Bile salt related secretion of acid phosphatase in rat bile

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (11) ◽  
pp. 1347-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul A. Marinelli ◽  
Marcelo G. Luquita ◽  
Emilio A. Rodríguez Garay
Keyword(s):  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Sodium Taurocholate ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Bile Fistula ◽  
Salt Depletion ◽  
Protein Output ◽  
Rat Bile

The biliary excretion of bile salts, lysosomal acid phosphatase, and total proteins were studied in rats under different experimental conditions: (i) during bile salt loss through a bile fistula and (ii) after loading with exogenous sodium taurocholate. The experimental models were suitable to demonstrate that variations in the excretion of bile salts were associated with those of acid phosphatase output. During bile salt depletion, acid phosphatase output showed a decrease parallel to that of bile salts. Following a single i.v. injection of sodium taurocholate and during its i.v. infusion, a rapid increase of acid phosphatase excretion in bile was seen. The patterns of enzyme outputs observed after administration of sodium taurocholate suggested a bulk discharge in bile of lysosomal contents. The profiles of protein output were similar to those of acid phosphatase suggesting an association between the secretory mechanism of these bile constituents. In contrast to sodium taurocholate, 4-methylumbelliferone, which also increases canalicular bile flow, did not produce changes in the excretory patterns of the bile components studied. Therefore, the results suggested a bile salt related secretion of acid phosphatase in the rat, which may involve protein secretion in bile.

scholarly journals Enzymes and proteins in bile Variations in output in rat cannula bile during and after depletion of the bile-salt pool

1981 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
P P Godfrey ◽  
M J Warner ◽  
R Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Membrane ◽  
Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Lysosomal Enzymes ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Enterohepatic Circulation ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Membrane Enzymes ◽  
Rat Bile

The protein concentration in bile from several species is reported. The changes in output of protein, bile salts and several enzymes have been followed in rat bile over a 48 h cannulation period. Bile-salt concentration dropped rapidly owing to interruption of the enterohepatic circulation but the output of protein, lysosomal enzymes [acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) and beta-D-glucuronidase (EC 3.2.1.31)] and plasma-membrane enzymes [5′-nucleotidase (EC 3.1.3.5) and phosphodiesterase I (EC 3.1.4.1)] was maintained. Liver cell damage, monitored by output of lactate dehydrogenase, was very low throughout. Protein, lysosomal enzymes and plasma-membrane enzymes showed different patterns of output with time, but all showed a net increase between 12 and 24 h. The output of lysosomal and plasma-membrane enzymes was between 1 and 5% of the total liver complement over the first 24 h; if inhibition by biliary components is taken into account the output of some of these enzymes, particularly acid phosphatase, may be greater. Ultracentrifugation of bile showed that as the concentration of bile salts decreases the proportion of plasma-membrane enzymes in a sedimentable form increases. The results are discussed in relation to other studies of biliary proteins and to studies of the perturbation of membranes and cells with bile salts.

Effect of intestinal resection on bile salt absorption in dogs

1965 ◽  
Vol 208 (2) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Playoust ◽  
Leon Lack ◽  
I. M. Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Enterohepatic Circulation ◽  
Sodium Taurocholate ◽  
Intestinal Resection ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Salt Absorption ◽  
Complete Failure ◽  
Fat Meal

The efficiency of intestinal absorption of bile salts was evaluated by studying the rate of disappearance of radioactivity from the bile of dogs after the intravenous administration of sodium taurocholate-24-C14. Bile was sampled through an indwelling tube in the gall bladder. One day after a high-fat meal normal dogs retained 48% of the radioactivity; dogs with resection of the jejunum retained 48%, whereas those with resection of the ileum retained only 3% in the bile. This is consistent with previous observations that the ileum is the site of bile salt absorption in vitro and in anesthetized animals. Animals with resection of the ileum exhibited significant steatorrhea; however, three-fourths of the ingested fat was absorbed in spite of almost complete failure to absorb bile salts. This indicates that fat and bile salts are not normally absorbed together. Elimination of enterohepatic circulation of bile salts by resection of the ileum contributes to the observed steatorrhea.

