Release of essential fatty acids from the rat mesenteric vascular bed perfused in vitro: modulation by zinc

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (7) ◽  
pp. 903-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen C. Cunnane ◽  
Bassam A. Nassar
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Perfusion Medium ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Mesenteric Vascular Bed ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The rat mesenteric vascular bed releases prostaglandins when perfused in vitro. The present study evaluated the effect of perfusion of the rat mesenteric vascular bed in vitro with a buffer containing 0, 3, 6, or 9 nM of added zinc on the release of essential fatty acids over a 150-min period. Long chain fatty acids in the mesenteric lipids and in total lipid of the perfusion effluent were assayed by gas liquid chromatography. The presence of 6 nM zinc in the perfusing buffer almost completely prevented the change in 16–22 carbon long chain fatty acids in the mesenteric phospholipids and decreased the release of free fatty acids in comparison to that occurring in the absence of additional zinc. The results sugest that physiological amounts of zinc in the perfusion medium reduce the release of essential fatty acids from rat mesenteric lipids.Key words: zinc, phospholipid, linoleic acid, arachidonic acid, prostaglandin.

scholarly journals Rumen Fermentation In Vitro as Influenced by Long Chain Fatty Acids

1984 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 1439-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Chalupa ◽  
Bonnie Rickabaugh ◽  
D. Kronfeld ◽  
S. David Sklan
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

scholarly journals The Multifunctional β-Oxidation Enzyme Is Required for Full Symptom Development by the Biotrophic Maize Pathogen Ustilago maydis

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2047-2061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Klose ◽  
James W. Kronstad
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ustilago Maydis ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Metabolic Role ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogen ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

ABSTRACT The transition from yeast-like to filamentous growth in the biotrophic fungal phytopathogen Ustilago maydis is a crucial event for pathogenesis. Previously, we showed that fatty acids induce filamentation in U. maydis and that the resulting hyphal cells resemble the infectious filaments observed in planta. To explore the potential metabolic role of lipids in the morphological transition and in pathogenic development in host tissue, we deleted the mfe2 gene encoding the multifunctional enzyme that catalyzes the second and third reactions in β-oxidation of fatty acids in peroxisomes. The growth of the strains defective in mfe2 was attenuated on long-chain fatty acids and abolished on very-long-chain fatty acids. The mfe2 gene was not generally required for the production of filaments during mating in vitro, but loss of the gene blocked extensive proliferation of fungal filaments in planta. Consistent with this observation, mfe2 mutants exhibited significantly reduced virulence in that only 27% of infected seedlings produced tumors compared to 88% tumor production upon infection by wild-type strains. Similarly, a defect in virulence was observed in developing ears upon infection of mature maize plants. Specifically, the absence of the mfe2 gene delayed the development of teliospores within mature tumor tissue. Overall, these results indicate that the ability to utilize host lipids contributes to the pathogenic development of U. maydis.

Synthesis in vitro of very long chain fatty acids in Vibrio sp. strain ABE-1

1992 ◽  
Vol 157 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Morita ◽  
Nobuhiro Okajima ◽  
Masaru Gotoh ◽  
Hideyuki Hayashi ◽  
Hidetoshi Okuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

Quantitative changes in long-chain fatty acids during fetal and early postnatal development in rats

1992 ◽  
Vol 262 (1) ◽  
pp. R14-R19 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Cunnane ◽  
Z. Y. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Postnatal Development ◽  
Essential Fatty Acids ◽  
Postnatal Life ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Early Postnatal Development ◽  
Liver Triacylglycerols ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The quantitative importance of triacylglycerol as a source of total essential fatty acids during early postnatal development is reported in the accompanying article. Our objective here was to measure the quantitative changes in individual long-chain fatty acids in specific lipid classes of the carcass, liver, and brain of the developing rat mainly to describe the relative accumulation of long-chain vs. precursor fatty acids. Fatty acids in carcass phosphatidylcholine (micrograms/g) were lower at fetal days 18-21 than at either fetal day 15 or postnatal days +3 to +9. Individual long-chain fatty acids in liver phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine increased markedly by day +3 postnatally, whereas in brain phosphatidylethanolamine, the postnatal increase was delayed to between days +6 and +9. Fatty acids in carcass and liver triacylglycerols increased quantitatively by 10- to 300-fold from fetal day 21 to postnatal day +3 with amounts of both arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid equaling linoleic acid. The ratios of linoleic and alpha-linolenic acids to respective long-chain products were significantly higher in triacylglycerols, whereas that of stearic to oleic acid was higher in phospholipids. We conclude that, during early postnatal life, oleic, linoleic, and alpha-linolenic acids are required in quantitatively greater amounts in triacylglycerols, whereas stearic acid and long-chain essential fatty acids are required in phospholipids.

Long-chain fatty acids of peptococci and peptostreptococci

1976 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-521
Author(s):  
C L Wells ◽  
C R Field
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Whole Cells ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Chain Fatty Acids

The long-chain fatty acids extracted from the whole cells of 12 clinically significant species of peptococci and peptostreptococci were characterized by gas-liquid chromatography. The resulting methylated fatty acid profiles (and some unidentified compounds) of 82 strains allowed the 12 species to be separated into four groups. Fifteen strains of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius were placed in group I because they had a unique, prominent compound that occurred in the area where a C8 to C10 fatty acid would be expected. Group II, consisting of Peptostreptococcus intermedius, Peptostreptococcus micros, Peptostreptococcus parvulus, Peptococcus morbillorum, and Peptococcus constellatus, produced C14, C16:1, C18:1, and C18 fatty acids. Peptococcus prevotii, Peptococcus variabilus, Peptococcus magnus, Peptococcus asaccharolyticus, and Peptostreptococcus productus were placed in group III because they contained three to six additional, unidentified compounds that strikingly differentiated them from group II. Peptococcus saccharolyticus was the single species assigned to group IV because it yielded C14, C16, C18:1, C18, and C20 fatty acids and a prominent unidentified peak that occurred between C14 and C16 fatty acids. This study indicated that cellular long-chain fatty acids may be an important tool in clarifying the taxonomy of the peptococci and peptostreptococci.

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