Reproductive strategies in Akodon azarae (Rodentia, Muridae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (10) ◽  
pp. 1572-1577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga V Suárez ◽  
María Busch ◽  
Fernando O Kravetz
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Reproductive Value ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Akodon Azarae

The balance between litter size and the quality of offspring is a central feature to many optimal litter-size theories. We analyzed the reproductive strategies of Akodon azarae (Fischer, 1829) females, according to maternal life histories and the time of birth. Litter size decreased significantly from spring to autumn. A significant birth–season effect on mass at birth was observed. A compensatory effect of growth rate was evident during lactation. During spring and early summer, over-wintered females produced an average of 5 young, with maximum survival at weaning (100%). Females born during the current reproductive season showed a smaller litter size, probably because they favor residual reproductive value with respect to current reproduction since they have a higher life expectancy and future chances of mating than over-wintered females. Mortality reached 50% at weaning for summer litters from young mothers, whereas it declined to 22.2% in autumn. Differences in both parental investment and offspring survival suggest that litter size in A. azarae varies along the reproductive period and is dependent both on females' life history and on environmental conditions.

Productivity and Pod Quality of Pea as Affected by some Growth Promoters under Early Summer Plantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 215-221
Author(s):  
M. Ramadan ◽  
M. Abd El-Wahed ◽  
Enas Bardisi
Keyword(s):  
Early Summer ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Pod Quality

scholarly journals Stigma and cystic fibrosis

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tainá Maues Peluci Pizzignacco ◽  
Débora Falleiros de Mello ◽  
Regina Aparecida Garcia de Lima
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Treatment Adherence ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Family Members

Cystic Fibrosis (CF), also known as Mucoviscidosis, is a chronic disease of autosomal recessive origin and so far incurable. This analysis considers some characteristics of patients and family members that indicate it is a stigmatizing disease. The CF stigma’s impact on the lives of children and adolescents can affect treatment adherence, socialization, family relationships and the formation of their life histories, with direct consequences on their quality of life.

Influence of litter size and breed of sire on carcass weight and quality of lambs

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Donald ◽  
J. L. Read ◽  
W. S. Russell
Keyword(s):  
Litter Size ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kidney Fat

SUMMARYIn order to obtain a wide range of live weights, two Oxford Down, two Southdown, and two Soay rams of recent feral origin, were used to sire lambs from 169 crossbred ewes. These ewes had been bred from Blackface ewes mated to Border Leicester, Dorset Hora, Clun Forest, Finnish Landrace and Tasmanian Merino rams. Of the 282 lambs weaned by the crossbred ewes, 61 were singles, 166 twins, 51 triplets and 4 quadruplets. Carcass data were obtained from all but three of them.Oxford Down cross lambs were, in terms of fitted values, 10 kg heavier and 4 days younger than Soay cross lambs and 6 kg heavier and 2 days younger than Southdown cross lambs when slaughtered. Twins and triplets were 1·4 and 2·1 kg, respectively, lighter than singles and were 37 and 58 days older than singles. Ewes of the heaviest groups produced heavier lambs in a shorter time than ewes of the lightest groups.The Soay cross lambs showed a higher killing-out percentage, less tail fat, and more kidney fat, than the Southdown and Oxford Down cross lambs.Carcass characters made little if any difference to the price paid for the lambs which depended mainly on weight. Receipts from lambs were highest when the most fertile ewes were mated to the largest rams.

scholarly journals Reproductive strategies of two Curimatidae species in a Mogi Guaçu impoundment, upper Paraná River basin, São Paulo, Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 847-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Peressin ◽  
Cristina da Silva Gonçalves ◽  
Francisco Manoel de Souza Braga
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition ◽  
Reproductive Strategies ◽  
Feeding Activity ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
The Body ◽  
Management Plans ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Upper Paraná River ◽  
Upper Paraná River Basin ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

