Developmental changes in the gonadotropin releasing hormone neuron of the female rabbit: effects of tamoxifen citrate and pregnant mare serum gonadotropin

1993 ◽  
Vol 71 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 761-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warren G. Foster ◽  
John F. Jarrell ◽  
Edward V. YoungLai
Keyword(s):  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Tamoxifen Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Developmental Shift ◽  
Tamoxifen Citrate ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin

Developmental changes in immunostained gonadotropin releasing hormone neurons were demonstrated in female rabbits assigned to the following treatment groups: (i) tamoxifen citrate, 10 mg∙kg−1∙day−1, in sesame seed oil (vehicle) (n = 24) or (ii) vehicle alone (control, n = 24) for 108 days; and (iii) 50 IU of pregnant mare serum gonadotropin on postnatal days 22 and 25 (n = 24) or vehicle on nontreatment days. Treatments had no effect on the total number of immunostained cells, but there was a significant (p = 0.0160) developmental shift from cells with smooth processes to rough. Group comparisons revealed that there was a significant (p < 0.001) age-related increase in the number of rough cells in pregnant mare serum treated rabbits between days 25 and 75, indicating an advancement in the shift from smooth to rough cells. Plasma gonadotropin levels, ovarian follicular development, and the developmental shift from smooth to rough cells were markedly suppressed by tamoxifen treatment compared with rabbits of the control group, while no difference in estradiol levels were found. Our results suggest that a developmental shift in gonadotropin releasing hormone cell morphology from smooth to rough precedes sexual maturity in the female rabbit.Key words: development, sexual maturation, gonadotropin releasing hormone, puberty, immunohistochemistry.

Progesterone and pregnant mare serum gonadotropin improve the reproductive capacity of long-term non-oestrus replacement gilts

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 2184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zheng ◽  
Fushuo Huang ◽  
Mingjun Ma ◽  
Yaguang Tian ◽  
He Huang
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Pregnant Mare Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Group A ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin ◽  
Group B

Context It is a common problem that replacement gilts exhibit delayed oestrus and non-oestrus in pig production. Aims This study explored the use of progesterone and pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) to promote oestrus and to restore the reproductive capacity of sows. Methods A total of 90 long-term non-oestrus replacement gilts were randomly divided into three groups. Group A consisted of 30 sows that were normally fed for 20 days, followed by injections of 1000 IU of PMSG on the morning of the 21st day and 100 μg of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on the 24th day. Group B consisted of 30 sows that were continuously fed with altrenogest (20 mg/head.day) for 18 days, followed by injections of 1000 IU of PMSG on the morning of the 21st day and 100 μg of gonadotropin-releasing hormone on the 24th day. Group C (control group) consisted of 30 sows that were normally fed for 20 days, followed by injections of 3 mL of physiological saline on the morning of the 21st day and 3 mL of saline on the 24th day. Oestrus identification was performed in all three groups, and sows underwent artificial insemination after the injection of gonadotropin-releasing hormone or saline. Key results We found that the follicles of long-term non-oestrus replacement gilts were not developed, and follicle diameters were &lt;4 mm. The oestrus rate and pregnancy rate of the sows in Group B were significantly lower than those in Group A (30% vs 66.7% and 66.7% vs 90%) respectively. There was no difference in the litter size between Group A and Group B (11.2 vs 11.5). The sows in Group C exhibited no oestrus and no pregnancy. After treatment with progesterone and PMSG, the follicle diameters of sows in oestrus were significantly greater than those of sows in non-oestrus, and the levels of oestradiol, luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were significantly higher than those of sows in non-oestrus. Conclusions This study showed that progesterone and PMSG treatment can alter the reproductive hormone levels and follicle diameters in long-term non-oestrus replacement gilts, promote oestrus and restore reproductive capacity in sows. Implications This study provides a method for the use of hormone-treated gilts to maximise the reproductive potential of gilts.