Effect of glycodihydrofuisidate on sulfobromophthalein transport maximum in the hamster

1976 ◽  
Vol 231 (6) ◽  
pp. 1875-1878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Delage ◽  
M Dumont ◽  
S Erlinger
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Transport System ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Sodium Taurocholate ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Biliary Secretion ◽  
Biliary Lipid ◽  
Lipid Secretion ◽  
Dye Transport ◽  
Cholesterol Secretion

The effect on sulfobromophathalein transport maximum (Tm) and biliary lipid secretion of sodium glyco-24,25-dihydrofusicate, a micelle-forming compound secreted into bile, has been studied in the hamster and compared to that of a physiological bile salt, sodium taurocholate. Biliary phospholipid and cholesterol secretion increased both during glycodihydrofusidate and taurocholate administration, an observation which suggest that both compounds increased th biliary secretion of micelle-forming compounds. In contrast, only taurocholate increased sulfobromophthalein Tm into bile, while glycodihydrofusidate administration decreased it. This observation suggests that the increase in sulfobromophthalein Tm observed during taurocholate administration is not the result of micellar sequestration. It could rather be the consequence of a specific effect of bile salts on the dye transport system.

scholarly journals Effect of diosgenin on biliary cholesterol transport in the rat

1993 ◽  
Vol 291 (3) ◽  
pp. 793-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Thewles ◽  
R A Parslow ◽  
R Coleman
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Gel Permeation Chromatography ◽  
High Molecular Mass ◽  
Cholesterol Transport ◽  
Biliary Cholesterol ◽  
Lower Molecular Mass ◽  
Salt Depletion

Biliary cholesterol output in rats was stimulated over 3-fold by feeding diosgenin for 5 days, whereas biliary outputs of phospholipid and bile salts were not changed by diosgenin feeding. Isolating and perfusing the liver without bile salts resulted in a rapid and substantial decrease in biliary bile salt output; bile salt depletion abolished the diosgenin-induced increment in biliary cholesterol output, showing that the diosgenin-elevated biliary cholesterol output was bile-salt-dependent. Diosgenin treatment also produced a significant decrease in biliary alkaline phosphodiesterase I. Fresh bile obtained from control and diosgenin-fed rats was subjected to gel-permeation chromatography in order to separate different-sized biliary cholesterol carriers. Two major peaks of cholesterol were eluted, with cholesterol also being eluted between the peaks. The cholesterol peak eluted at the lower molecular mass (20-30 kDa) was observed in all bile samples. The higher-molecular-mass peak, which was eluted at the void volume, was not observed in all biles; control biles contained very little high-molecular-mass form of cholesterol, whereas biles from the diosgenin group contained up to 47% of cholesterol in the high-molecular-mass fraction. Diosgenin treatment produced a range of elevated biliary cholesterol values which positively correlated with the proportion of cholesterol contained in the high-molecular-mass fraction (r = 0.98). The results show that diosgenin induced a marked bile-salt-dependent increase in biliary cholesterol output and a shift in biliary cholesterol transport to higher-molecular-mass structures.

How does bile salt penetration affect the self-assembled architecture of pluronic P123 micelles? – light scattering and spectroscopic investigations

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (30) ◽  
pp. 19977-19990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arpita Roy ◽  
Niloy Kundu ◽  
Debasis Banik ◽  
Jagannath Kuchlyan ◽  
Nilmoni Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Light Scattering ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Triblock Copolymer ◽  
Sodium Taurocholate ◽  
Sodium Deoxycholate ◽  
The Self ◽  
Spectroscopic Investigations ◽  
Pluronic P123 ◽  
Supramolecular Aggregate

The triblock copolymer of the type (PEO)20–(PPO)70–(PEO)20 (P123) forms a mixed supramolecular aggregate with different bile salts, sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) and sodium taurocholate (NaTC), having different hydrophobicity.

scholarly journals Spectrophotometric determination of the critical micellar concentration of bile salts using bilirubin monoglucuronide as a micellar probe. Utility of derivative spectroscopy