Considering that reproduction studies are fundamental to understand the life cycle of organisms, this study aimed to investigate the reproductive strategies of saguirus Cyphocharax nagelii and Steindachnerina insculpta in a dam of Mogi Guaçu River, (SP). Specimens were collected between August 2005 and July 2006 using gillnets with mesh sizes ranging from 1.5 to 5.0 cm between adjacent knots. Reproductive dynamics, body condition, reproductive period, spawning type and fecundity were analyzed in both species. The body condition reflected the reproductive dynamics, and differed significantly between the wet and dry seasons. During the dry season, the feeding activity and the accumulation of fat in the visceral cavity were higher. The reproductive period of both species covered the months between August and February, with peaks in October and December, and the distribution of the diameters of oocytes allowed to classify them as total spawners. The fecundity increased with weight and length, reaching 28,800 and 27,906 oocytes per female for C. nagelii and S. insculpta, respectively, whereas the amplitude of oocyte diameters varied between 50-1025 µm for the former and 75-975 µm for the later species. Taking into account that species with different reproductive strategies also respond differently to environmental impacts, our findings provide important information to subsidize management plans for these curimatid species.

scholarly journals Impact of Multiple Sclerosis on Infertility and Impact of Infertility Treatments on Multiple Sclerosis Relapses in Slovenia: Medical Outline, Legal and Ethical Outcomes

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-172
Author(s):  
Eda Vrtačnik Bokal ◽  
Urban Vrtačnik
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Reproductive Period ◽  
Inflammatory Disorder ◽  
Infertility Treatments ◽  
Legal Outcomes ◽  
Significant Disability ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system. It is common in the reproductive period and can lead to infertility and significant disability. The treatment on multiple sclerosis is recently more successful and enables better quality of life, therefore rising hope and desire for future parents, also in terms of successful infertility treatments. In this context, the couples should be managed concerning the detrimental effect of the disease itself on fertility, detrimental effect of the drugs used for treatment on gonads and in terms of the implementation of drugs used for ovarian stimulation and their impact on the basic disease (MS). The article finds solutions on the legal outcomes in situations where infertility treatments may negatively impact the progress of MS, as well as the solutions on how to (successfully) provide infertility treatments to the patients with MS. It proposes interdisciplinary approach between gynaecologists and neurologists to perform required weighing of benefits and risks (burdens), deriving from specific action or treatment, whereas for the patients who shall not undergo infertility treatments due to their medical status, related to MS, it proposes storage of gametes under conditions, set by the law.

scholarly journals Akkaraman Koyunlarında Gebeliği Son Döneminde Yapılan Ek Yemlemenin Kuzularda Doğum ve Çeşitli Dönemlerdeki Canlı Ağırlıklar Üzerine Etkisi

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (11) ◽  
pp. 1353
Author(s):  
Emre Şirin ◽  
Ümit Uçan ◽  
Uğur Şen ◽  
Ercan Soydan
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Supplemental Feeding ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Birth Season ◽  
Birth Type

This study was carried out to determine of effect of supplemental feeding during the late gestation on birth and other weights of lambs from Akkaraman sheep breed raised in Kırşehir. Data were collected from 554 Akkaraman lambs from 580 Akkaraman sheep which were born during 2015 birth season. Akkaraman sheep were divided into two groups. Wheat straw is given to both groups during pregnancy. Supplemental feeding group group (EYG), was given to concentrated feed supplement (400 g/animal) in addition to wheat straw during the last gestation period. Control group (KG) was given only wheat straw during pregnancy. In this study, the live weights, survival rates of the lambs in various periods and reproductive traits of Akkaraman ewes were investigated. The averages of reproductive traits of Akkarman sheep such as sterility, fertility, twins, abortion, fecundity and litter size in EYG and KG groups were %12, %9, %86, %91, %13, %5, %2, %0, 0.96, 0.95 and 1.12, 1.04, respectively. The survival rates of lambs on 90th days and 150th days in EYG and KG groups were determined as 84, 80% and 91, 91%, respectively. The means of the birth, 90 and 150. days age live weights in EYG and KG groups were found as 5.82±0.06 kg, 30.94±0.44 kg, 34.47±0.44 kg and 3.43±0.04 kg, 30.17±0.04 kg, 30.96±0.38 kg respectively. The effects of supplemental feeding, sex and birth type were found to be significant on the 120. days age on birth and live weights of sheep. The effects of birth type were found to be significant on the 90. days age live weights of sheep. As a result, supplemental feeding during the late gestation are increased live weights.

