scholarly journals Resting metabolic rate and thermic effects of a sucrose-sweetened soft drink during the menstrual cycle in young Chinese women

1999 ◽  
Vol 77 (7) ◽  
pp. 544-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmund TS Li ◽  
Louisa BY Tsang ◽  
Susan SH Lui
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Chinese Women ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Follicular Phase ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Thermic Effect

The resting metabolic rate (RMR) and thermic effects (TEF) of a sucrose-sweetened soft drink in a group (n = 19) of ovulating young Chinese women were determined by indirect calorimetry in the midfollicular and midluteal phases of the menstrual cycle. Urinary luteinizing hormone surge was used to confirm ovulation. The RMR was measured twice in each phase and found to be similar (F(1,18) = 0.863) across the follicular (5018 kJ/24 h) and the luteal (5098 kJ/24 h) phases. Within each phase and on separate days, subjects were given water (280 mL) or sucrose-sweetened soft drink (539 kJ). Soft drink, but not water, consumption increased energy expenditure over a period of 45 min. Compared with the follicular phase, a small but significant increase in TEF (kJ/45 min) was observed in the luteal phase (t = 2.434, p < 0.05). Energy expenditure after drinking the soft drink, however, was similar in the two phases. RMR was positively correlated with TEF (r = 0.613, p < 0.01) and net TEF (r = 0.648, p < 0.005) in the luteal but not the follicular phase. In ovulating women, the thermic effect of sucrose is influenced by the phase of the menstrual cycle.Key words: menstrual cycle, resting metabolic rate, thermic effect of food, sucrose, Chinese women.

scholarly journals Circadian rhythms in resting metabolic rate account for apparent daily rhythms in thermic effect of food

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonie C Ruddick-Collins ◽  
Alan Flanagan ◽  
Jonathan D Johnston ◽  
Peter J Morgan ◽  
Alexandra M Johnstone
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Daily Variation ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Thermic Effect Of Food ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Thermic Effect

Abstract Context Daily variation in thermic effect of food (TEF) is commonly reported and proposed as a contributing factor to weight gain with late eating. However underlying circadian variability in resting metabolic rate (RMR) is an overlooked factor when calculating TEF associated with eating at different times of the day. Objective To determine whether methodological approaches to calculating TEF contribute to the reported phenomena of daily variation in TEF. Design, Setting and Participants: Fourteen overweight to obese but otherwise healthy subjects, had their resting and postprandial energy expenditure measured over 15.5 hours at a clinical research unit. TEF was calculated for breakfast, lunch and dinner using standard methods (above a baseline and premeal RMR measure) and compared to a method incorporating a circadian RMR where RMR was derived from a sinusoid curve model and TEF was calculated over and above the continuously changing RMR. Main Outcome measures TEF at breakfast, lunch and dinner calculated with different methods. Results Standard methods of calculating TEF above a premeal measured RMR showed that morning TEF [60.8kcal ± 5.6] (mean ± SEM) was 1.6 times greater than TEF at lunch [36.3kcal ± 8.4], and 2.4 times greater than dinner TEF [25.2kcal ± 9.6] (p=0.022). However, adjusting for modelled circadian RMR nullified any differences between breakfast [54.1kcal ± 30.8], lunch [49.5kcal ± 29.4], and dinner [49.1kcal ± 25.7] (p=0.680). Conclusions Differences in TEF between morning and evening can be explained by underlying circadian resting energy expenditure, which is independent of an acute effect of eating.

scholarly journals Alcohol and its acute effects on resting metabolic rate and diet-induced thermogenesis

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 413-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan A. Weststrate ◽  
Ingrid Wunnink ◽  
Paul Deurenberg ◽  
Joseph G. A. J. Hautvast
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Resting Energy Expenditure ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Systematic Difference ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Diet Induced Thermogenesis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Thermic Effect

The impact of alcohol (ethanol) on resting energy expenditure of male non-obese volunteers was determined in two studies. In the first study the thermic effect of alcohol on resting metabolic rate (RMR) was assessed in ten male non-obese volunteers. In the second study the impact of alcohol on diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT) was determined in twelve male non-obese volunteers. Energy expenditure was measured with a ventilated-hood system. RMR was measured for 60 min with the subjects in a fasting state. In the first study subjects received in random order 20 g alcohol in concentrations of 75, 180 and 300 ml/I water respectively. After measurement of the RMR the thermic effect of alcohol was measured for 90 min. In the second study volunteers received in random order and in duplicate either a meal of food (2 MJ) plus an alcoholic aperitif (20 g alcohol in a 180 ml/1 solution) or an isoenergetic meal of food alone (2.55 MJ) plus a placebo aperitif containing no alcohol. DIT was measured for 240 min. Alcohol induced a significant thermic effect, which varied between 0.22 and 0.30 kJ/min. No systematic difference in DIT was observed among the different concentrations. DIT was not significantly affected by the ingestion of alcohol. Total DIT was 219 (SE 14) kJ for the alcohol treatment and 185 (SE 20) kJ for the control treatment. The results do not support the suggestion that alcohol is less efficiently used as an energy source in comparison with, for example, fats and carbohydrates.