1988 ◽  
Vol 252 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
W Spivak ◽  
C Morrison ◽  
D Devinuto ◽  
W Yuey
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Sodium Taurocholate ◽  
Critical Micellar Concentration ◽  
Relative Energy ◽  
Bile Pigment ◽  
Sharp Change ◽  
Derivative Spectroscopy ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Sudden Decrease

We have developed a simple biologically non-invasive method for determining the critical micellar concentration (CMC) of bile salts using pure naturally occurring bilirubin IX alpha monoglucuronide (BMG), an important bile pigment present in virtually all mammalian biles. This methodology employs visible absorbance spectroscopy of BMG in bile salts over a range of bile salt concentrations that include the reported CMC. Using 100 microM-BMG in 0.4 M-imidazole buffer at pH 7.8, we calculated that the CMC for sodium taurochenodeoxycholate is between 2.5 and 3.0 mM based on: (1) an abrupt change in lambda max. in this concentration range, (2) a precipitous decrease in the amplitude of the absorbance shoulder at 450 nm, (3) a sudden decrease in the second derivative absorbance of BMG at 400 nm and an increase in absorbance at 470 nm, (4) a sharp change in the 4th derivative absorbance at 375 and 395 nm. In contrast, sodium taurocholate, a bile salt that reportedly does not have a CMC but continuously self-associates over a wide concentration range, exhibited none of these changes. The use of derivative spectroscopy enhances the ability to detect the CMC changes and also indicates the number of BMG species in solution and their relative energy states.

scholarly journals Spontaneous formation of pigmentary precipitates in bile salt-depleted rat bile and its prevention by micelle-forming bile salts

1990 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 444-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Angelico ◽  
Sofia Candeloro De Sanctis ◽  
Claudia Gandin ◽  
Domenico Alvaro
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Spontaneous Formation ◽  
Rat Bile

Effect of bile salts on the biliary excretion of glycodihydrofusidate in the rat

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
J. C. Montet ◽  
A. Gerolami
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Biliary Excretion ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Hepatic Transport ◽  
Structural Analogue ◽  
Biliary Elimination ◽  
Bile Fistula ◽  
Bolus Intravenous Injection ◽  
Continuous Perfusion

The biliary elimination of glycodihydrofusidate (GDHF), a structural analogue of bile salts, was studied in bile fistula rats. GDHF was excreted in bile with a maximal excretory rate (Tm = 0.80 μmol min−1 kg−1) which is much lower than bile salts Tm. The effects of dehydrocholate and taurocholate on GDHF biliary secretion suggest a stimulatory effect of bile salts on canalicular excretion of the drug.(a) When a bolus intravenous injection of 3 μmol of GDHF was followed after 2 min by a continuous dehydrocholate perfusion (10 μmol min−1 kg−1), biliary excretion of GDHF was increased in comparison with control rats.(b) Upon attaining the biliary Tm by continuous perfusion of GDHF at a rate of 1.35 μmol min−1 kg−1, infusion with either taurocholate or dehydrocholate increased its Tm to a similar degree.These results are similar to those previously obtained with the effects of bile salt infusions on the Tm of bromosulfophthalein. They suggest therefore that hepatic transport of GDHF and bile salts occurs by routes which are distinct for canalicular transport in spite of the striking structural similarities between GDHF and bile salts.

Ileal transposition into the upper jejunum affects lipid and bile salt absorption in rats

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (4) ◽  
pp. G681-G691 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Tsuchiya ◽  
T. J. Kalogeris ◽  
P. Tso
Keyword(s):  
Bile Salt ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Sodium Taurocholate ◽  
Cholesterol Absorption ◽  
Lymphatic Transport ◽  
Proximal Jejunum ◽  
Ileal Transposition ◽  
Sham Surgery ◽  
Salt Absorption ◽  
Lymph Duct