scholarly journals Endocrine and molecular milieus of ovarian follicles are diversely affected by human chorionic gonadotropin and gonadotropin-releasing hormone in prepubertal and mature gilts

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam J. Ziecik ◽  
Jan Klos ◽  
Katarzyna Gromadzka-Hliwa ◽  
Mariola A. Dietrich ◽  
Mariola Slowinska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Hormone Receptors ◽  
Cell Function ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Molecular Transport ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Matrix Remodeling ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Serum Gonadotropin

AbstractDifferent strategies are used to meet optimal reproductive performance or manage reproductive health. Although exogenous human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists (A) are commonly used to trigger ovulation in estrous cycle synchronization, little is known about their effect on the ovarian follicle. Here, we explored whether hCG- and GnRH-A-induced native luteinizing hormone (LH) can affect the endocrine and molecular milieus of ovarian preovulatory follicles in pigs at different stages of sexual development. We collected ovaries 30 h after hCG/GnRH-A administration from altrenogest and pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (eCG)-primed prepubertal and sexually mature gilts. Several endocrine and molecular alternations were indicated, including broad hormonal trigger-induced changes in follicular fluid steroid hormones and prostaglandin levels. However, sexual maturity affected only estradiol levels. Trigger- and/or maturity-dependent changes in the abundance of hormone receptors (FSHR and LHCGR) and proteins associated with lipid metabolism and steroidogenesis (e.g., STAR, HSD3B1, and CYP11A1), prostaglandin synthesis (PTGS2 and PTGFS), extracellular matrix remodeling (MMP1 and TIMP1), protein folding (HSPs), molecular transport (TF), and cell function and survival (e.g., VIM) were observed. These data revealed different endocrine properties of exogenous and endogenous gonadotropins, with a potent progestational/androgenic role of hCG and estrogenic/pro-developmental function of LH.

scholarly journals ESTIMATION TO EFFICIENCY OF THE MULTIFUNCTION METHOD ОF ENDOMETRIOSIS OVARIЕS TREATMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 868-872
Author(s):  
Iryna M. Nikitina ◽  
Volodymyr I. Boiko ◽  
Svitlana A. Smiian ◽  
Tetiana V. Babar ◽  
Natalia V. Kalashnyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Inhibin B ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Sexual Life ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Antral Follicles ◽  
Group I ◽  
Laparoscopic Removal

The aim: The aim of the study was to improve the results of treatment of patients with endometriosis by using a combination method of therapy. Materials and methods: For two years, 136 women of reproductive age who underwent laparoscopic surgeries for ovarian endometriosis were monitored: Group I (n = 24) did not receive any hormonal treatment in the perioperative period; Group II (n = 32) – received gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists within 3 months after surgery; Group III (n = 80) prior to laparoscopic removal of the ovarian cyst used gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists – Triptorelin 3.75 mg intramuscularly for 2 months, as well as three months after surgery. The control group consisted of 30 healthy women of reproductive age with regular menstrual periods. All patients underwent transvaginal ultrasound, counting the number of antral follicles before and after treatment. Serum hormone levels (FSH, prolactin, thyrotropic hormone, anti-Mullerian hormone, inhibin B) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on Cobas e-411 analyzer (Roche Diagnostics, Switzerland) on day 2-3 of the menstrual cycle and on day 2–3 of the first menstrual period after the end of treatment. Laparoscopic removal of the cyst was performed with exfoliation of the cyst, hemostasis on the wound surface of the bed of the cyst was performed with a bipolar electrocoagulator. Bipolar coagulation and resection of the ovarian tissue with no potential was used during surgical treatment of the ovaries, which made it possible to preserve the intact portion of the ovary as much as possible. Results: Analysis of ovarian reserve indices, namely number of antral foliculs, number of antral follicles, AMG, and inhibin B levels in all examined patients with ovarian endometriomas were significantly lower than those of the control group before the start of treatment: in the ovarian endometrial group group 1.26 times (p <0.01), inhibin B – 1.5 times (p <0.01), the number of antral follicles – 1.2 times (p <0.01), due to the development dystrophic changes of the follicular apparatus due to prolonged compression, hypoxia, fibrosis in the ovaries. Patients who planned pregnancy were advised to have an active sexual life before menstruation was restored. In 23 (46.9%) of 49 patients who had reproductive plans, pregnancy occurred without first menstruation after a course of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists, 12 (24.5%) women became pregnant during the first three menstrual cycles. Extracorporeal fertilization was recommended for women who did not have pregnancy within 6 months of surgery. For two years in women who did not plan pregnancy, recurrence of endometriosis was not observed. Conclusions: The combination of laparoscopic treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonists in patients with endometriosis with infertility allowed to restore reproductive function in 71.4% of women, which indicates the effectiveness of the treatment method used. In addition, it helps to achieve lasting remission and addresses the socio-social problems of women’s health and maternity.

