarly journals Decadal persistence of frugivorous birds in tropical forest fragments of northern Paraná

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Zaiden ◽  
Fernanda Cristina Marques ◽  
Hugo Reis Medeiros ◽  
Luiz dos Anjos
Keyword(s):  
Bird Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Frugivorous Birds ◽  
Point Counts ◽  
Bird Populations ◽  
Frugivorous Bird ◽  
Line Transects ◽  
Extinction Events

Forest fragmentation is a major cause of loss of species. We evaluated the local extinction of medium-large frugivorous bird species in six forest fragments of northern Paraná: the Parque Estadual Mata dos Godoy (PEMG), the largest and most preserved forest fragment in the region, and five other fragments. Fixed-width point counts and line transects were conducted along trails in the PEMG for 10 days: from September 2010 to March 2011, and from August 2011 to November 2011. Avian surveys in each of the other forest fragments were made over four days from October to December 2011. We compared data with a previous census carried out 10 years earlier. No extinction events were recorded from the PEMG. However, the relative abundance of species significantly changed during the ten years between surveys. In all the other forest fragments at least two frugivorous bird species disappeared, and in some as many as seven. Protecting the PEMG is crucial for the maintenance of frugivorous bird populations in our studied landscape.

scholarly journals Spatio-temporal ecological niche modelling of multigenerational insect migrations

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1910) ◽  
pp. 20191583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Menchetti ◽  
Maya Guéguen ◽  
Gerard Talavera
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
Temporal Dimension ◽  
Breeding Sites ◽  
Equatorial Africa ◽  
Bioclimatic Variables ◽  
Migratory Cycle ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Successive Generations ◽  
Migratory Movements

Modelling ecological niches of migratory animals requires incorporating a temporal dimension, in addition to space. Here, we introduce an approach to model multigenerational migratory insects using time-partitioned environmental variables (by months and years) and time- and behaviour-partitioned records (breeding records to model reproductive habitat). We apply this methodology to modelling the Palearctic-African migratory cycle of the Painted Lady butterfly ( Vanessa cardui ), based on data encompassing 36 years (646 breeding sites from 30 countries). Each breeding record is linked to a particular time (month and year), and the associated values of the bioclimatic variables are used for an ensemble modelling strategy, to finally obtain monthly projections. The results show obligated movements, mostly latitudinal, for the species' successive generations across the overall range, and only scattered locations show high probabilities of reproduction year-round. The southernmost reproductive areas estimated for the Palearctic-African migratory pool reach equatorial latitudes from December to February. We thus propose a potential distribution for the winter ‘missing generations' that would expand the V. cardui migration cycle to encompass about 15 000 km in latitude, from northernmost Europe to equatorial Africa. In summer, Europe represents the major temporary resource for V. cardui , while January and February show the lowest overall suitability values, and they are potentially the most vulnerable period for the species to suffer yearly bottlenecks. In summary, we demonstrate the potential of the proposed niche modelling strategy to investigate migratory movements of insects.

scholarly journals The effect of climate change on laying dates, clutch size and productivity of Eurasian Coots Fulica atra

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1857-1863
Author(s):  
Lucyna Halupka ◽  
Beata Czyż ◽  
Carlos Moises Macias Dominguez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Clutch Size ◽  
Breeding Season ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Temporal Changes ◽  
Food Abundance ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Fulica Atra ◽  
Living Organisms

Abstract Climate change is affecting many living organisms; however, the responses of many of them remain unknown. In this paper, we present the results regarding the response of a bird species from the rallid family to the increased temperatures during the breeding season. We analysed the breeding data of Eurasian Coots nesting during 30 seasons between 1972 and 2019. During the study period, mean temperatures in April, the month when Coots start nesting, increased by 3.5 °C, and in months corresponding with the species breeding season by 2.6 °C. Breeding Coots advanced their earliest and median laying dates across the study period; however, the duration of their breeding season remained unchanged. We did not detect any significant temporal changes in clutch size, but clutches have become much more variable in size throughout the study period. Nest failures and production of offspring per nest did not change over the study period; however, the production of young per successful nest significantly declined. It is likely that this decline is the effect of mismatch between the period of food abundance (dipterans collected from water), and hatchling emergence, which is advanced due to change in climate. Future studies investigating the occurrence of dipteran resources at water bodies are needed to test this hypothesis.

Food abundance determines distribution and density of a frugivorous bird across seasons

Oikos ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa H. Crampton ◽  
William S. Longland ◽  
Dennis D. Murphy ◽  
James S. Sedinger
Keyword(s):  
Food Abundance ◽  
Frugivorous Bird
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