Body size, sexual dimorphism, and seasonal mass fluctuations in a larger sika deer subspecies, the Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis Heude, 1884)

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatsugu Suzuki ◽  
Manabu Onuma ◽  
Mayumi Yokoyama ◽  
Koich Kaji ◽  
Masami Yamanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Foot Length ◽  
Hind Foot ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Cervus Nippon Yesoensis

Measurements of shoulder height, body length, hind-foot length, and total body mass were collected from 309 Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis Heude, 1884) (115 males and 194 females) and analyzed statistically for sexual dimorphism and seasonal body mass fluctuations. The von Bertalanffy equation was fitted to the growth curves that resulted. Asymptotic shoulder height, body length, and hind-foot length were 106.2, 112.6, and 52.9 cm in males and 94.8, 103.9, and 49.4 cm in females, respectively. Total body mass showed distinct seasonal fluctuations, ranging between 102.8 and 151.0 kg in adult males and 68.0 and 99.8 kg in adult females. Male/female ratios in shoulder height, body length, hind-foot length, and total mass were 1.12, 1.08, 1.07, and 1.51, respectively. These results indicate that the Hokkaido sika deer is one of the largest subspecies, at least in skeleton size. A larger body and longer hind foot would seem to be evolutionary adaptations to Hokkaido's cold, snowy environment.

Body size, sexual dimorphism, and seasonal mass fluctuations in a larger sika deer subspecies, the Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis Heude, 1884)

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatsugu Suzuki ◽  
Manabu Onuma ◽  
Mayumi Yokoyama ◽  
Koich Kaji ◽  
Masami Yamanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Cervus Nippon Yesoensis

scholarly journals Sex Determination of Sika Deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) Using Nested PCR from Feces Collected in the Field

2011 ◽  
Vol 73 (12) ◽  
pp. 1611-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoki YAMAZAKI ◽  
Yuta MOTOI ◽  
Kazuya NAGAI ◽  
Tsuyoshi ISHINAZAKA ◽  
Makoto ASANO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Cervus Nippon Yesoensis

Seroprevalence of fasciolosis in Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis) from Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan revealed by ELISA using recombinant cathepsin L1

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 102222
Author(s):  
Hironobu Sato ◽  
Hiroki Hiraya ◽  
Takutoshi Sugiyama ◽  
Shinya Fukumoto ◽  
Ryota Matsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Cervus Nippon Yesoensis

On the Nature of Hereditary Size Limitation

1929 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 311-324
Author(s):  
R. CUMMING ROBB
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Physical Significance ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Organ Growth ◽  
Submaxillary Glands ◽  
Size Limitation ◽  
Similar Association ◽  
Total Body

1. Throughout post-natal life the relative weights of the pituitary body, thyroid, thymus and adrenals in the rabbit may be expressed by the equation y = axk + c. 2. A similar association is indicated in the rat for the weights of eyeballs, liver, pancreas, hypophysis, thyroid, adrenals, submaxillary glands, kidney and fresh skeleton (data from Donaldson, 1924). 3. In giant and pigmy rabbits, the ultimate proportions of body parts are not the same, but (for any given body weight) corresponding tissues in the two groups tend to exhibit an identical relation to total body mass. 4. The adrenals and testes of the Polish rabbits are relatively much larger than those of the Flemish. But in each case the growth of the adrenal approximates to a constant power function of body weight. Moreover, in these two groups and in their hybrids, the growth of the testes adheres to a simple association with adrenal weight identical for each. 5. These data suggest the generalisation that in a growing organism the magnitude of any part tends to be a specific function of the total body mass or of some portion so related to the whole. 6. These associations may be explained by surmising that each tissue is in equilibrium with the internal milieu with regard to the distribution of nutrient growth essentials; that in each case the equilibrium point would be determined by the nature of the cell and after differentiation would tend to remain constant; and that the relative enlargement of each tissue is limited by the excess of the equilibrium value over the katabolic expenditure. 7. According to the above hypothesis of organ growth, the equation y = axk + c may possess a physical significance. Eight types of growth relationships may thus exist, differing because of the apparent inactivity of one or more constants in this equation.

scholarly journals Seasonal Changes in the Gonadotropic Cells in the Pituitary of Wild Sika Deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis).

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko YAMAJI ◽  
Yasuo KISO ◽  
Masatsugu SUZUKI ◽  
Mayumi YOKOYAMA ◽  
Fumihiko SASAKI
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Gonadotropic Cells ◽  
Cervus Nippon Yesoensis

Immunohistochemical Localization of Steroidogenic Enzymes in the Testis of Hokkaido Sika Deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis)

2004 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 1463-1466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke HAYAKAWA ◽  
Motoki SASAKI ◽  
Chihiro AKABANE ◽  
Nobuo KITAMURA ◽  
Toshio TSUBOTA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sika Deer ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Immunohistochemical Localization ◽  
Steroidogenic Enzymes ◽  
Cervus Nippon Yesoensis

Expression of prolactin receptor (PRL-R) mRNA in the caudal gland of Hokkaido sika deer (Cervus nippon yesoensis Heude, 1884)

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 416-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatsugu Suzuki ◽  
Yuri Kamewaka ◽  
Masami Yamanaka ◽  
Toshihiko Iwanaga ◽  
Noriyuki Ohtaishi
Keyword(s):  
Sika Deer ◽  
Prolactin Receptor ◽  
Cervus Nippon ◽  
Caudal Gland ◽  
Cervus Nippon Yesoensis

scholarly journals Complete and Voluntary Starvation of 50 Days

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. CCRep.S39776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley Elliott ◽  
Michelle Mina ◽  
Chrystalla Ferrier
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Total Body Mass ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Linear Loss ◽  
Obese Male ◽  
Evidence Based Decision Making

A 34-year-old obese male (96.8 kg; BMI, 30.2 kg m−1) volitionally undertook a 50-day fast with the stated goal of losing body mass. During this time, only tea, coffee, water, and a daily multivitamin were consumed. Severe and linear loss of body mass is recorded during these 50 days (final 75.4 kg; BMI, 23.5 kg mT 1 ). A surprising resilience to effects of fasting on activity levels and physical function is noted. Plasma samples are suggestive of early impairment of liver function, and perturbations to cardiovascular dynamics are also noted. One month following resumption of feeding behavior, body weight was maintained (75.0 kg; BMI, 23.4 kg m−1). Evidence-based decision-making with the fasting or hunger striking patient is limited by a lack of evidence. This case report suggests that total body mass, not mass lost, may be a key observation in clinical decision-making during fasting and starvation.

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