Long-term supplementation of culture medium with essential fatty acids alters α-linolenic acid uptake in Caco-2 clone TC7

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-629
Author(s):  
T Tranchant ◽  
P Besson ◽  
C Hoinard ◽  
M Pinault ◽  
J M Alessandri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition

We investigated the influence of four different culture media: 20% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 5% FBS, 5% FBS supplemented with 10 mg·L-1 linoleic acid (18:2(n-6)) or alpha-linolenic acid (18:3(n-3)) on alpha-linolenic acid apical uptake in clone TC7 of human intestinal Caco-2 cell line. Neither cellular viability nor cell monolayer integrity and permeability were altered by the four culture conditions. Our results show that the different culture media led to changes in alpha-linolenic acid maximal rate of uptake (Vmax) but did not alter the apparent transport constant (Km). Reducing FBS concentration from 20% to 5% increased significantly the rate of alpha-linolenic acid uptake, which was further increased by supplementation of the medium with 18:2(n-6) or 18:3(n-3). Supplementation with essential fatty acids led to a marked enrichment of brush-border membrane phospholipids in polyunsaturated fatty acids of the corresponding series and decreased significantly the levels of monounsaturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids, unsaturation index, and cholesterol / fatty acid ratios were unchanged. No clear relation could be established between the changes in membrane lipid composition and the alterations of alpha-linolenic acid uptake. These results indicate a weak influence of membrane lipid composition in the modulation of the uptake. Therefore, the increase of uptake following long-term supplementation of TC7 cells with essential fatty acids could be attributed to an increase of the expression of membrane protein(s) involved in the apical uptake of long-chain fatty acids. This remains to be established.Key words: fatty acid intestinal absorption, Caco-2 cells, membrane fatty acid transport protein, membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition.

Long-term supplementation of culture medium with essential fatty acids alters α-linolenic acid uptake in Caco-2 clone TC7

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tranchant ◽  
P. Besson ◽  
C. Hoinard ◽  
M. Pinault ◽  
J.M. Alessandri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Uptake

scholarly journals Dietary α-linolenic acid supplementation alters skeletal muscle plasma membrane lipid composition, sarcolemmal FAT/CD36 abundance, and palmitate transport rates

2016 ◽  
Vol 311 (6) ◽  
pp. R1234-R1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zane Chorner ◽  
Pierre-Andre Barbeau ◽  
Laura Castellani ◽  
David C. Wright ◽  
Adrian Chabowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Lipid Composition ◽  
Membrane Lipid ◽  
Membrane Lipid Composition ◽  
Plasma Membrane Lipid

The cellular processes influenced by consuming polyunsaturated fatty acids remains poorly defined. Within skeletal muscle, a rate-limiting step in fatty acid oxidation is the movement of lipids across the sarcolemmal membrane, and therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of consuming flaxseed oil high in α-linolenic acid (ALA), on plasma membrane lipid composition and the capacity to transport palmitate. Rats fed a diet supplemented with ALA (10%) displayed marked increases in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) within whole muscle and sarcolemmal membranes (approximately five-fold), at the apparent expense of arachidonic acid (−50%). These changes coincided with increased sarcolemmal palmitate transport rates (+20%), plasma membrane fatty acid translocase (FAT/CD36; +20%) abundance, skeletal muscle triacylglycerol content (approximately twofold), and rates of whole body fat oxidation (~50%). The redistribution of FAT/CD36 to the plasma membrane could not be explained by increased phosphorylation of signaling pathways implicated in regulating FAT/CD36 trafficking events (i.e., phosphorylation of ERK1/2, CaMKII, AMPK, and Akt), suggesting the increased n-3 PUFA composition of the plasma membrane influenced FAT/CD36 accumulation. Altogether, the present data provide evidence that a diet supplemented with ALA increases the transport of lipids into resting skeletal muscle in conjunction with increased sarcolemmal n-3 PUFA and FAT/CD36 contents.

scholarly journals Fatty acid chemistry of Atrichum undulatum and Hypnum andoi

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Pejin ◽  
Ljubodrag Vujisic ◽  
Marko Sabovljevic ◽  
Vele Tesevic ◽  
Vlatka Vajs
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Moss Species

The fatty acid composition of the moss species Atrichum undulatum (Hedw.) P. Beauv. (Polytrichaceae) and Hypnum andoi A.J.E. Sm. (Hypnaceae) collected in winter time were analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as a contribution to their chemistry. Eight fatty acids were identified in the chloroform/methanol extract 1:1 of A. undulatum (linoleic acid 26.80%, palmitic acid 22.17%, ?-linolenic acid 20.50%, oleic acid 18.49%, arachidonic acid 6.21%, stearic acid 3.34%, cis-5,8,11,14,17-eicosapentaenoic acid 1.52% and behenic acid 1.01%), while six fatty acids were found in the same type of extract of H. andoi (palmitic acid 63.48%, erucic acid 12.38%, stearic acid 8.08%, behenic acid 6.26%, lignoceric acid 5.16% and arachidic acid 4.64%). According to this study, the moss A. undulatum can be considered as a good source of both essential fatty acids for humans (linoleic acid and ?-linolenic acid) during the winter.

scholarly journals Poultry meat production as a functional food with a voluntary n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio

2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 203-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Schneideroá ◽  
J. Zelenka ◽  
E. Mrkvicová
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
The Other ◽  
Poultry Meat ◽  
Meat Production ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