252 EFFECT OF SUPERSTIMULATORY TREATMENT TO DONOR COWS IN OXYGEN CONSUMPTION OF MATURED OOCYTES

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
K. Imai ◽  
S. Sugimura ◽  
M. Ohtake ◽  
Y. Aikawa ◽  
Y. Inaba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Prostaglandin F2α ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
And Control ◽  
Bovine Oocytes

We previously reported that follicular wave synchronization and follicular growth treatment (FGT) before ovum pick-up (OPU) were effective in improving oocyte competence, which was associated with an increase in related embryos obtained by somatic cell nuclear transfer (Sugimura et al. 2012 Cell. Reprogram. 14, 29–37). However, oxygen consumption in oocytes remained unknown. The present study was designed to examine the differences in oxygen consumption between bovine oocytes obtained by OPU with or without FGT after in vitro maturation. Holstein dry cows (n = 8) were reared under the same feeding and environmental conditions. Two OPU sessions were conducted in each cow to collect immature oocytes, as described by Sugimura et al. (2012). The first OPU session (OPU group) was performed in cows on arbitrary days of the oestrous cycle, using a 7.5-MHz linear transducer with the needle connected to an ultrasound scanner. Follicles larger than 8 mm in diameter were then aspirated and a controlled internal drug release device (CIDR) was inserted on Day 5 (the day of the first OPU session = Day 0). Then 30 Armour units (AU) of FSH (Antrin, Kyoritsu Seiyaku, Tokyo, Japan) was administrated to cows twice a day from Day 7 to 10 in decreasing doses (6, 6, 4, 4, 3, 3, 2, 2 AU day–1). Cloprostenol (prostaglandin F2α; 0.75 mg) was administered in the morning of Day 9. The second OPU session (FGT-OPU group) was performed 48 h after prostaglandin F2α administration (Day 11), and only follicles larger than 5 mm in diameter were aspirated. The CIDR was removed from the cows just before OPU. Collected cumulus–oocyte complexes in the OPU and FGT-OPU groups were matured in vitro as described by Imai et al. [2006 J. Reprod. Dev. 52(Suppl.), S19–S29]. To collect in vivo-matured oocytes (control group), the CIDR was inserted into the cows on arbitrary days of the oestrous cycle (= Day 0), and oestradiol benzoate (0.8 mg) was administered on Day 1. The cows received the FGT treatment (as described above) from Day 6 to 10; however, the CIDR was removed in the evening of Day 8. Buserelin (gonadotropin-releasing hormone; 200 µg) was then administrated in the morning of Day 10, and OPU was performed at 24 h after gonadotropin-releasing hormone administration (Day 11). Oxygen consumption of matured oocytes was measured noninvasively with a scanning electron microscopy system (HV-405SP; Hokuto Denko Co., Tokyo, Japan). Data were analysed by ANOVA followed by a Tukey-Kramer test. There was no difference in the mean oxygen consumption between the FGT-OPU group (0.34 ± 0.02 × 10–14 mol–1, mean ± SEM) and control group (0.40 ± 0.01 × 10–14 mol–1). However, oxygen consumption in the FGT-OPU and control groups was significantly lower (P < 0.01) than that in the OPU group (0.50 ± 0.02 × 10–14 mol–1). These results revealed significantly lower oxygen consumption in OPU-derived in vitro-matured bovine oocytes after FGT treatment compared with those obtained without FGT treatment. Oxygen consumption of oocytes obtained from FGT-OPU was similar to that of in vivo-matured oocytes, which may reflect their cytoplasmic maturation status with high developmental competence.

