Size and spacing of grouse leks: comparing capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) in two contrasting Eurasian boreal forest landscapes

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (11) ◽  
pp. 1032-1043 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jørund Rolstad ◽  
Per Wegge ◽  
Andrey V. Sivkov ◽  
Olav Hjeljord ◽  
Ken Olaf Storaunet
Keyword(s):  
Forest Dynamics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Tetrao Urogallus ◽  
Black Grouse ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Social Attraction ◽  
Tetrao Tetrix ◽  
Habitat Affinities

Capercaillie ( Tetrao urogallus L., 1758) and black grouse ( Tetrao tetrix L., 1758 (= Lyrurus tetrix (L., 1758))) are two sympatric Eurasian lekking grouse species that differ markedly in habitat affinities and social organization. We examined how size and spacing of leks in pristine (Russia) and managed (Norway) forests were related to habitat and social behavior. Leks of both species were larger and spaced farther apart in the pristine landscape. Capercaillie leks were regularly spaced at 2–3 km distance, increasing with lek size, which in turn was positively related to the amount of middle-aged and older forests in the surrounding area. Black grouse leks were irregularly distributed at shorter distances of 1–2 km, with lek size explained by the size of the open bog arena and the amount of open habitat in the surroundings. At the landscape scale, spatial distribution of open bogs and social attraction among male black grouse caused leks to be more aggregated, whereas mutual avoidance in male capercaillie caused leks to be spaced out. In the pristine landscape, large-scale and long-term changes in forest dynamics owing to wildfires, combined with an aggregated pattern of huge bog complexes, presumably provide both grouse species with enough time and space to build up bigger lek populations than in the managed landscape.

scholarly journals Molecular analysis of cox-1 and 18S rRNA gene fragments of Eimeria species isolated from endangered grouse: capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and black grouse (Tetrao tetrix)

2018 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-468
Author(s):  
Tomasz Stenzel ◽  
Daria Dziewulska ◽  
Maria Michalczyk ◽  
Dorota B. Ławreszuk ◽  
Andrzej Koncicki
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
18S Rrna ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
18S Rrna Gene ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Tetrao Urogallus ◽  
Black Grouse ◽  
Tetrao Tetrix ◽  
Cox 1

Effects of fuelwood harvesting on biodiversity — a review focused on the situation in Europe1This article is one of a selection of papers from the International Symposium on Dynamics and Ecological Services of Deadwood in Forest Ecosystems.

2012 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1421-1432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Bouget ◽  
Aurore Lassauce ◽  
Mats Jonsell
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Landscape Scale ◽  
Peak Oil ◽  
Forest Ownership ◽  
Forest Practices ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
Selection Of

A continually increasing demand for energy and concerns about climate change, greenhouse gas emissions and peak oil have prompted countries to develop policies that promote renewable energy including forest-based bioenergy. In Europe, fuelwood-driven changes in forestry are likely to impact habitat conditions for forest biodiversity. We conducted a systematic literature overview based on 88 papers to synthesize research findings and gaps in knowledge. At the stand scale, but also on a landscape scale, deadwood availability and profile are altered by several practices: whole-tree harvesting and postharvest recovery of logging residues and stumps, for instance. Large-scale fuelwood removal may, on a landscape scale, jeopardize the amounts and diversity of substrate that saproxylic organisms require as food and habitat. Besides, bioenergy-related forest practices also affect nonsaproxylic biodiversity through physical (e.g., soil compaction and disturbance) and chemical changes in soil properties associated with fuelwood removal and increased machine traffic. Moreover, the extended density of internal edges threatens interior forest species populations. Important effects differ substantially between boreal and nemoral forests because of contrasts in management systems, structure of forest ownership, and ecological properties. Developing relevant operational guidelines to partially mitigate ecological damage on biodiversity should be based on our compiled cautionary statements but require further large-scale and long-term research.

scholarly journals A reference allelic ladder for Western Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and Black Grouse (Tetrao tetrix) enables linking grouse genetic data across studies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipp Andesner ◽  
Stephanie Vallant ◽  
Thomas Seeber ◽  
Reinhard Lentner ◽  
Wolfgang Arthofer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Management ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Monitoring And Evaluation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
Tetrao Urogallus ◽  
Black Grouse ◽  
Allelic Ladder ◽  
Tetrao Tetrix ◽  
Ssr Analysis