Seed quality of the Sino–Himalayan endemic genus Cyananthus (Campanulaceae) increases with elevation and varies with life histories

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianguo Chen ◽  
Shuai Chang ◽  
Yang Niu ◽  
Zhimin Li ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Histories ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Endemic Genus

Influence of a reservoir with surface release on the life history of the mayfly Heterocloeon curiosum (McDunnough) (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae)

1981 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris C. Kondratieff ◽  
J. Reese Voshell Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Benthic Macroinvertebrates ◽  
Temperature Regime ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Larval Instars ◽  
History Of ◽  
Lake Anna

The life history of Heterocloeon curiosum was compared in the impounded North Anna River (NAR) and the free-flowing South Anna River (SAR) in Virginia, U.S.A. The study site on the NAR was 32 km below Lake Anna, a surface-release reservoir. Heterocloeon curiosum was bivoltine in both rivers with two summer generations and probable overwintering in the egg stage. It passed through 10 larval instars (range 9–12) in both rivers. The density of larvae was twice as great in the SAR as the NAR. Factors which may have contributed to the lesser success of H. curiosum in the NAR included bottom scouring produced by sudden increases in discharge, absence of the macrophyte Podostemum, quality of available food, and alterations of the temperature regime. Of these four factors, temperature probably had the most significant effect. The emergence of the second generation was 1 month later in the NAR because the reservoir delayed the normal seasonal cooling of the river. The nonoptimal temperature regime appeared to significantly reduce the fecundity of H. curiosum in the NAR. Our data indicate that surface-release reservoirs may have subtle but significant effects on the life histories of benthic macroinvertebrates.

Authenticity

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Graves-Brown
Keyword(s):  
Mass Production ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Late Modernity ◽  
Essential Problem

The concept of authenticity has changed considerably through time. Medieval authenticity depended upon faith; medieval texts were not authored but came from God. In pre-Modernist modernity, authenticity derived from sincerity; either through reference back to tradition of through a claim to a natural purity. In late modernity, the era of Modernism, authenticity is an experiential function; it is concerned with the pragmatic quality of things. This process is complicated by the fact that ideas of authenticity can be applied to both persons and things, and that in a world of mass production and commodity, the authentic and the unique are not necessarily the same. Most importantly, whilst inanimate things can have life histories or ‘biographies’, only persons can have autobiographies, in the sense that they become authentically themselves by creating their own precursors. The essential problem for persons in the Modernist era is to be coolly authentic despite the fact that counter-cultural cool is continually commoditized by the Man.

Performance of breeding ewes on lucerne-subterranean clover pastures

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 758 ◽  
Author(s):  
DG Hall ◽  
EC Wolfe ◽  
BR Cullis
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Sheep Production ◽  
Lamb Growth

Pasture production, ewe and lamb growth, ewe wool production and diet quality were studied on lucerne-subterranean clover pastures at Wagga Wagga, New South Wales. Lucerne was sown at rates of 0.75 to 3.0 kg/ha, and the pastures were rotationally grazed with Border Leicester x Merino ewes at 9.6 or 12.7 sheep/ha, the ewes lambing in August- September. Lucerne density declined by 45% over the 3 years on all treatments. The clover cultivar sown, Woogenellup, had low persistence, particularly at 12.7 sheep/ha. The density of lucerne had little effect on annual wool and lamb production, although the ewes grew faster on the denser lucerne in summer and the sparser lucerne in winter. At 12- 7 sheep/ha, there was an extra 19% total lamb weight by the end of November and an extra 22% of finer wool (1 �m) annually, but the fleeces had a higher proportion of wool tenderness. The major limitations of the lucerne-subterranean clover pastures to sheep production were the low quality of the diet in early summer, and low pasture production in late winter. In early summer the lucerne was rapidly consumed, leaving only moderate quality clover and grass residues, which limited lamb growth, while in winter pregnancy toxaemia occurred, fleeces were tender and wool growth was low, particularly during a drought in 1976.

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