Impact of body fat mass and percent fat on metabolic rate and thermogenesis in men

1989 ◽  
Vol 256 (5) ◽  
pp. E573-E579 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. R. Segal ◽  
I. Lacayanga ◽  
A. Dunaif ◽  
B. Gutin ◽  
F. X. Pi-Sunyer
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Body Fat Mass ◽  
Thermic Effect Of Food ◽  
Group A ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Thermic Effect

To clarify further the independent relationships of body composition parameters to energy expenditure, resting metabolic rate (RMR) and postprandial thermogenesis were studied in four groups who were matched for absolute fat mass (study 1) and relative fatness (study 2). In study 1, five lean [group A, 15.4 +/- 0.6% (+/- SE) body fat] and five obese men (group B, 25.0 +/- 0.9% fat) were matched on body fat mass (13.0 +/- 0.9 vs. 14.4 +/- 0.8 kg, respectively). Fat-free mass (FFM) and total weight were greater for group A than B. RMR was measured for 3 h in the fasted state and after a 720-kcal mixed meal. RMR was greater for group A than B (1.38 +/- 0.08 vs. 1.14 +/- 0.04 kcal/min, P less than 0.05). The thermic effect of food, calculated as 3 h postprandial minus fasting RMR, was greater for group A than B (65 +/- 6 vs. 23 +/- 9 kcal/3 h; P less than 0.05). In study 2, two groups (n = 6 men/group) were matched for percent body fat (33 +/- 1% fat for both) but differed in lean, fat, and total weights: 50.8 +/- 3.1 kg FFM for the lighter (group C) vs. 68.0 +/- 2.8 kg FFM for the heavier (group D) group, P less than 0.05. RMR was lower for group C than D (1.17 +/- 0.06 vs. 1.33 +/- 0.04 kcal/min, P less than 0.05), but the thermic effect of food was not significantly different (31 +/- 3 vs. 20 +/- 6 kcal/3 h).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Energy Conservation in Amenorrheic Ballet Dancers

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Beth Glace ◽  
Ian Kremenic ◽  
Marijeanne Liederbach
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Ballet Dancers ◽  
Thermic Effect Of Food ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Thermic Effect

Ballet dancers may be at risk of eating disorders, and women with eating disorders are at increased risk for menstrual dysfunction. Caloric intakes of amenorrheic dancers have been reported to be less than those of eumenorrheic dancers, indicating a possible conservation of energy. We evaluated resting metabolic rate and the thermic effect of food following ingestion of a 500-kcal liquid supplement in 8 amenorrheic dancers and 10 eumenorrheic dancers. Body fat was higher for the eumenorrheic group (20%) than the amenorrheic group (15%). Resting metabolic rate did not differ between groups when corrected for body mass (24.2 ± 1.1 kcal/kg/day for amennorheic dancers vs. 25.0 ± 0.9 kcal/kg/day for eumennorheic dancers), nor did resting metabolic rate differ when adjusted for lean mass. However, amennorheic dancers expended significantly less energy post-prandially once adjusted for lean mass (ANOVA, effect of group p = 0.035). Dancers were asked to complete the Eating Disorder Inventory, a self-report scale that measures symptoms of disordered eating; 9 of 10 eumennorheic but only 4 of 8 amennorheic women were willing to complete the questionnaire. Eumennorheic dancers had profiles similar to or less pathologic than those of non-eating-disordered populations. Greater dissatisfaction was expressed by eumennorheic women as body fat increased. Contrary to the findings in previous studies, amennorheic ballet dancers did not exhibit energy conservation via reductions in resting metabolic rate but did expend slightly less energy in thermic effect of food compared to normally menstruating women.

Effect of age and aerobic capacity on resting metabolic rate and the thermic effect of food in healthy men

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1161-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanne F. Nichols ◽  
Sheri E. Leiter ◽  
Larry S. Verity ◽  
Pamela L. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Thermic Effect Of Food ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Effect Of Age ◽  
Thermic Effect

scholarly journals No major differences in energy metabolism between matched and unmatched groups of ‘large-eating’ and ‘small-eating’ men

1993 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dallas Clark ◽  
Frank Tomas ◽  
Robert T. Withers ◽  
Sally D. Neville ◽  
Stephen R. Nolan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Energy Expenditures ◽  
Thermic Effect Of Food ◽  
Effect Of Food ◽  
Thermic Effect

Rates of energy expenditure (J/kg fat-free mass (FFM) per min) in normal weight, ‘small-eating’ men were compared with those obtained for normal weight (n 8) and underweight (n 5) ‘large-eating’ men. For the matched groups of ‘large-’ and ‘small-eaters’ there were no differences in resting metabolic rate (RMR) measurements but during controlled daily activities there was a small but significant increase (P < 0.05) in energy expenditure in the ‘large-eaters’. These results contrast with those obtained for the unmatched groups where energy requirements were about 10 % (P < 0.01) higher in the underweight ‘large-eaters’ at rest but were not different during the more energetic (walking) activities. However, after adjustment for differences in FFM between these two groups, the resting energy expenditures of the ‘large-eaters’ (82·54 (SE 1·51) J/kg FFM per min) were similar to those of the ‘small-eaters’ (81·87 (SE 1·51) J/kg FFM per min). Oral temperatures were significantly higher in the matched (0·35–0·65°) and unmatched (0·7–0·9°) ‘large-eaters’ both at rest and during the different activities, but the thermic effect of food (50 kJ/kg FFM) was one fifth lower (not significant) in both groups of ‘large-eaters’. These results provide little evidence for any major metabolic differences between groups of ‘large-eating’ and ‘small-eating’ men.

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