AbstractRapid anthropogenic climate change and progressing habitat degradation are considered top threats to biodiversity. The employment of demanding umbrella species as indicators for ecosystem health is a popular and cost-effective strategy that facilitates continuous monitoring and evaluation within a long-term conservation management scheme. The Western Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and the Black Grouse (Tetrao tetrix) are both considered viable candidates due to their extensive habitat requirements, the possibility for conservative, non-invasive sampling, and their broad popular appeal. Regional population surveys based on genetic data from Short Sequence Repeat (SSR) analysis are being conducted throughout the Palearctic. However, to ensure reliable comparability among laboratories, standardization is required. Here, we report a catalogue of fifty fully characterized reference alleles from twelve SSR loci and the construction of a customizable allelic ladder for genotyping and individualization in Western Capercaillie and Black Grouse. This methodological improvement will help to cost-efficiently generate and collate supraregional data from different grouse surveys and thereby contribute to conservation management. Reference alleles and ladders can be obtained on demand.

scholarly journals Waldentwicklung und flachgründige Rutschungen: eine grossflächige GIS-Analyse

2019 ◽  
Vol 170 (6) ◽  
pp. 318-325
Author(s):  
Peter Bebi ◽  
Alexander Bast ◽  
Christian Ginzler ◽  
Christian Rickli ◽  
Kevin Schöngrundner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Forest Dynamics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Shallow Landslides ◽  
Natural Disturbances ◽  
Natural Event ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Spatial Data Sets ◽  
Young Forests

Forest dynamics and shallow landslides: a large-scale GIS-analysis Through continuous and abrupt changes in the forest and particularly in its root area, the disposition for shallow landslides also changes. The aim of this article is to learn more about the relationships between long-term forest dynamics and the risk of landslides with the help of large spatial data sets. A total of 6670 shallow landslides were selected from the natural event register StorMe, the event register of the Canton of Obwalden and the WSL database for shallow landslides and slope debris flows and overlaid with GIS data on the current and former forest situation (Siegfried maps of approx. 1880) and with windthrow areas (Vivian and Lothar). Shallow landslides occurred less frequently in the forest than outside of it at inclinations of less than 35 degrees. Higher landslide densities occurred in coniferous and mixed forests (compared to deciduous forests) and in relatively young forests (ingrown after 1880). Landslides in younger forests occurred on slopes less steep than in older forests. More shallow landslides occurred on former windthrow areas during the first 3 to 17 years after the event, however these landslides occurred on comparatively steep slopes. The analyses show that the disposition towards shallow landslides defined by slope inclination and subsoil can change strongly due to reforestation processes and natural disturbances. Silvicultural interventions may contribute to an improvement of the protective effect in the long term if they are carried out carefully and if they contribute to an increased adaptability to natural disturbances.

scholarly journals Monitoring black grouse Tetrao tetrix in Isère, northern French Alps: cofactors, population trends and potential biases

2019 ◽  
pp. 227-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Dumont ◽  
E. Lauer ◽  
S. Zimmermann ◽  
P. Roche ◽  
P. Auliac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Population Trend ◽  
Population Trends ◽  
Black Grouse ◽  
Winter Storm ◽  
Tetrao Tetrix ◽  
The Alps ◽  
Monitoring Protocols

Wildlife management benefits from studies that verify or improve the reliability of monitoring protocols. In this study in Isère, France, we tested for potential links between the abundance of black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) in lek–count surveys and cofactors (procedural, geographical and meteorological cofactors) between 1989 and 2016. We also examined the effect of omitting or considering the important cofactors on the long–term population trend that can be inferred from lek–count data. Model selections for data at hand highlighted that the abundance of black grouse was mainly linked to procedural cofactors, such as the number of observers, the time of first observation of a displaying male, the day, and the year of the count. Some additional factors relating to the surface of the census sector, temperature, northing, altitude and wind conditions also appeared depending on the spatial or temporal scale of the analysis. The inclusion of the important cofactors in models modulated the estimates of population trends. The results of the larger dataset highlighted a mean increase of +17 % (+5.3 %; +29 %) of the abundance of black grouse from 1997 to 2001, and a mean increase in population of +47 % (+16 %; +87 %) throughout the study period (1989–2016). We discuss the hypothesis of plausible links between this past increase in the number of black grouse and the ecological impact of the winter storm ‘Vivian’. Findings from our study and the ecological phenomena that were concomitant with the observed population trend provide opportunities to strengthen the monitoring and management of black grouse in the Alps.

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