Carbon stable isotopes: a tool for studying the mating, oviposition, and spatial distribution of races of European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis, among host plants in the field

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (7) ◽  
pp. 1177-1185 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Ponsard ◽  
M -T Bethenod ◽  
A Bontemps ◽  
L Pélozuelo ◽  
M -C Souqual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotopes ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Plant Type ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Adult Feeding ◽  
C Value

The European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner, 1796) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a polyphagous corn pest species that includes two host races: one feeding on corn (Zea mays L.) and one feeding on mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris L.) and hop (Humulus lupulus L.). Being able to determine the type of host plant on which field-caught moths fed as larvae would allow for the quantification of mating rates within and between races, as well as the quantification of the spatial distribution and oviposition of both races in the field. We found that stable carbon isotopes (δ;13C) are a reliable indicator of host-plant photosynthetic type (C3 or C4) regardless of adult food and intensity of metabolism; so even when food or metabolism had a significant effect on wing δ13C values, the magnitude of this effect was too small to obscure the signal characterizing host-plant type. Egg and spermatophore δ13C values similarly reflect female and male host-plant type, respectively, regardless of adult feeding. We found 224 host-plant species of O. nubilalis in the literature, including 19 species with C4-type photosynthesis. However, in temperate areas, corn is probably the only significant C4 source of adult moths. Accordingly, wing δ13C values were more variable in field-caught moths showing a typical C3-type δ13C value than in those showing a typical C4-type δ13C value.

scholarly journals Acclimations to Cold and Warm Conditions Differently Affect the Energy Metabolism of Diapausing Larvae of the European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis (Hbn.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Željko D. Popović ◽  
Vítězslav Maier ◽  
Miloš Avramov ◽  
Iva Uzelac ◽  
Snežana Gošić-Dondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Subsequent Increase ◽  
Corn Borer

The European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis is a pest species, whose fifth instar larvae gradually develop cold hardiness during diapause. The physiological changes underlying diapause progression and cold hardiness development are still insufficiently understood in insects. Here, we follow a complex of changes related to energy metabolism during cold acclimation (5°C) of diapausing larvae and compare this to warm-acclimated (22°C) and non-diapause controls. Capillary electrophoresis of nucleotides and coenzymes has shown that in gradually cold-acclimated groups concentrations of ATP/ADP and, consequently, energy charge slowly decrease during diapause, while the concentration of AMP increases, especially in the first months of diapause. Also, the activity of cytochrome c oxidase (COX), as well as the concentrations of NAD+ and GMP, decline in cold-acclimated groups, until the latter part of diapause, when they recover. Relative expression of NADH dehydrogenase (nd1), coenzyme Q-cytochrome c reductase (uqcr), COX, ATP synthase (atp), ADP/ATP translocase (ant), and prohibitin 2 (phb2) is supressed in cold-acclimated larvae during the first months of diapause and gradually increases toward the termination of diapause. Contrary to this, NADP+ and UMP levels significantly increased in the first few months of diapause, after gradual cold acclimation, which is in connection with the biosynthesis of cryoprotective molecules, as well as regeneration of small antioxidants. Our findings evidence the existence of a cold-induced energy-saving program that facilitates long-term maintenance of larval diapause, as well as gradual development of cold hardiness. In contrast, warm acclimation induced faster depletion of ATP, ADP, UMP, NAD+, and NADP+, as well as higher activity of COX and generally higher expression of all energy-related genes in comparison to cold-acclimated larvae. Moreover, such unusually high metabolic activity, driven by high temperatures, lead to premature mortality in the warm-acclimated group after 2 months of diapause. Thus, our findings strongly support the importance of low temperature exposure in early diapause for gradual cold hardiness acquisition, successful maintenance of the resting state and return to active development. Moreover, they demonstrate potentially adverse effects of global climate changes and subsequent increase in winter temperatures on cold-adapted terrestrial organisms in temperate and subpolar regions.

scholarly journals GENETIC ISOLATION BETWEEN TWO SYMPATRIC HOST-PLANT RACES OF THE EUROPEAN CORN BORER, OSTRINIA NUBILALIS HUBNER I. SEX PHEROMONE, MOTH EMERGENCE TIMING, AND PARASITISM

Evolution ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Thomas ◽  
Marie-Thérèse Bethenod ◽  
Laurent Pelozuelo ◽  
Brigitte Frérot ◽  
Denis Bourguet
Keyword(s):  
Sex Pheromone ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Genetic Isolation ◽  
Corn Borer

scholarly journals Host–plant diversity of the European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis : what value for sustainable transgenic insecticidal Bt maize?

2000 ◽  
Vol 267 (1449) ◽  
pp. 1177-1184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Bourguet ◽  
Marie Thérése Bethenod ◽  
Caroline Trouvé ◽  
Frédérique Viard
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Bt Maize ◽  
Corn Borer

Host-Plant Specialization in Pheromone Strains of the European Corn Borer Ostrinia nubilalis in France

2004 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Pelozuelo ◽  
C. Malosse ◽  
G. Genestier ◽  
H. Guenego ◽  
B. Frerot
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Host Plant Specialization

scholarly journals Evaluation of European Corn Borer Resistance in Hardy Chrysanthemum

1988 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
P. B. Schultz ◽  
M. A. Coffelt
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Resistance ◽  
Ostrinia Nubilalis ◽  
Host Plant Resistance ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Field Monitoring ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Positive Correlation

Resistance of 12 yellow and 12 bronze chrysanthemum cultivars to the European com borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner), was evaluated in laboratory studies. Yellow cultivars ‘Freedom’, ‘Classic’, ‘Compatriot’, and ‘Fortune’ and bronze cultivar ‘Pancho’ had significantly lower infestation percentages. In field monitoring of chrysanthemum grown in commercial nurseries, the cultivar ‘Fireside Cushion’ was significantly lower at both nurseries, with cultivars ‘Buckeye’, ‘Grenadine’, and ‘Viking’ also having significantly lower infestation percentages. A significant positive correlation between infestation levels and stem diameters indicated stem thickness may be an indicator of host plant resistance.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document