We studied the effect of different levels of linseed oils made either of the flax cultivar Atalante with a high content of &alpha;-linolenic acid (612 g/kg) or of the cultivar Lola with a predominating content of linoleic acid (708 g/kg) in a chicken diet upon the fatty acid pattern in meat. Cockerels Ross 308 were fed the diets containing 1, 3, 5 or 7 per cent of oil in the last 15 days of fattening. Breast meat (BM) and thigh meat (TM) without skin of 8 chickens from each dietary group were used for analyses. The relative proportions of fatty acids were expressed as percentages of total determined fatty acids. When feeding Atalante oil, the proportions of n-6 fatty acids were highly significantly lower while those of n-3 fatty acids were higher; the ratio of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in meat was narrower (<i>P</i> < 0.001) than in chickens fed oil with a low content of &alpha;-linolenic acid. In BM and TM, the relative proportions of &alpha;-linolenic and &gamma;-linolenic acids were nearly the same, the proportion of linoleic acid in BM was lower, and the proportions of the other polyunsaturated fatty acids in BM were higher than in TM. In BM, the ratio of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids was significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.001) more favourable than that found in TM. The relative proportions of total saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids in meat decreased and those of polyunsaturated fatty acids increased significantly (<i>P</i> < 0.01) in dependence on the increasing level of dietary oils. When feeding Atalante oil, a significant increase in the proportion of linoleic acid in BM but not in TM was observed. The proportions of the other n-6 fatty acids decreased and those of all determined n-3 fatty acids, with the exception of docosahexaenoic acid, significantly increased with the increasing level of oil in the diet. When feeding Lola oil, its increasing content in the diet increased the relative proportion of linoleic acid as well as its elongation to &gamma;-linolenic acid; however, the proportions of arachidonic and adrenic acid did not change significantly (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The proportion of &alpha;-linolenic acid increased in both BM and TM. The proportion of eicosapentaenoic and clupanodonic acids in BM significantly decreased. The ratio of n-6 to n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ranged from 0.9 to 13.6 and from 1.0 to 17.2 in BM and TM, respectively. An increase in the level of Lola oil in the diet by 1% caused that the n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio extended by 1.00 and 1.19 units in BM and TM, respectively. Dependences of n-6/n-3 ratio on the level of Atalante oil were expressed by equations of convex parabolas with minima at the level of oil 5.8 and 5.9% for BM and TM, respectively. By means of the inclusion of linseed oil with a high content of &alpha;-linolenic acid in the feed mixture it would be possible to produce poultry meat as a functional food with a very narrow ratio of n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.

scholarly journals The effect of dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20: 3, n-6) on the composition of phospholipid fatty acids in the liver of rats deficient in essential fatty acids

1978 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 155-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. G. Hassam ◽  
M. A. Crawford
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acid ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Phospholipid Fatty Acids ◽  
Phospholipid Fraction ◽  
Liver Phospholipid ◽  
Dietary Energy

1. Rats were fed on either a diet deficient in essential fatty acid (EFA) or one supplemented with dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20:3,n-6) at levels that represented 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% of the dietary energy.2. Supplementation of the diet of EFA-deficient animals with 20:3,n-6 reversed most of the fatty acid changes induced in the liver phospholipid fraction.3. The EFA potency of 20:3,n-6 was found to be similar to that of γ-linolenic acid (18:3,n-6) which has been shown to be higher than that of linoleic acid (18:2,n-6).

scholarly journals Identification and Analysis of the FAD Gene Family in Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) Based on Transcriptome Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Liu ◽  
Shugang Zhao ◽  
Shuang Wang ◽  
Hongxia Wang ◽  
Zhihua Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Significant Positive Correlation ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Transcriptome Data ◽  
Alpha Linolenic Acid

Abstract Background: Walnut fatty acids, the main component of walnut kernels, contain a large amount of unsaturated fatty acids, such as linoleic acid and linolenic acid, which are essential fatty acids in humans and have important effects on human growth and health. Fatty acid desaturase (FAD) is widely distributed throughout the biological world. Its main function is to remove hydrogen from carbon chains in the biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids to synthesize C=C double bonds. Results: In the current research, 24 members of the JrFAD gene family were identified by bioinformatics analysis; the expression of fatty acid synthesis genes in walnut kernels at different developmental stages was analysed by transcriptome sequencing, and the expression of JrFAD3-1 , an enzyme gene for linolenic acid synthesis, was particularly prominent. The results showed that the relative expression level of FAD3-1 changed dramatically with the kernel development stage, and the expression changes showed a "bell shape". There was a significant positive correlation between the expression of JrFAD3-1 from 90-100 DAF (days after flower) and the content of alpha-linolenic acid from 100-130 DAF, with a correlation coefficient of 0.991. JrFAD3-1 can be considered closely related to Betula pendula and Corylus heterophylla . Conclusion: 24 members of the JrFAD gene family consist of four subfamilies: the SAD desaturase subfamily, Δ7/Δ9 desaturase subfamily, Δ12/ω-3 desaturase subfamily and "front-end" desaturase subfamily. A key gene Jr FAD3-1 was obtained based on transcriptome data and there was a significant positive correlation between the expression of JrFAD3-1 from 90-100 DAF and the content of alpha-linolenic acid from 100-130 DAF. JrFAD3-1 can be considered closely related to Betula pendula and Corylus heterophylla .

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