To determine whether ileal transposition affects absorption and transport of lipids and bile salts, we studied the absorption and lymphatic transport of triglyceride, cholesterol, and sodium taurocholate in rats with the distal quarter of their small bowel transposed to the proximal jejunum and in control rats whose intestines were transected and reanastomosed without transposition. Three weeks after transposition or sham surgery, rats were equipped with duodenal or jejunal and intestinal lymph duct cannulas and then given continuous duodenal or jejunal infusions of lipid emulsion containing triolein (40 mumol/h + [3H]triolein) and cholesterol (7.8 mumol/h + [14C]cholesterol) for 8 h. Lymph lipid output was measured; after 8 h of lipid infusion, luminal and mucosal radioactive lipid distribution was also quantified. Transposition had no effect on triglyceride absorption and transport, but cholesterol absorption and transport were both significantly attenuated in the transposed rats. In a separate study we examined whether ileal transposition would alter the kinetics of bile salt absorption. Six weeks after either transposition or sham surgery, rats were given a duodenal bolus injection of 14C-labeled sodium taurocholate mixed in rat bile, and the output of radiolabeled bile salt through a bile fistula was measured. Appearance of radiolabeled taurocholate was gradual in the control rats, peaking at approximately 90 min after administration. Appearance of labeled bile salt was rapid in the transposed rats, peaking within 60 min after administration. In conclusion, ileal transposition has no effect on triglyceride absorption but attenuates cholesterol absorption and transport, possibly by promoting premature absorption of bile salts.

scholarly journals The inhibitory effect of blood serum on hæmolysis

1923 ◽  
Vol 95 (665) ◽  
pp. 42-61 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bile Salt ◽  
Bile Salts ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Sodium Taurocholate ◽  
Marked Change ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Haemolytic Activity ◽  
Serum Globulin

It has been recognised for many years that blood serum has an inhibitory effect on the hæmolysis produced by many substances, notably saponin and bile salts. Ransom (1), in 1901, observing that cholesterol inhibits the action of saponin, attributed the inhibitory effect of serum to the contained cholesterol. The quantities of cholesterol used in his experiments are far greater than those which occur in serum, and the experiments are inconclusive for that reason. Bayer (2), in 1907, investigated the inhibitory effect produced by serum on the action of the bile salts. He found that cholesterol has no inhibitory effect, that lecithin produces inhibition, but not in the quantities that occur in blood, and that the proteins of the serum are responsible for the inhibition. He calls attention to the results of von Eisler (3), who states that serum globulin inhibits the action of staphalolysin and of tetanolysin, and also those of von Liebermann, who finds that hæmolysis by soaps is prevented by serum albumin (4). Bayer’s researches are, in the main, confirmed by Sellards (5). The investigations of Ludke (6) and of Scandaliato (7), who found that the inhibitory effect of serum is slightly increased after the injection of bile salts, may be mentioned. The conclusions of these authors are unreliable, since inadequate methods of measuring the amount of inhibition were used. References to various points in connection with the inhibition produced by serum in vivo and in vitro are to be found in the writer’s earlier papers (8, 9, 10). The Nature of the Inhibitory Substances . Before proceeding to the quantitative estimations, it is necessary to know which constituents of serum are responsible for the inhibition of saponin and bile salt hæmolysis respectively. Bayer’s results might be taken as conclusive were it not for two considerations: (1) Bayer filtered most of the solutions of bile salts, and lecithin-bile-salt mixtures, whose hæmolytic power he wished to determine, through a Berkefeld filter, and thereafter tested their hæmolytic activity. He states that this procedure has no effect on the time taken for these solutions to produce hæmolysis. This is a fallacy, for a solution of sodium taurocholate will not pass through a filter paper without losing some of its hæmolytic activity, while passage through a Berkefeld filter causes a very marked change indeed (10). It is therefore not permissible to regard the hæmolytic activity of a solution filtered in this way as identical with, or even corresponding to, the activity of an unfiltered solution; (2) Bayer used very rough quantitative methods—he refers to “slight hæmolysis,” “considerable hæmolysis,” etc., and, accordingly, would be able to detect only very marked degrees of inhibition. The same remark applies to the experiments of Sellards.

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