CYP2D6-related oxidation polymorphism in a Canadian Inuit population

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Jurima-Romet ◽  
B C Foster ◽  
W L Casley ◽  
A Rode ◽  
P Vloshinsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Polymorphism ◽  
Inuit Population

scholarly journals Early-Life Exposure to Environmental Contaminants Perturbs the Sperm Epigenome and Induces Negative Pregnancy Outcomes for Three Generations via the Paternal Lineage

Epigenomes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Clotilde Maurice ◽  
Mathieu Dalvai ◽  
Romain Lambrot ◽  
Astrid Deschênes ◽  
Marie-Pier Scott-Boyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Sperm Quality ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Developmental Defects ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
Sperm Dna ◽  
Inuit Population ◽  
Sperm Dna Methylation

Due to the grasshopper effect, the Arctic food chain in Canada is contaminated with persistent organic pollutants (POPs) of industrial origin, including polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides. Exposure to POPs may be a contributor to the greater incidence of poor fetal growth, placental abnormalities, stillbirths, congenital defects and shortened lifespan in the Inuit population compared to non-Aboriginal Canadians. Although maternal exposure to POPs is well established to harm pregnancy outcomes, paternal transmission of the effects of POPs is a possibility that has not been well investigated. We used a rat model to test the hypothesis that exposure to POPs during gestation and suckling leads to developmental defects that are transmitted to subsequent generations via the male lineage. Indeed, developmental exposure to an environmentally relevant Arctic POPs mixture impaired sperm quality and pregnancy outcomes across two subsequent, unexposed generations and altered sperm DNA methylation, some of which are also observed for two additional generations. Genes corresponding to the altered sperm methylome correspond to health problems encountered in the Inuit population. These findings demonstrate that the paternal methylome is sensitive to the environment and that some perturbations persist for at least two subsequent generations. In conclusion, although many factors influence health, paternal exposure to contaminants plays a heretofore-underappreciated role with sperm DNA methylation contributing to the molecular underpinnings involved.

scholarly journals LINKS BETWEEN MATERNAL AND ADOLESCENTS’ CANNABIS USE AMONG THE INUIT OF NUNAVIK

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. e1-e1
Author(s):  
Alexandra Simard ◽  
Nadine Forget-Dubois ◽  
Gina Muckle ◽  
Richard Belanger
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ethic Research ◽  
Concomitant Variables ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Subsequent Behavior ◽  
Inuit Population ◽  
The Impact

Abstract BACKGROUND Inuit from Nunavik, Northern Quebec, show some of the highest prevalence of cannabis use in the world, particularly for youths. Based on the ecological system theory, family (the more proximal unit to adolescents) is susceptible to influence their behaviors the most. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to examine, among the Inuit population from Nunavik, the association between maternal use of cannabis and the subsequent use of this substance by their children while adolescents. DESIGN/METHODS This study was based on longitudinal data from the Nunavik Child Development Study (endorsed by community and public health stakeholders; approved by ethic research boards from 2 North American Universities). We use data from two follow-ups, between 2005 and 2010 (T1: time 1 – children aged between 8–15 years-old), and between 2012 and 2016 (T2: time 2 – adolescents aged 16–21 years-old). Structured interviews were used to assess cannabis use and other concomitant variables among mothers at T1, and for adolescents at T2. Our final sample included 184 mother-adolescent dyads. Hypotheses that exposure to an increased frequency of maternal cannabis use at the end of childhood will be associated with 1) earlier initiation of cannabis during adolescence, and 2) will increase the frequency of cannabis use by youths, were tested with Cox regression analyses and ordinal regressions, taking into account socioeconomic status (T1), gender, and student status of adolescents(T2). RESULTS About seven out of ten Inuit adolescent participants reported having used cannabis during the previous year of T2, and about 45% of users consumed daily. Among the adolescents who answered the initiation age question, 60% had used it before reaching 14 years. Associations between mother’s frequency of cannabis use at T1 and 1) adolescents’ initiation age to cannabis and 2) adolescents’ frequency of cannabis use were not statistically significant. Higher socioeconomic status and student status were associated with lower risk of cannabis use by youths. CONCLUSION Among a group of adolescents where cannabis use is highly prevalent, we were unable to highlight the impact from maternal substance use on subsequent behavior of their children while adolescents. Yet, key determinants already known to influence cannabis use among southern populations seem to be also relevant to the Inuit population from Nunavik. Common Aboriginal wisdom that it takes a village to raise a child seems to apply to cannabis use as well.

Assessment of naturally acquired neutralizing antibodies against rabies Lyssavirus in a subset of Nunavik’s Inuit population considered most at risk of being exposed to rabid animals

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 533-539 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Ducrocq ◽  
Jean‐François Proulx ◽  
Benoît Lévesque ◽  
Gaston De Serres ◽  
Heidi Wood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Inuit Population

The Inuit Population of Northern Quebec: Present Situation, Future Trends

1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Robitaille ◽  
Robert Choinière
Keyword(s):  
Present Situation ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Inuit Population

Effects of perfluorooctanesulfonate exposure on plasma lipid levels in the Inuit population of Nunavik (Northern Quebec)

2010 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 710-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Ludivine Château-Degat ◽  
Daria Pereg ◽  
Renée Dallaire ◽  
Pierre Ayotte ◽  
Serge Dery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Lipid ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Inuit Population

scholarly journals Pharmcokinetics of imipramine and its four metabolites in relation to debrisoquine/sparteine type oxidation polymorphism

1992 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Eriko Koyama ◽  
Dong-Ryul Sohn ◽  
Sang-Goo Shin ◽  
Kan Chiba ◽  
Takashi Ishizaki
Keyword(s):  
Oxidation Polymorphism
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