62 Will Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Treatment Hasten the Onset of Puberty in Peripubertal Heifers?

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 170
Author(s):  
N. A. Castro ◽  
C. E. Leonardi ◽  
E. M. Zwiefehofer ◽  
J. Singh ◽  
G. P. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Single Point ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Engineering Research ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
And Control

Treatment with gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) has been used to induce ovulation in prepubertal heifers. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether peripubertal heifers will continue to ovulate at regular intervals (i.e. attain puberty) after GnRH treatment. Prepubertal crossbred Hereford heifers, 11.0 ± 0.5 months of age, 344 ± 26 kg of body weight, and at random stages of ovarian follicular wave status, were assigned to 2 groups (age- and weight-matched) and given GnRH (n = 24) or no treatment (Control, n = 22) on Day 0. Ovarian ultrasonography was performed every second day from Day 0 to 44 to record the size of 2 largest follicles and the corpus luteum (CL). Thereafter, examinations were done every 4 days until the third ovulation or Day 100, whichever came first. The first and second interovulatory intervals (IOI) were categorized as short (<12 days), normal (16-24 days), or long (>24 days), and the onset of the puberty was defined by the occurrence of 2 consecutive short or normal IOI (i.e. 3 uninterrupted ovulations). Proportional data were compared among groups by chi-squared test. Single-point measurements were compared by analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were made using Tukey’s test. Two heifers (one in each group) failed to ovulate during the experiment. The diameter of the largest follicle on Day 0 did not differ (P = 0.31) between the GnRH and Control groups (12.6 ± 0.37 mm and 13.1 ± 0.29 mm, respectively). The proportion of heifers that ovulated by Day 4 after treatment was higher in the GnRH than in the Control group (9/24 v. 1/22; P < 0.01). However, the proportion of heifers in the GnRH v. Control groups that ovulated twice (19/24 v. 18/22; P = 0.60) or 3 times (9/24 v. 9/22; P = 0.81) did not differ. The age at first ovulation tended to be younger in the GnRH group than in the Control (12 ± 0.97 v. 13 ± 0.90 months; P = 0.07), but the effect was attributed only to those heifers that ovulated in response to GnRH treatment (n = 9). The age at first ovulation was 11.2 ± 0.50, 12.7 ± 0.73, and 12.6 ± 0.90 months in GnRH-responders, non-responders, and the control group, respectively (P < 0.0001). One heifer that ovulated in response to GnRH treatment failed to ovulate again during the study period (Day 100). In 87.5% (7/8) of the heifers that responded to GnRH treatment and ovulated at least twice, the first IOI was long (55.5 ± 8.3 days). When data were combined between the GnRH non-responders and the control group (n = 35), the first IOI was short (8.9 ± 0.4 days) in 77% of the heifers, and the second IOI was of normal length (18.8 ± 0.9 days) in 93% of heifers. The age at the second ovulation in GnRH responders (12.7 ± 0.3 months) was similar (P = 0.82) to the age at first ovulation in GnRH non-responders (12.9 ± 0.1 months) and the control group (12.7 ± 0.2 months), indicating that GnRH treatment did not hasten the onset of continuous cyclicity. In conclusion, although GnRH treatment induced first ovulation in some peripubertal heifers, treatment did not hasten the onset of puberty. Research was supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada.

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